高频超声换能器的阻抗匹配研究

本文介绍了用于声学显微镜中超声换能器的阻抗匹配方法．由三个电感构成的T型结构被选作匹配网络，通过理论计算和实验调试得到了良好的匹配效果．文章的最后给出了实际的匹配结果．     

压电换能器等效模型分析与阻抗匹配设计

声光可调滤光器(Acousto-optic tunable filter,AOTF)的衍射效率不仅与功率信号源的质量、声光晶体氧化碲(TeO_2)的切型有关,而且压电超声换能器的结构以及其阻抗匹配网络也对AOTF的衍射效率有很大影响。本文对X切型铌酸锂(LiNbO_3,LN)四层镀膜压电超声换能器的等效模型进行了分析,确定了声光介质存在时换能器的阻抗特性,利用射频微波仿真软件,设计了电感-电容复合匹配网络。将换能器压合在TeO_2上,用复色光作为光源进行了声光衍射实验,经仿真与实验验证表明,该匹配电路可以有效的改善压电换能器的阻抗特性,提高换能器带宽,提高能量传输效率,AOTF衍射效率最高可达92.67%。     

具有阻抗匹配层的宽带纵向振动压电换能器设计

本文研究纵向振动压电换能器的频带展宽问题。在复合棒纵向换能器的辐射端加工适当材料的阻抗匹配层,可以使其工作在非单谐振状态下,在单层阻抗匹配层的情况下,合理地选择匹配层的厚度可以调整其谐振点之间的位置,从而改善换能器的辐射特性。本研究结果表明,对于机械品质因素Qm=6,发射响应带宽△f=4kHz的纵向振子,采用四分之一波长厚度的匹配层,在不降低发射响应的条件下,可展宽频带一倍以上。     

压电换能器的动态匹配

本文用合振荡的原理对太电换能器的匹配问题进行了分析，提出了一种关于匹配的新概念－动态匹配，强调了效率在匹配中的重要性。     

矩形扭转压电换能器的研制

本文从压电和机械振动等基本理论出发，首次较系统地建立了矩形扭转压电换能器的理论，推导出频率方程，并通过实验进行了验证。     

压电MEMS超声换能器研究进展

MEMS(micro-electromechanical systems)超声换能器(MEMS ultrasonic transducer,简称MUT)是采用微电子和微机械加工技术制作的新型超声换能器。与传统超声换能器相比,MUT具有体积小、重量轻、成本低、功耗低、可靠性高、频率控制灵活、频带宽、灵敏度高以及易于与电路集成和实现智能化等特点。是超声换能器的重要的研究方向之一。MUT的研究主要包括压电MUT(piezoelectric MUT,简称PMUT)和电容MUT(capacitiveMUT,简称CMUT)两个方面。本文概述了PMUT研究的发展进程和研究成果,展望了PMUT的研究和应用前景。     

非线性工作状态压电换能器匹配技术

针对压电换能器在大功率下存在复杂非线性而导致匹配参数难以优化的问题,以大功率超声金属焊接为例,通过采集测试焊接过程换能器两端电压的幅值与频率,建立换能器反谐振电阻与驱动电压有效值、频率之间的数学模型;提出基于反谐振电阻模型的最优功率匹配方法,推导了匹配电感电容的计算公式。最后实验验证了数学模型的准确性,且当换能器输入功率在最优功率附近时,匹配网络电能传输效率最高。     

磁致伸缩超声换能器阻抗匹配网络的设计

根据磁致伸缩超声换能器的等效电路模型和阻抗匹配理论,该文设计了一种优化的π型匹配网络.该网络具有调谐、变阻和滤波的功能,适用于工作在中低频超声频率范围内的磁致伸缩超声换能器系统的阻抗匹配.仿真和实验结果表明:接入该π型阻抗匹配网络后,驱动电源与换能器之间实现了最大功率传输,换能器两端电信号的波形质量得到优化,换能器激励...     

压电复合材料宽带横波换能器的实验研究

本文用实验方法研究了２－２压电复合材料的厚度切变特性，定性地给出了２－２压电复合材料的性能与ＰＺＴ相体积百分比，以及与共振频率牟关系。并用这种材料作为换能元件，制作出高灵敏度窄脉冲横波换能器。     

压电复合材料换能器

压电复合材料是将压电陶瓷与聚合物材料按一定的连通方式、一定的体积百分比和一定的空间分布复合而成的。它可以提高材料的某些压电性能,并具有常用压电陶瓷材料所没有的某些优良性能。在过去的十几年中材料研究者们做了大量工作并取得实用性进展。     

基于数字电感的压电换能器动态匹配的研究

本文用实验的方法叙述了压电换能器的静态夹持电容随温度变化的特性,以及引起匹配质量下降的问题。提出了一种关于匹配的新概念－数字电感动态匹配,使匹配电感跟随静态电容的变化,从而提高匹配质量,实验结果表明,这种动态匹配方法是行之有效的。     

压电管堆式宽带换能器*

研究了一种具有管状叠堆结构的圆管换能器,其敏感元件是由纵向极化压电陶瓷单元组成的薄壁管状压电叠堆,探讨利用管状叠堆纵向和径向振动耦合实现宽带发射。利用压电柱壳振动理论推导了管堆的频率方程,分析了换能器的纵向和径向模态的振动耦合特性。在理论分析的基础上利用有限元方法对换能器的带宽和发射电压响应进行优化并研制换能器样机。测试结果表明,纵向极化的管状压电叠堆结构具有良好的发射电压响应和宽带特性,与理论及仿真结果相符。     

Review of the design of power ultrasonic generator for piezoelectric transducer

The power ultrasonic generator (PUG) is the core device of power ultrasonic technology (PUT), and its performance determines the application of this technology in biomedicine, semiconductor, aerospace, and other fields. With the high demand for sensitive and accurate dynamic response in power ultrasonic applications, the design of PUG has become a hot topic in academic and industry. However, the previous reviews cannot be used as a universal technical manual for industrial applications. There are many technical difficulties in establishing a mature production system, which hinder the large-scale application of PUG for piezoelectric transducers. To enhance the performance of the dynamic matching and power control of PUG, the studies in various PUT applications have been reviewed in this article. Initially, the demand design covering the piezoelectric transducer application and parameter requirements for ultrasonic and electrical signals is overall summarized, and these parameter requirements have been recommended as the technical indicators of developing the new PUG. Then the factors affecting the power conversion circuit design are analyzed systematically to realize the foundational performance improvement of PUG. Furthermore, advantages and limitations of key control technologies have been summarized to provide some different ideas on how to realize automatic resonance tracking and adaptive power adjustment, and to optimize the power control and dynamic matching control. Finally, several research directions of PUG in the future have been prospected.     

Lead-free KNLNT piezoelectric ceramics for high-frequency ultrasonic transducer application

This paper presents the latest development of a lead-free piezoelectric ceramic and its application to transducers suitable for high-frequency ultrasonic imaging. A lead-free piezoelectric ceramic with formula of (K_0.5Na_0.5)_0.97Li_0.03(Nb_0.9 Ta_0.1)O₃ (abbreviated as KNLNT-0.03/0.10) was fabricated and characterized. The material was found to have a clamped dielectric constant ε₃₃^S/ε₀ = 890, piezoelectric coefficient d₃₃ = 245 pC/N, electromechanical coupling factor k_t = 0.42 and Curie temperature T_c > 300 °C. High-frequency (40 MHz) ultrasound transducers were successfully fabricated with the lead-free material. A representative lead-free transducer had a bandwidth of 45%, two-way insertion loss of -18 dB. This performance is comparable to reported performances of popular lead-based transducers. The comparison results suggest that the lead-free piezoelectric material may serve as an alternative to lead-based piezoelectric materials for high-frequency ultrasonic transducer applications.     

一种高灵敏压电平面水声换能器

设计并制作了一种高灵敏压电平面水声换能器。该换能器敏感元件是对1-3-2型压电复合材料结构的改进,即在带基底的压电陶瓷小柱阵列间不注入聚合物,并在其上表面直接覆盖金属板,构成“带基底的压电小柱阵列+金属盖板”结构敏感元件(称为“空气填充型”敏感元件)。对“空气填充型”敏感元件的谐振频率进行了理论计算和有限元仿真,与实测结果较吻合。为便于对比性能,同时制作了同尺寸“1-3-2型压电复合材料+金属盖板”结构敏感元件(称为“聚合物填充型”敏感元件)换能器。分别对“空气填充型”和“聚合物填充型”敏感元件换能器的有效机电耦合系数、发送电压响应和接收灵敏度进行有限元仿真和实测,结果均显示,“空气填充型”敏感元件换能器具有较高的接收灵敏度,相较于“聚合物填充型”敏感元件换能器可提高21 dB。该敏感元件换能器能有效提高灵敏度,可为研制高灵敏换能器提供参考。