氧化铑电致变色薄膜的制备、结构及性能

采用溶胶_凝胶方法在ITO导电基底上制备氧化铑电致变色薄膜 .当在碱性溶液中对薄膜分别施加阴极和阳极电位时 ,薄膜即呈现由亮黄到深绿的可逆变化 .采用原位XRD、TG_DTA、IR、XPS等方法对薄膜的结晶态、热处理过程以及膜的化学组成进行分析 .应用交流阻抗法计算了薄膜变色过程的扩散系数 ,结果表明该膜基本可以用于变色器件     

介孔氧化钨电色薄膜的制备与性能研究

采用一种新的非离子型gemini表面活性剂结构导向模板, 成功制备了介孔氧化钨薄膜. 通过SAXRD, TEM和N₂吸附-脱附等方法考察薄膜的制备和微结构特性, 发现获得的产物具有三维蠕虫介孔结构, 比表面积可达145.5 m²• g^－1. 测定了该薄膜在无水高氯酸锂/碳酸丙烯酯电解质溶液中的循环伏安和电致变色性能, 并与无模板薄膜进行了对比研究. 研究表明, 由于具有更大的电化学活性比表面, 纳米介孔氧化钨薄膜表现出增强的电色性能, 在633 nm波长处的透过率调制幅度可达60%以上, 着色效率为51.7 cm²•C^－1.     

磷钨酸盐修饰的氧化钨薄膜的制备与电致变色性质研究

为了提高WO₃纳米粒子薄膜的光学对比度,利用层接层自组装方法,将Keggin型结构的磷钨酸盐H₃[α-PW₁₂O₄₀]与WO₃纳米粒子复合,制备[PEI/PW₁₂/PEI/WO₃]₂₀复合膜.采用扫描电镜、紫外光谱和电化学工作站对复合膜的形貌及电致变色性能进行研究,结果表明:该复合膜与单纯的WO₃纳米粒子薄膜相比,光学对比度提高了117.28%,且这种复合膜提供了较大的H⁺扩散系数,可以获得更好的电致变色性能.     

脉冲激光沉积制备氧化铋薄膜的电致变色性质

通过电位阶跃和循环伏安结合现场电感偶合分光光度计(CCD)测量了脉冲激光沉积的四方结构Bi2O3薄膜的电致变色性质. 结果表明, 在波长为630 nm处出现一个明显的吸收峰, Bi2O3薄膜电极的着色时间为30 s. 吸光度-电位谱图表明, 当电位在3.5 - 0.7 V之间变化时, Bi2O3薄膜的颜色可明显地呈现由透明到暗棕色的可逆变化, 重复次数可达50 次, 在630 nm测得的着色效率约为15 cm2·C-1.     

氧化铑变色薄膜的制备及其电变色研究

采用溶胶-凝胶方法制备了氧化铑电致变色薄膜。通过施加阴极或阳极电位, 薄膜在碱性电解液中呈现从亮黄（还原态）到深绿（氧化态）的可塑颜色变化,而 且可达到上千次循环而性能不变。采用XRD,SEM,TG,DTA,UVV,FTIR和循环伏安 等技术对薄膜的晶态、形貌、热处理过程和电变色过程进行了研究。得出100 ℃处 理的膜内含有一定量的结晶水,其性能最好。对薄膜的电致变色性能如：着色效率 、响应时间及循环寿命、开路记忆等进行了测试,并讨论了氧化铑薄膜电变色的反 应机理。     

旋转涂布法制备Si-Mo-W酸盐电致变色薄膜

本文采用旋转涂布制备了Si-Mo-W酸盐的电致变色薄膜。伴随着Li⁺的电化学注入，这些薄膜呈现出可逆的颜色变化。由于这类电致变色薄膜的变色幅度较小，故可用作为强变色材料的对电极。     

Co对NiOxHy薄膜电致变色性能的影响

本文利用阴极化电沉积法在抛光镍极及ＩＴＯ玻璃表面制备了含Ｃｏ量为１６．２％的ＮｉＯｘＨｙ薄膜,薄膜厚度分别为４２ｎｍ、２１ｎｍ,采用透射光谱以及线性电位扫描、交流阻抗和阳极稳态极化曲线等测试技术,考察了Ｃｏ对ＮｉＯｘＨｙ薄膜电致变色性能的影响,光谱测试范围为３００￣２５００ｎｍ。结果发现：Ｃｏ能降低薄膜着色态在可见光区及部分近红外区的透过率,通过电压调节不仅可以调光而且可望能够控温;同时Ｃｏ还能降     

PEO掺杂氧化镍薄膜的溶胶-凝胶法制备及电致变色性能研究

以无水醋酸镍、乙醇为前驱液, 加入适量正丁醇及PEO2000等为稳定剂, 采用改进的溶胶-凝胶法制备了稳定的PEO2000纳米Ni(OH)₂复合溶胶体系, 采用旋涂法在ITO (In₂O₃∶Sn)导电玻璃上形成均匀的氧化镍薄膜. 研究了溶胶组分对成膜性能的影响, 采用TG-DSC分析、X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜, 研究了热处理过程中的结构变化和表面形貌. 循环伏安和可见光透过率测试表明该氧化镍薄膜具有良好的电致变色性能和阳极着色效应.     

无模板电化学沉积法制备多孔WO3·2H2O薄膜及其电致变色性能

二水合氧化钨(WO₃·2H₂O)因其独特的层状结构且富含层间结构水,与无水WO₃相比显示出更加优异的电致变色性能。我们采用简单、无模板的阴极电化学沉积方法,成功在氧化铟锡(ITO)导电玻璃基底上制备了WO₃·2H₂O薄膜。通过改变电沉积液中过氧化氢(H₂O₂)的加入量优化沉积液的成分,获得了具有纳米多孔结构的薄膜。由此制备的WO₃·2H₂O薄膜显示出大的光学对比度(633nm处的光学对比度大于90%)、快速的响应速度(着色、褪色时间均小于10s),以及良好的循环稳定性(经10000次循环后,光学对比度仍保持在90%左右)。     

原位聚合沉积聚苯胺薄膜及其电致变色性能

采用原位聚合的方法,以水溶性高分子聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为空间稳定剂,直接在玻璃基体表面聚合沉积导电聚苯胺(PANI)薄膜。用扫描电镜(SEM)、紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)、四探针电导率测试仪和热重分析仪(TG)对聚苯胺膜结构及性能进行了表征。采用循环伏安法测试了薄膜的电致变色性。结果表明:盐酸掺杂聚苯胺薄膜呈翠绿色,薄膜厚115 nm,表面电导率为4.6×10-3S/cm。电致变色实验中聚苯胺电极电位在-6~ 6 V循环变化时,薄膜颜色在黄绿和蓝绿间可逆变化。电致变色前后聚苯胺薄膜的紫外可见吸收光谱表明,随着电极电位的降低,极化子峰发生红移,说明聚苯胺分子链中醌式结构单元被还原,聚苯胺薄膜质子化程度提高。     

Characterization of Electrochromic WO3-Layers Prepared by Sol-Gel Nanotechnology

Stable tungsten oxide coating sols suitable for electrochromic applications were prepared by a modified peroxotungstic acid route. Layers up to 250 nm thickness could be deposited on ITO-coated and/or FTO-coated glass substrates in a single dip-coating process. Optoelectrochemical measurements were employed to determine the variation of the electrochromic properties (change in optical density (OD) and switching times) of WO3-layers, investigated as a function of coating parameters, such as chamber humidity and the temperature of heat treatment. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) has shown that the optimized layers possess a partially crystalline morphology with nanocrystalline regions 2–3 nm in size.     

以两亲性共聚物为模板溶胶-凝胶法制备WO3多孔薄膜及其 氢致变色特性的研究

报道了以六氯化钨为原料, 以两亲性的无规共聚物聚苯乙烯-co-聚烯丙醇(PS-co-PAAL)和三嵌段共聚物聚氧乙烯-b-聚氧丙烯-b-聚氧乙烯(PEO-b-PPO-b-PEO)为模板, 采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了WO3多孔薄膜. 利用热重分析仪(TGA)、粉末X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)等表征手段, 研究了模板和热处理温度对薄膜孔结构的影响; 并通过H2敏测试以及利用紫外可见分光光度计(UV), 研究了薄膜的氢敏性能和着色前后的透射光谱. 结果表明, 以无规共聚物PS-co-PAAL为模板制得的WO3薄膜, 经400 ℃热处理后, 可得到呈交联网状的多孔结构, 并表现出最佳的氢致变色性能.     

Structural Studies During Gelation of WO3 Investigated by In-situ Raman Spectroscopy

In the course of the preparation of WO₃ by sol-gel technique we have studied kinetics of its synthesis and the structural changes during gelation. In-situ Raman scattering spectra were obtained for a series of samples during the transition from aqueous solution to gel. The changes in the Raman features were monitored as a function of time during gelation. The removal of water molecules affects the symmetric W=O stretching mode. The Raman spectrum of a gelified sample shows peaks attributed to the O–W–O bending mode and the disappearance of the high-frequency mode attributed to polyanionic species. After two days the gelified sample became a precipitated material, which exhibited the Raman spectrum of a crystalline tungsten oxide hydrate.     

Preparation and Characterization of Molybdenum Oxide Thin Films by Sol-Gel Process

This paper presents a new sol-gel process to prepare molybdenum oxide thin films. A molybdenum acetylacetonate sol was prepared by employing the system CH₃COCH₂COCH₃/MoO₃/C₆H₅CH₃/HOCH₂CH₂OCH₃. A molybdenum acetylacetonate gel was prepared by addition of aqueous NH₃. Thermal gravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analyses (DTA) of the gel suggested that crystallization of MoO₃ occurs in a 140 K temperature range around 508°C. MoO₃ films were prepared on fused silica, Si (111) and Al₂O₃ (012) substrates by annealing spin coating films of the sol in oxygen environment at 508°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that all films crystallize in -MoO₃ structure, and crystallites on fused silica substrate are arbitrarily oriented while those on Si (111) and Al₂O₃(012) substrates oriented in the (010) direction. SEM investigations showed that MoO₃ grains of all films are randomly distributed, with a longitudinal dimension of about 1–5 m and the film thickness is about 1 m.     

Barium Sodium Niobate Powders and Thin Films: Preparation and Ferroelectric Behavior

Powders and thin films of barium sodium niobate, Ba₄Na₂Nb₁₀O₃₀, of filled tungsten bronze type ferroelectric were processed by a sol-gel route using barium metal, niobium ethoxide and sodium methoxide as precursors. Polycrystalline powder resulted after heat treating the gel powder at or above 650°C. Thin films of Ba₄Na₂Nb₁₀O₃₀ showed no preferred orientation on Si(100), Pt/Si(100) and sapphire substrates. Hysteresis measurements at 1 kHz for the thin films annealed at 750°C, obtained using a prehydrolyzed precursor solution, and gave remanent polarization of 17.34 µC/cm² and coercive field of 62.5 kV/cm. Microstructural investigation of surface morphology of these films revealed grains about 0.3 µm in size. Prehydrolysis of the precursor solution was found to be necessary to achieve dense films with ferroelectric properties.     

Preparation and Characterization of MgO Thin Films by a Novel Sol-Gel Method

MgO thin films have been prepared on Si substrates by a novel and simple sol-gel method using magnesium nitrate and collodion as starting material. Solutions consisting of magnesium nitrate in a mixture of collodion and ethanol were spin-coated onto silicon substrates. It was found that collodion was a necessary component to form stable sols and the crystallization and structures were clearly dependent on the amount of the collodion and the annealing temperature. The MgO thin films with good crystallization were obtained after annealing at 800°C. Meanwhile, the microstructure of the MgO films was examined by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy.     

Low Temperature Sol-Gel Preparation of Nanocrystalline TiO2 Thin Films

TiO₂ nanocrystalline thin films with varying degree of porosity have been prepared using a low temperature method. TiO₂ films of the anatase form have been obtained by using a polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified sol-gel method. Densification and crystallization of the films was found to result from the thermal treatment of the dip coated films in boiling water. The films have been characterized by Raman, XRD, FTIR, AFM and optical methods. Highly transparent films with transmission in excess of 85% and porosity as high as 58% are formed predominantly of anatase crystallites of dimensions of the order of 5 nm. Initial results on lithium intercalation into these films resulting in an efficient optical modulation in the visible and near infrared regions demonstrate a good potential of these films for electrochromic applications.     

Ion Exchange Derived Precursor Materials for Deposition of WO3 Electrochromic Films: Spectroscopic Investigations

The ion exchange route was first successfully used by Livage et al. for depositing WO₃ films exhibiting reversible electrochromic effect. We report in this paper the preparation of a solid precursor material by chemically modifying this route. The short lived ion exchange derived sol on addition of H₂O₂ and acetic acid on further processing, yields a solid precursor material with (1) unusually enhanced stability and (2) easy solvation in alcohol. UV and infrared spectroscopic investigations give strong evidence for these two properties as manifestations of the lower degree of polymerization and coordination of the acetate ion as a chelating ligand with the tungsten atom.     

低含量铁掺杂纳米TiO2薄膜的制备及其抗菌机理研究

采用溶胶凝胶-浸渍提拉法,制备了玻璃基底上生长的Fe/TiO₂薄膜.利用XRD、XPS、AFM等对样品进行表征,研究了铁掺杂对TiO₂薄膜晶体结构和表面形貌的影响,并研究了不同掺铁量TiO₂薄膜对大肠杆菌的抗菌性能.结果表明,铁掺杂TiO₂薄膜的抗菌性能均优于纯TiO₂薄膜,其中掺铁量为0.1%时薄膜的抗菌性能最佳,高达98%.