Using a DEA-cross efficiency approach in public procurement tenders

The paper addresses the topic of supplier selection in public procurement. According to European directives, when tenders are awarded through the “Most Economically Advantageous Tender” (MEAT) criterion, the awarding committee has to decide the tender evaluation criteria of the presented bids in advance. The authors propose a decision making tool that is aimed at helping the awarding committee in this difficult task and, at the same time, maintaining a transparent procedure in accordance with governmental procurement regulations and requirements as well as guaranteeing fair and equal evaluation of all bids. In this regard, the decision problem of supplier selection is addressed by applying an extension of the DEA (data envelopment analysis) methodology. The cross-efficiency evaluation is used for selecting the best supplier among the eligible candidates. The proposed technique allows the evaluation of quantitative data related to vendor selection and keeps the transparency features requested by public procurement. In addition, all bids are equally assessed according to the same objectively defined weights without any subjective setting by the public officers. The effectiveness and efficiency of the approach is supported by a case study that pertains to the tender of an Italian public agency.     

指派问题在供应商选优决策中的应用

通常供应链中供应商选优问题为多指标决策问题,本将此问题视为指派问题。指派问题中的关键是确定“效率”矩阵,本充分利用供应商单排序结果,评价指标权重以及供应商指标评价值构造了“效率”矩阵,建立了供应商综合选优指派问题模型,案例试算表明该方法合理、有效,为多指标方案决策提供了又一种可行的决策方法。     

基于对偶犹豫模糊语言变量的多属性决策方法

首先定义了对偶犹豫模糊语言变量,然后给出其运算规则、得分值函数、精确值函数、比较规则以及对偶犹豫模糊语言变量的加权算术平均算子、有序加权算术平均算子和混合平均算子。针对属性值为对偶犹豫模糊语言变量的多属性决策问题,提出了一种基于对偶犹豫模糊语言变量集结算子的多属性决策方法。最后,结合国家电网公司合作单位选择问题,验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

考虑可信度的犹豫模糊多属性决策方法研究

为深入研究犹豫环境下多属性决策问题,提高决策的科学性和准确性,本文在已有研究成果的基础上,充分考虑犹豫模糊集中隶属度函数的差异性对决策结果的影响。论文引入了专家可信度的思想对犹豫模糊信息进行集成,将一组数值转化为一个数值,进而实现犹豫模糊信息的对比研究,以此构建了一种考虑可信度的犹豫模糊多属性决策方法。最后,论文以汽车零部件供应商选择问题为例,验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于距离测度及支持度的混合评价信息供应商选择决策

新零售模式的推进迫使企业不断加强供应链节点上的供应商选择优化,是企业新时代发展面临的新课题。针对供应商选择优化提出一种基于距离测度及支持度的群决策方法,根据不同类型属性评价信息的距离测度定义,得到不同决策者之间关于单一属性指标的相互支持度,从而确定单个供应商各属性的群体综合评价值,并采用灰关联法对备选供应商进行排序择优。     

一种区间Pythagorean模糊VIKOR多属性群决策方法

针对属性信息为区间Pythagorean模糊集且属性权重和专家权重均未知的一类群决策问题, 结合信息熵理论, 提出了一种区间Pythagorean模糊VIKOR多属性群决策方法。首先定义一种新的区间Pythagorean模糊距离测度, 并讨论其性质。其次基于该距离测度定义了区间Pythagorean模糊相对距离指数, 并基于相对距离指数构建了一种熵权模型确定专家权重和属性权重。然后提出一种区间Pythagorean模糊VIKOR多属性群决策方法。最后通过企业生产方案选择案例说明了提出新方法的可行性与有效性。     

考虑可信度和优先级的对偶犹豫模糊多属性决策在绿色审计中的应用研究

针对目前专家和属性对于方案比选的重要性致使企业迫切需要将其定量化分析的问题,以及企业环境行为中公司需要承担环保责任,在绿色采购方面要将环境属性引入供应商比选标准的问题,本文提出了考虑专家可信度和属性优先级的对偶犹豫模糊多属性决策方法,将专家对于该领域的熟悉程度及所选属性的重要程度融入到供应商的绿色评估指标定量化分析与评选中。结合对偶犹豫模糊集的隶属度与非隶属度,给出了对偶犹豫模糊熵值、混合平均算子和混合几何算子的计算模型与该方法模型的具体步骤,通过对某企业绿色审计在内的四种属性进行评估来选择最佳供应商的实例,验证了此模型的可行性和有效性。     

采购量分配决策模糊规划模型

供应商对形成企业的竞争力起着关键性的作用。采购决策中,采购商需要决策两方面的问题:应该选择哪些供应商以及在每一供应商应该采购多少。本文考虑了多目标性和目标的模糊性,同时为供应商选择和采购量分配提出了一个集成的决策模型。最后,通过一个算例阐释了该模型。     

一种新型风险型多指标决策方法研究

传统的风险型多指标决策模型没有考虑决策者对风险的态度,而决策者对风险的态度会影响决策的结果,针对这一问题文章在累积前景理论与灰色关联方法的基础上,提出一种考虑决策者风险偏好的风险型多指标决策的方法.该方法首先利用极差化法对风险决策矩阵进行规范化处理,并在此基础上构造出最优与最劣方案;然后利用累积前景理论与灰色关联方法构建前景值函数,并给出利用灰色关联思想确定指标权重的方法与步骤;最终求出各个方案的综合前景值并进行排序选优.通过某电信运营商对管道资源建设方案选择的实例分析说明了方法的可行性与有效性.     

A QFD-based fuzzy MCDM approach for supplier selection

Supplier selection is a highly important multi-criteria group decision making problem, which requires a trade-off between multiple criteria exhibiting vagueness and imprecision with the involvement of a group of experts. In this paper, a fuzzy multi-criteria group decision making approach that makes use of the quality function deployment (QFD) concept is developed for supplier selection process. The proposed methodology initially identifies the features that the purchased product should possess in order to satisfy the company’s needs, and then it seeks to establish the relevant supplier assessment criteria. Moreover, the proposed algorithm enables to consider the impacts of inner dependence among supplier assessment criteria. The upper and the lower bounds of the weights of supplier assessment criteria and ratings of suppliers are computed by using the fuzzy weighted average (FWA) method. The FWA method allows for the fusion of imprecise and subjective information expressed as linguistic variables or fuzzy numbers. The method produces less imprecise and more realistic overall desirability levels, and thus it rectifies the problem of loss of information. A fuzzy number ranking method that is based on area measurement is used to obtain the final ranking of suppliers. The computational procedure of the proposed framework is illustrated through a supplier selection problem reported in an earlier study.     

Configurable offers and winner determination in multi-attribute auctions

The theory of procurement auctions traditionally assumes that the offered quantity and quality is fixed prior to source selection. Multi-attribute reverse auctions allow negotiation over price and qualitative attributes such as color, weight, or delivery time. They promise higher market efficiency through a more effective information exchange of buyer’s preferences and supplier’s offerings. This paper focuses on a number of winner determination problems in multi-attribute auctions. Previous work assumes that multi-attribute bids are described as attribute value pairs and that the entire demand is purchased from a single supplier. Our contribution is twofold: First, we will analyze the winner determination problem in case of multiple sourcing. Second, we will extend the concept of multi-attribute auctions to allow for configurable offers. Configurable offers enable suppliers to specify multiple values and price markups for each attribute. In addition, suppliers can define configuration and discount rules in form of propositional logic statements. These extensions provide suppliers with more flexibility in the specification of their bids and allow for an efficient information exchange among market participants. We will present MIP formulations for the resulting allocation problems and an implementation.     

基于三参数区间数群决策的第三方物流服务商选择方法研究

对第三方物流服务质量评价与选择属于多属性的群决策问题.为解决传统物流服务商的选择和评价中专家主观性问题,提出了基于三参数区间数群决策的第三方物流服务商选择方法.分析了三参数区间数的概念,对三参数区间数运用偏差函数确定决策专家的权重,根据三参数区间数偏好序概率矩阵和权重,求解第三方物流服务商的排序问题.最后通过实例验证了三参数区间数群决策算法的有效性和可行性.     

Optimizing product assortment under customer-driven demand substitution

The problem of product assortment and inventory planning under customer-driven demand substitution is analyzed and a mathematical model for this problem is provided in this paper. Realistic issues in a retail context such as supplier selection, shelf space constraints, and poor quality procurement are also taken into account. The performance of three modified models, one that neglects customers’ substitution behavior, another that excludes supplier selection decision, and one that ignores shelf space limitations, are analyzed separately with computational experiments. The results of the analysis demonstrate that neglecting customer-driven substitution or excluding supplier selection or ignoring shelf space limitations may lead to significantly inefficient assortments. The effects of demand variability and substitution cost on optimal assortment and supplier selection decisions as well as on the optimal revenue are also investigated. The main contribution of this paper is the development of a practical and flexible model to aid retailers in finding optimal assortments to maximize the expected profit.     

高校图书馆书刊采访决策支持系统

在指出高校图书馆书刊采访科学决策重要性的基础上,分析影响书刊采访决策的基本因素,提出一种科学的书刊采访决策模式.建立了图书供应商选择、采购经费分配、书刊选购决策的数学模型,进而给出书刊采访决策支持系统的设计方案.该系统的应用可提高图书采访质量.     

A fuzzy closeness approach to fuzzy multi-attribute decision making

The aim of this paper is to develop a new fuzzy closeness (FC) methodology for multi-attribute decision making (MADM) in fuzzy environments, which is an important research field in decision science and operations research. The TOPSIS method based on an aggregating function representing “closeness to the ideal solution” is one of the well-known MADM methods. However, while the highest ranked alternative by the TOPSIS method is the best in terms of its ranking index, this does not mean that it is always the closest to the ideal solution. Furthermore, the TOPSIS method presumes crisp data while fuzziness is inherent in decision data and decision making processes, so that fuzzy ratings using linguistic variables are better suited for assessing decision alternatives. In this paper, a new FC method for MADM under fuzzy environments is developed by introducing a multi-attribute ranking index based on the particular measure of closeness to the ideal solution, which is developed from the fuzzy weighted Minkowski distance used as an aggregating function in a compromise programming method. The FC method of compromise ranking determines a compromise solution, providing a maximum “group utility” for the “majority” and a minimum individual regret for the “opponent”. A real example of a personnel selection problem is examined to demonstrate the implementation process of the method proposed in this paper.     

基于交叉熵和Shapley值的犹豫模糊多属性决策方法

针对属性值以犹豫模糊集形式给出的多属性决策问题,将Shapley理论和模糊测度进行结合,提出了两种更加能全面融合信息的诱导型广义犹豫模糊混合Shapley平均(I-GHFHSA)算子和诱导型广义犹豫模糊混合Shapley几何(I-GHFHSG)算子,同时详细研究了它们的相关特性。这两种算子综合考虑了数据不同组合的重要性、数据间的关联性,以及数据位置之间的相互依赖性。考虑到有时会存在属性权重以及数据位置权重未知的多属性决策问题,将交叉熵理论和Shapley函数进行结合,建立了最优模糊测度确定模型。最后提出了一种基于I-GHFHSA算子和I-GHFHSG算子的犹豫模糊多属性决策方法,并通过实际案例验证了其可行性和合理性。     

基于模糊需求的多产品供应商选择的多目标规划模型

由决策于环境的不确定性,供应商选择问题存在大量的模糊信息,传统的确定性规划模型已经不能够很好地处理此类问题。本文基于模糊需求量信息,对于多产品供应商问题建立了模糊多目标规划模型。同时考虑到各目标及约束的重要性程度不同的影响,通过引进适当的权重对多目标规划模型进行求解。文中结合实际算例验证模型的可行性和有效性。     

基于偏差的不确定型多属性决策的综合集成方法

对不确定型条件下的多属性决策问题,规范化后的区间数能消除属性值之间量纲的差异,建立了相离度偏差、中间值偏差和理想方案偏差计算公式,构建了以总偏差平方和为目标函数的综合集成优化模型,求解出各属性的客观权重,提出了一种客观属性权重的可能度法,为不确定型多属性决策提供了一种简单实用的可靠方法.最后通过一个算例说明了该方法的实用性和有效性.     

An integrated FCM and fuzzy soft set for supplier selection problem based on risk evaluation

Supplier selection problem, considered as a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem, is one of the most important issues for firms. Lots of literatures about it have been emitted since 1960s. However, research on supplier selection under operational risks is limited. What’s more, the criteria used by most of them are independent, which usually does not correspond with the real world. Although the analytic network process (ANP) has been proposed to deal with the problems above, several problems make the method impractical. This study first integrates the fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) and fuzzy soft set model for solving the supplier selection problem. This method not only considers the dependent and feedback effect among criteria, but also considers the uncertainties on decision making process. Finally, a case study of supplier selection considering risk factors is given to demonstrate the proposed method’s effectiveness.     

模糊环境下动态供应商选择的混合整数非线性规划模型

基于供应商选择问题的动态性和模糊性,考虑在每个周期内生产商的需求能力及供应商的供应能力为模糊变量,本文将一个多阶段多商品多渠道的供应商选择问题视为一个0-1混合整数模糊动态非线性规划问题,目标函数为总成本最小化。然后建立了0-1混合整数模糊动态非线性规划模型。为了求解该模型,通过可信性理论把模型中模糊机会约束清晰化,将该模型转化为一个确定型的0-1混合整数动态非线性规划模型。最后给出了一个数值算例验证了模型的可行性。