物理建模教学的理论与实践简介

建模教学(Modeling Instruction)是亚利桑那州立大学理论物理学家David Hestenes创立的一种教学模式.在物理课程中实施建模教学,可以帮助学生聚焦问题、建构知识,在科学的范畴下进行问题的解决.30年的研究与实践证明,物理建模教学让学生亲身经历建模过程,不仅促进了学生对物理概念的理解,增强了学习兴趣,还发展了学生自主学习能力,提升了物理思维品质,实现了教育公平.建模教学已产生了广泛影响,并开始在科学、技术、工程、数学(STEM)及教师培训课程中推行.     

物理建模融入大学物理课堂教学

将科研项目中的物理建模思想贯穿大学物理课堂教学,拓展工科专业学生的应用视野和意识,让学生在学好物理的基础上,得到接触前沿科技及工程应用的机会,受到用物理原理解决技术问题的创新思维训练,从而提高工科学生的科学素养和创新能力.     

分形理论在物理实验教学中应用的探索

综述了作者近年来将分形理论引入基础物理实验教学中的尝试与实践，介绍了分形维数的测定方法及其应用，阐述了教师参与适量的科学研究是实现基础物理实验教学现代化的重要保证。     

含气泡液态金属的磁流体力学和Hartmann流动

本文给出含气泡液态金属的磁流体力学基本方程,以及Hartmann流动的解。     

气泡对管中流动液体产生阻力的分析

1 引言 液体在细管内流动时,若管中出现了满径向的气泡,气泡对液体的流动要产生阻力,当气泡达到一定数目后,有可能将管子堵住,这种现象称为气体栓塞.     

原子核物理在医学领域中的应用

原子核物理的不断发展和完善极大地促进了医学及其相关学科的发展, 为医学研究与实践提供了全新的思想理论和现代化的诊疗手段与设备。 综述了原子核物理在基础医学、 临床医学和预防医学发展中的作用及其应用。The advancements and achieves in nuclear physics enormously improve the developments of medicine and its correlation disciplines, provide the brand new theory, the modern diagnoses, the treat methods and instruments for the medical research and practice. In this review the applications of nuclear physics in basic, clinical and preventive medicines are summarized.     

近红外技术在物理特性领域的应用

介绍了近红外光谱分析技术的原理及特点,综述了近红外分析技术在制药、纺织、石化、农业、烟草、木材等行业物理特性领域的应用,认为该技术的应用将会越来越宽广,并对该技术在物理特性领域的应用进行了展望.     

激光辐照下卫星筒体部分多物理建模及毁伤效应分析

激光反卫星武器是干扰、破坏星载光电仪器设备或摧毁卫星平台的重要手段.基于Fourier的非稳态导热方程,结合靶材内部的实际结构和金属材料的高温特性,通过建模与数值仿真,实现了卫星筒体在激光辐照下毁伤的仿真过程,获得了典型工况下靶材的温度、熔化深度和内部应力分布等多物理变化规律.分析了不同功率密度的激光对靶材温度场和熔化...     

信息技术在体校物理教学中应用的探索

研究信息技术在体育运动学校物理教学中的一些应用方法和途径.     

Bell-Polynomial Approach and Soliton Solutions for Some Higher-Order Korteweg-de Vries Equations in Fluid Mechanics,Plasma Physics and Lattice Dynamics

The Korteweg-de Vries (KdV)-type equations have been seen in fluid mechanics, plasma physics and lattice dynamics, etc. This paper will address the bilinearization problem for some higher-order KdV equations. Based on the relationship between the bilinear method and Bell-polynomial scheme, with introducing an auxiliary independent variable, we will present the general bilinear forms. By virtue of the symbolic computation, one- and two-soliton solutions are derived.     

Bell-Polynomial Approach and Soliton Solutions for Some Higher-Order Korteweg-de Vries Equations in Fluid Mechanics,Plasma Physics and Lattice Dynamics

The Korteweg-de Vries(Kd V)-type equations have been seen in fluid mechanics,plasma physics and lattice dynamics,etc. This paper will address the bilinearization problem for some higher-order Kd V equations. Based on the relationship between the bilinear method and Bell-polynomial scheme,with introducing an auxiliary independent variable,we will present the general bilinear forms. By virtue of the symbolic computation,one-and two-soliton solutions are derived.     

Some Basic Physics Results for Plasma Spectroscopy and Modelling

Spectroscopic diagnostics and modelling of technical or divertor plasmas require many results from basic physics research. Reasonable simplifications must be introduced and information is necessary about atomic and molecular processes in the plasma volume and at the walls. As a first approximation, the corona model is presented, which is applicable for excitation and ionisation at low densities. This model requires cross sections and rate coefficients for electron impact. Many of these can be found in the literature, but it is also shown, how they can be estimated from the optical f-values. Consideration of competing processes is often required, as e.g. dissociative excitation, excitation transfer, charge exchange or quenching. Some examples are reported. At higher electron densities, collisional-radiative models must be used, which are available for electron impact collisions. Redistribution by neutral particles can present a major problem in low density discharges and many questions are still open. Heavy particle reaction rates are published in the literature, but must sometimes be taken with caution. The optical thickness of resonance lines is discussed, which may considerably affect line emission also in the visible spectral range. Models and programs are described for taking into account opacity and the results are shown. In addition to reaction cross sections, the electron energy distribution function must be known, which is often non-Maxwellian. It is demonstrated, how deviations can be recognised in spectroscopic criteria with different energy thresholds and how the high-energy tail may be reconstructed for further use in diagnostics or modelling. Eventually, a self-consistent model of these plasmas is highly desirable calculating electrical and magnetic fields, all chemical reaction rates and the consequent distribution functions.     

Some Aspects of the Liouville Equation in Mathematical Physics and Statistical Mechanics

This paper presents some mathematical aspects of Classical Liouville theorem and we have noted some mathematical theorems about its initial value problem. Furthermore, we have implied on the formal frame work of Stochastic Liouville equation (SLE).     

Remarks on Mohrhoff's Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics

In a recently proposed interpretation of quantum mechanics, U. Mohrhoff advocates original and thought-provoking views on space and time, the definition of macroscopic objects, and the meaning of probability statements. The interpretation also addresses a number of questions about factual events and the nature of reality. The purpose of this note is to examine several issues raised by Mohrhoff's interpretation, and to assess whether it helps providing solutions to the long-standing problems of quantum mechanics.     

Elastic Deformation Analysis on MHD Viscous Dissipative Flow of Viscoelastic Fluid:An Exact Approach

This communication is devoted to analyze elastic deformation on electrically conducted viscoelastic fluid in the presence of viscous dissipation effects. Non-linear analysis is computed through exact solutions for velocity,temperature and concentration profiles. Special emphasis is provided for elastic deformation in the presence of magnetohydrodynamics effects. Concentration profile is discussed significantly in the presence constructive and destructive chemical reaction. Results are displayed through graphs and discussed for physical parameters that are used in present analysis. Notable findings include that temperature and thermal boundary layer thickness is an increasing function of Prandtl number and a decreasing function of elastic deformation. In addition, heat transfer rate is enhanced by increasing the conjugate parameter(γ) which measures the strength of surface heating.     

Statistical Mechanics Approach for Uniform and Non-uniform Fluid with Hard Core and Interaction Tail

One recently proposed self-consistent hard sphere bridge functional was combined with an exponential function exp(-cr) and a re-normalized indirect correlation function to construct the bridge function for fluid with hard core and interaction tail. In the present approach, the adjustable parameter α was determined by the thermodynamic consistency realized on the compressibility modulus, the re-normalization of the indirect correlation function was realized by a modified Mayer function with the interaction potential replaced by the perturbative part of the interaction potential. As an example, the present bridge function was combined with the Ornstein-Zernike (OZ) equation to predict structure and thermodynamics properties in very good agreement with the simulation data available for Lennard-Jones (L J). Based on the universality principle of the free energy density functional and the test particle trick, the numerical solution of the OZ equation was employed to construct the first order direct correlation function of the non-uniform fluid as a functional of the density distribution by means of the indirect correlation function. In the framework of the density functional theory, the numerically obtained functional predicted the density distribution of LJ fluid confined in two planar hard walls that is in good agreement with the simulation data.     

大学物理实验中的创新设计方法及应用研究

大学物理实验运用原理应用设计法、联想类比设计法、改进设计法、变异设计法、组合设计法等创新设计方法。掌握这些方法可以提升大学生的创新设计能力,为后续课程的学习和将来的工作打下良好基础。