热敏显色微胶囊的制备与表征

热敏显色微胶囊是用于传真、条形码系统、医用图像、各种打印等领域的重要材料,它是一种内部含有染料隐色体的球形胶囊。染料隐色体是一种内酯结构的无色染料,在一定条件下,与显色剂发生显色反应。由于染料隐色体的化学惰性不够理想,易受外界因素的干扰,因而在应用中受到一定限制,所以为了克服其存在的不足,常将其微胶囊化。微胶囊的芯壁结构可以将芯材与外界隔离,提高芯材的稳定性,同时保留芯材原有的化学性质。当环境温度在微胶囊的玻璃化温度以上时,由于形成微胶囊壁的物质透过性显著增加,因此显色成分接触而发生显色反应。本文利用界面聚合法,以聚乙烯醇为保护胶体,曲拉通X-100为表面活性剂,聚氨酯为壁材,染料隐色体为芯材,合成了聚氨酯热敏显色微胶囊。研究了三个主要因素对微胶囊的粒径及其分布、表面形貌和热敏显色性能的影响。结果表明,增大保护胶体浓度,提高乳化速度,增加乳化剂用量,微胶囊的平均粒径变小,粒径分布变窄,表面变得光滑而且致密,具有较高的热敏显色密度。利用红外光谱仪确认了微胶囊的结构,在最优条件下,所制备的微胶囊玻璃化温度为131 ℃,并具有良好的热稳定性。     

微胶囊化石蜡的制备和热性能

微胶囊化石蜡的制备和热性能;微胶囊;原位聚合法;相变材料;差示扫描量热法     

高分辨热敏微胶囊信息材料及其影像特性

利用界面聚合法制备了亚微米级染料前体微胶囊和显色剂微胶囊,探讨了显影条件、囊壁材料用量与影像密度之间的关系．分析表明显影温度、显影时间、囊壁材料用量共同影响影像密度,显影温度决定了囊壁的渗透能力,显影时间决定了显色反应程度,而囊壁材料用量决定了囊壁厚度进而影响影像密度．得到最佳显影温度区间为130℃-140℃,最佳显影时间为5s．     

光致变色微胶囊的制备与性能

以蜜胺树脂为壁材、光致变色材料为芯材,采用原位聚合法制备了具有光致变色性能的微胶囊.研究了三聚氰胺/甲醛摩尔比、壁材与芯材的用量比、乳化剂浓度等因素对微胶囊形貌及性能的影响.在最佳工艺条件下制备的变色微胶囊,在日光和紫外光下具有快速、可逆的光致变色性能.     

细粒径石蜡微胶囊相变材料的制备与性能

采用阳离子和非离子复配乳化剂,通过原位聚合制备以丙烯酸酯为壁材,石蜡为芯材的细粒径微胶囊相变材料.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热(DSC)、热重(TG)及激光粒度仪分析表征了微胶囊相变材料的化学结构、表面形貌和热性能.结果表明,乳化剂的种类和壁材单体的配比对微胶囊性能有重要的影响.当采用阳离子和非离子复配乳化剂,壁材中单体甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)与丙烯酸(AA)的质量比为9∶1时,微胶囊相变材料呈球形且表面光滑紧凑,尺寸仅为0.2~0.35μm,具有良好的储热能力,相变潜热高达169 J/g;微胶囊中壁材对石蜡芯材的分解具有明显热阻滞作用,分解温度比纯石蜡提高了150℃.     

石蜡相变微胶囊的制备与表征

采用复乳交联法制备了以相变石蜡为芯材、壳聚糖为壁材的新型储能相变微胶囊。 此相变微胶囊具有很高的相变焓值（可达110 J/g以上）,并且可以根据具体需要改变芯材的温度;TGA研究表明,该相变微胶囊具有很好的热稳定性,在150 ℃以下可以稳定存在;由于壳材料进行了化学交联反应,使得该相变微胶囊具有很好溶剂稳定性,可以在水、乙醇和乙醚等常见溶剂中稳定存在。     

硬脂酸丁酯微胶囊的制备与表征

采用原位聚合法用脲醛树脂包覆硬脂酸丁酯,制得相变储热微胶囊.利用激光粒径分布仪、扫描电镜、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和傅立叶转换红外光谱仪分别研究了微胶囊的粒径分布、表面形态、热性能和壳结构.结果表明,所得微胶囊粒径分布均匀,表面光洁,具有良好的韧性和致密性.不同的制备工艺对微胶囊粒径分布有一定的影响,其中在28 000 r/m in下乳化5 m in时,所得微胶囊的粒径分布集中在1~4μm.DSC测定结果显示硬脂酸丁酯微胶囊的最大相变焓为68 J/g.     

石蜡微胶囊的制备

针对太阳能利用以及一些蓄热场合,通过示差扫描量热法（DSC）选取了合适的石蜡,以脲醛树脂为囊壁,采用原位聚合法制备了石蜡一脲醛树脂微胶囊,拟将此微胶囊添加到上述应用场合的传热流体中,提高传热流体的热容。实验结果表明,乳化剂OP更适合于熔点60℃石蜡微胶囊的制备。     

n-C20@TiO2-x相变微胶囊及其调温羽绒的制备与性能

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了以二氧化钛(TiO₂)为壳材、正二十烷(n-C₂₀)为芯材的相变微胶囊n-C₂₀@TiO₂,利用水合肼(N₂H₄·H₂O)溶液对其外壳TiO₂进行还原反应得到了微胶囊n-C₂₀@TiO_2-x,随后以水性聚氨酯(WPU)为介质,将羽绒(DF)与n-C₂₀@TiO_2-x结合制得蓄热调温羽绒n-C₂₀@TiO_2-x/DF.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)等对相变微胶囊及n-C₂₀@TiO_2-x/DF的形貌结构和热性能进行表征.结果表明,n-C₂₀@TiO_2-x粒径约为...     

石墨烯/正十八烷微胶囊的制备与及其热性能研究

以石墨烯/正十八烷为芯材,三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛树脂(MUF)为壁材,苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)为乳化剂,采用乳液聚合法制备相变微胶囊.系统研究了石墨烯对于正十八烷微胶囊性能的影响.采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱分析仪(FTIR)、拉曼光谱仪、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、Hot Disk热常数分析仪、示差扫描量热仪(DSC)和热重分析仪(TGA)对相变微胶囊的外貌形态、晶型结构和热性能进行表征和分析.结果表明,微胶囊呈圆球形且光滑,粒径约为1~30μm.当石墨烯添加量为0.1 g时,微胶囊的形貌无明显变化.当加入过量石墨烯时,微胶囊出现了明显的团聚现象.XRD测试表明,包覆于微胶囊中的石墨烯没有使微胶囊的结晶峰位置发生明显的偏移,这对于微胶囊的实际应用是有利的.微胶囊的相变热焓和包覆率随着石墨烯的加入而不断减小,但芯材的过冷现象得到了明显的改善.石墨烯对于微胶囊传热性能的提升有着显著的效果.当石墨烯的添加量为0.2 g时,微胶囊的导热系数为0.092 W·m-1·K-1,与纯微胶囊相比提高了约51%,这说明石墨烯改善了传统相变微胶囊的传热性能,提升了相变微胶囊的应用性能.     

可逆热色性化合物的研究进展

本文就可逆热色性化合物的研究现状和发展趋势进行了评述, 着重介绍了可逆热色性化合物的类别、变色原理及应用等。     

顺铂温敏载药粒子的制备表征

制备了顺铂温敏载药纳米粒子，表征其相关性质并考察不同温度下对体外肿瘤细胞的生长抑制作用。制备的两亲嵌段聚合物在水溶液中自发形成胶束结构并包裹顺铂，测定顺铂载药粒子的结构、形态、粒径及包封率、载药量、晶体状态等特性，并对顺铂的体外释放以及不同细胞系体外毒性也做了研究。载药粒子粒径为83.3 ± 4.3 nm，载药量为37.8%，包封率为77.8%。血清中相变温度39.3 ℃。载药颗粒在单纯化疗时细胞抑制率较小，加热后抑制作用明显增加(P<0.01)，与游离药物相近(P>0.5)。顺铂载药纳米粒子具有较好的温控特性，为顺铂在肿瘤热靶向治疗中的应用提供了一条新的途径。     

壳聚糖微囊的部分特性研究

以壳聚糖为主要材料,制备壳聚糖微囊。微囊直径在０．５－０．８ｍｍ间,微囊在ｐＨ４－１１的缓冲液中稳定,能耐受３０００ｒ／ｍｉｎ离心３０ｍｉｎ以上。用牛血清白和蛋白γ－球蛋白测其通透性,表明随着微囊所在溶液ｐＨ的升高,微囊通透性降低。壳聚糖的分子量在一定范围内对微囊通透性几乎无影响而脱乙酰度对通透笥影响很大。     

Application of New Energy Thermochromic Composite Thermosensitive Materials of Smart Windows in Recent Years

Thermochromic smart windows technology can intelligently regulate indoor solar radiation by changing indoor light transmittance in response to thermal stimulation, thus reducing energy consumption of the building. In recent years, with the development of new energy-saving materials and the combination with practical technology, energy-saving smart windows technology has received more and more attention from scientific research. Based on the summary of thermochromic smart windows by Yi Long research groups, this review described the applications of thermal responsive organic materials in smart windows, including poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) hydrogels, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) hydrogels, ionic liquids and liquid crystals. Besides, the mechanism of various organic materials and the properties of functional materials were also introduced. Finally, opportunities and challenges relating to thermochromic smart windows and prospects for future development are discussed.     

Thermosensitive and Dissolution Properties in Nanocomposite Polymer Hydrogels

We investigate the phase transition behavior and dissolution resistant properties of thermo‐sensitive nanocomposite hydrogels made from PEO‐PPO‐PEO triblock copolymer (Pluronic F127) and Laponite silicate nanoparticles. The rapid dissolution properties of F127 copolymer hydrogels usually limit their use as sustained release drug carriers. We overcome this limitation by synergistic combination of nanoparticle gelation characteristics with polymer thermo‐sensitivity. We present a proof of concept that the temperature‐dependent phase transitions can be shifted as a function of hydrogel composition and that the dissolution of the polymer hydrogels as well as the release of a model drug, albumin, can be significantly slowed down by addition of nanoparticles. The dissolution resistant properties generated will prove useful in the future formulation, processing and application of our polymer hydrogels for sustained release drug delivery carriers.

     

Preparation and Characterization of Thermosensitive Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery

In this study, we have reported novel thermosensitive nanoparticles formulated by an emulsion-solvent evaporation technique using acetaminophen (AAP) as a model drug. The high entrapment efficiency of nanoparticles was 68.56%, particle size about 240.6 nm and zeta potential ?27 mV. Furthermore, the drug release was also investigated both at 37°C and 42°C, respectively. The goal of our study was to obtain a targeted drug delivery system, exploiting the temperature-sensitive behavior. In contrary to normal temperature (37°C), the release rate of AAP was found to noticeably increase at high temperature (42°C) with a larger cumulative amount of drug released. In this way, it would lead to production of nanoparticles having a high thermosensitive behavior on drug release. Thus, this new strategy has the potential to control drug release at the diseased site for targeted drug delivery system (TDDS) with positive temperature-controlled.     

Mechanochemical Synthesis and Temperature‐Dependent Optical Properties of Thermochromic (Ag1−xCux)2HgI4

Thermochromic materials are generally synthesized via high‐temperature melting reaction or solution‐based synthesis. Herein, all‐inorganic thermochromic compounds of (Ag_1?xCu_x)₂HgI₄ were synthesized by solvent‐free simple and scalable mechanochemical grinding at room temperature. Temperature‐dependent electronic absorption spectroscopy along with DSC analysis confirmed the thermochromic events within these materials, and the phase transition temperature varied with solid solution compositions. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra is red‐shifted with the increase in the Cu content in (Ag_1?xCu_x)₂HgI₄ (x=0–1).     

Preparation of Uniform Microspheres and Microcapsules by Modified Emulsification Process

Summary: Uniform microspheres and microcapsules have been prepared by developing a direct membrane emulsification technique from O/W, W/O and W/O/W emulsions in previous studies, and have been applied in bio-separation and drug delivery systems. The diameter can be controlled from several microns to above 100 microns. However, smaller microsphere with submicron size, especially from W/O/W emulsion was difficult to be prepared. In this article, a modified emulsification technique was developed to overcome the problem. That is, a pre-emulsion (W/O or W/O/W) with broad size distribution of droplets was prepared firstly by homogenization, sonification or mechanical stirring method, then the pre-emulsion was pressed through the uniform pores of a Shirasu Porous Glass (SPG) membrane to obtain relatively uniform smaller droplets, finally the droplets were solidified to form uniform microsphere or microcapsule. Uniform chitosan microsphere and poly(lactic-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microcapsule with submicron size were prepared from W/O and W/O/W emulsions, respectively. Further more, uniform polymer-magnetite microcapsule was prepared by combining this technique and a new post-precipitation process of magnetite.