一种基于磁饱和变压器的DSRD脉冲电源设计

漂移阶跃恢复二极管（DSRD）具有开关速度快、重频高、工作电流大等优点,在脉冲功率技术中很有应用前景。研究了一种基于磁饱和变压器的DSRD泵浦电路拓扑结构,具有体积小、重量轻、可靠性高等特点。根据DSRD的工作要求,采用功率MOSFET作为初级开关,结合磁饱和变压器的升压和磁开关特性,设计了DSRD的泵浦电路。利用Pspice软件对电路进行了仿真分析,验证了电路原理的正确性。在仿真分析的基础上,完成了一台原理样机的设计和电路实验。实验结果表明,该电源样机在前级充电电压800 V条件下,50 Ω负载上产生的脉冲幅值大于7 kV,前沿小于4.2 ns（10%～90%）,半高宽约10 ns。     

快速关断半导体开关工作特性及实验研究北大核心CSCD

介绍了快速关断半导体开关(DSRD)的工作原理,研究了开关内部的物理过程,分析了系统参数对开关输出特性的影响,研究发现:基区材料的击穿阈值越高、载流子饱和漂移速度越大输出电压上升速率越快;基区高的电场击穿阈值或低的掺杂浓度会增加器件关断时间和最大工作电压;考虑各参数的影响,基于高击穿阈值的DSRD是实现快脉冲输出的理想器件;缩短正向泵浦时间可有效抑制预脉冲,当正向泵浦时间小于200 ns时,输出脉冲波形基本不变;为了获得理想的脉冲前沿,反向电流应在达到峰值时完成对注入电荷的抽取。设计了单前级开关的DSRD泵浦电路,研制了基于DSRD的快脉冲产生系统,输出脉冲前沿约4 ns,电压约8 kV,电压上升速率约2 kV/ns,满足FID开关器件对触发电压的要求。     

高功率激光装置中超快电脉冲发生器的研究

报导了一种基于雪崩晶体管和阶跃恢复二极管的超快前沿、低触发晃动方波电脉冲产生技术.利用雪崩晶体管的电触发雪崩导通特性得到脉冲主体,再用阶跃恢复二极管的超快阶跃恢复特性对脉冲前沿整形,从而得到输出脉冲幅度23 V、输出阻抗50Ω、脉冲前沿小于160 ps的方波脉冲,脉冲触发晃动小于4.5 ps(rms),脉冲宽度5 ns,幅度稳定性优于3%,顶部不平坦度优于5%.该脉冲发生器在“神光Ⅲ”高功率激光原型装置前端系统中获得成功应用.     

非线性传输线在DSRD脉冲电源中的应用

加速器技术的发展,对注入引出系统的kicker脉冲电源提出了新的技术要求。注入引出系统冲击磁铁不仅要求脉冲电压高,底宽达到ns量级,还对波形的稳定性和前后残余电压有很高要求。漂移阶跃恢复二极管（DSRD）因其速度快、工作电流大等优点,在ns级脉冲电源中应用前景广泛,但其工作过程中会存在预脉冲等使脉冲波形偏离理想形态的因素。基于一种已有的DSRD脉冲电源,使用非线性传输线对脉冲进行整形,同时对脉冲的前后边沿进行锐化,缩短脉冲边沿的时间,大幅减小脉冲前后的残余电压,提高电源的性能。完成了一台电源样机的设计和实验,实验结果表明,该样机在50Ω负载上产生的脉冲幅值约10 kV,前后边沿时间（10%～90%）约2 ns,底宽（3%～3%）小于8 ns。     

高功率半导体开关DSRD的物理特性及应用

超宽带（UWB）脉冲具有反隐身和较强抗干扰能力，因其在目标识别与探测、高分辨率成像中而显出的优点成为国内外多年来研究的热门课题。如何使设计的超宽带脉冲源具有输出功率大、体积小、重量轻、长寿命、高可靠等优点，成为其重要的研究方向和研究内容。在超宽带脉冲源中，产生从皮秒到纳秒超宽带脉冲的关键电子元件是开关。半导体开关具有体积小、重量轻、长寿命、高可靠等特点。目前快速发展中的基于雪崩效应的雪崩晶体管组件在短时间小于10^-8S内不仅能实现几十到几百千伏的高电压输出，而且能实现兆瓦（MW）量级的高功率输出，因此这种发展中的新型高功率、高电压半导体开关DSRD在超宽带雷达中具有广泛的发展空间和应用前景。     

飞秒激光与透明介质的相互作用

随着飞秒(1fs=1×10-15s)激光技术的不断成熟,飞秒激光器不但在实验室能产生小于10fs的光脉冲,啁啾放大后的飞秒光脉冲的聚焦峰值功率密度可达到1021W/cm2以上,而且飞秒激光系统已实现全固体、小型化结构,其稳定性和可靠性大大提高,因此在科学技术研究中的应用越来越广.文章重点介绍飞秒激光的主要特性和它与透明介质[如熔融石英、光学玻璃、对激光透明的高分子聚合物(PMMA)等]的相互作用过程,分析它们之间的非线性相互作用过程引起的材料特性或结构变化的物理机制和可能的应用,尤其在高密度大容量三维存储和微光子器件制造等方面的应用可能性.     

HEPS在轴注入冲击器系统及快脉冲电源样机研制

高能同步辐射光源(HEPS)是我国计划建造的下一代基于储存环的高亮度光源,束流自然发射度已经接近衍射极限。作为典型的低发射度储存环(LER),HEPS的动力学孔径远小于物理孔径,传统的离轴累积注入已经无法满足要求,只能采用基于strip-line kicker的在轴注入方案。为了实现逐束团操控,HEPS要求注入kicker脉冲电源底宽(3%~3%) < 10 ns,半高宽(50%~50%)>4.5 ns,幅度>±17.5 kV(50 Ω负载),重复频率>50 Hz。高能同步辐射光源验证装置(HEPS-TF)工程研制了一台基于DSRD的双极性快脉冲电源性能样机,在50 Ω负载上可以获得上升时间(10%~90%) < 2.6 ns,下降时间(90%~10%) < 3.2 ns,半高宽(50%~50%)>5 ns,底宽(3%~3%) < 10 ns,幅度>±18 kV的脉冲高压,可以满足HEPS注入基准方案——在轴置换注入的要求。     

超宽带近红外和蓝光飞秒激光脉冲产生的实验研究

增益介质中泵浦光束提供的软光阑效应对于实现克尔透镜稳定锁模及其超宽带光谱脉冲的产生具有非常重要的作用.实验上首先对半导体泵浦全固化钛宝石飞秒激光器的锁模动态特性进行了研究,在4 W绿光泵浦状态下获得了平均输出功率为570 mW、中心波长在794 nm～835 nm范围内调谐、光谱带宽最大可达135 nm的近红外光脉冲输出,其相应的时域变换极限脉冲宽度均小于10 fs.另外,将光束聚焦在超薄BBO晶体上,获得了中心波长在418 nm～429 nm之间调谐、光谱宽带时域变换极限小于15 fs的蓝光飞秒脉冲.     

墙体对微波脉冲的衰减特性

 研究墙体对微波脉冲的衰减特性，测量了微波脉冲垂直入射墙体后的脉冲信号，经过计算得到普通砖混墙、普通钢筋混凝土墙、钢筋网混凝土墙对窄带微波和超宽带微波的衰减值；分析了微波脉冲穿越不同墙体的频谱变化。研究结果表明，普通钢筋混凝土墙和普通砖混墙对窄带微波脉冲的衰减为0.342～0.699 dB/cm，对超宽带信号的衰减为0.134～0.183 dB/cm。钢筋网混凝土墙（厚65 cm）对超宽带信号的衰减较大（29.07～45.79 dB），同时使穿透墙体的超宽带信号频率分布向高频位移。     

某型通信电台超宽带辐照效应

为了研究通信装备受超宽带电磁脉冲干扰的影响规律,对某型通信电台开展了超宽带电磁脉冲辐照效应实验。研究发现:在场强为50 kV/m,脉冲下降沿小于1 ns、脉宽小于2 ns的超宽带辐射场下,受试电台出现显示屏显示异常,造成该效应的电磁能量耦合通道为电台显示面板;增大超宽带辐射场至150 kV/m时,短波电台出现显示屏显示异常、死机、重启、声音中断（调谐后恢复）等效应;超宽带脉冲对通信电台的效应只与辐射场强度有关,不存在累积,造成这些效应的电磁能量耦合通道为电台显示面板和供电电源线。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.