过渡金属原子与一氧化碳作用对C—O伸缩振动的红外和拉曼光谱强度的影响

采用杂化密度泛函方法计算了过渡金属M-CO分子的基态几何结构和谱学性质。计算结果表明C—O伸缩振动的红外强度明显比M-C和弯曲振动模的红外强度大;C—O伸缩振动有最大的拉曼散射因子,且第四周期和Cu族金属的M-CO分子的C—O伸缩振动的拉曼散射因子明显比其他过渡金属的大。     

双酚A和双酚A二缩水甘油醚振动谱的理论和实验比较分析

利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算,本文研究双酚A(BPA)和双酚A二缩水甘油醚(EDGEBA)分子的结构和振动性质,分析了两种分子红外活性和拉曼活性特征振动的频率和对称性。计算结果表明,BPA分子的拉曼散射峰基本归属于对位取代苯的骨架振动,500~1600cm-1红外强度较强;对于DGEBA分子环氧基团指纹区的特征振动频率为860,930,1123,1260cm-1,其红外光谱强度较大,可用于DGEBA类树脂固化反应过程监控;1260cm1附近的振动模,其拉曼散射强度较高,可成为拉曼光谱研究固化反应过程的特征振动。而1160cm-1附近的振动属于芳香环的特征振动,强度基本不变。     

对炔基苯硫酚在银纳米粒子上的SERS光谱理论研究

对炔基苯硫酚分子吸附在银纳米粒子上表现出较强的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)信号。本文采用密度泛函理论(DFT)对炔基在银纳米粒子上不同吸附方式以及振动光谱进行了计算分析。研究结果表明,当炔基与金属之间有相互作用时,C≡C键伸缩振动的频率红移,拉曼强度显著增强。同时也从分子与金属作用角度初步探讨了实验所观测谱线宽度增宽的现象。此外,通过含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)进一步研究了吸附分子与金属之间的电荷转移性质,并分析了其预共振拉曼光谱。该工作初步建立了在银表面上炔键的吸附构型与SERS光谱之间的关系。     

基于分子对接的类二恶英类多氯联苯的拉曼光谱增强

为了从分子结构角度找到可以增强类二恶英类多氯联苯（PCBs）的拉曼光谱振动强度的结构变量,利用密度泛函理论（DFT）在B3LYP/6-31G（d）水平下对13种类PCBs结构进行优化,通过分子对接技术提取13种PCBs与联苯双加氧酶（Bpha,PDB：3GZX）对接后的PCBs分子结构,并计算了气态环境下对接前后PCBs分子的拉曼光谱振动强度和频率。研究结果表明：13种PCBs的拉曼振动归属为苯环变形、C-C伸缩、C-H摇摆、C-H伸缩以及各种形式的耦合,其中拉曼光谱频率在1 632.77~1 652.06 cm^-1之间的振动最强,苯环变形为特征振动;对接后PCBs的二面角大小有明显的改变,导致拉曼振动强度提高2.9%~213.98%,频率在1 631.57~1 651.94 cm^-1之间的拉曼峰整体发生蓝移,二面角大小与拉曼振动强度呈现一定程度的线性关系,随二面角逐渐减小,拉曼振动增强。实验结果表明,可通过调整PCBs的二面角大小达到提升PCBs辨识灵敏度的目的,并为PCBs拉曼光谱检测提供理论依据。     

D-荧光素的结构和振动光谱的理论研究

采用密度泛函的B3LYP和B3PW91方法在6-311++G**基组水平上全优化了D-荧光素分子的平衡构型和振动光谱。采用标度量子力学力场(SQM)方法研究了D-荧光素分子的振动光谱。为了详细分析振动模式的贡献,定义了分子的局域内坐标,用改编的分子振动计算程序组将计算的笛卡尔坐标力常数转换成了局域内坐标力常数。用GF矩阵方法进行了简正坐标分析,获得了振动频率和势能分布(PEDs)。根据PEDs对所有的振动模式进行了指认。结果表明,在红外光谱中,所有振动模式均有红外活性,其中吸收强度最强的峰的振动频率为1 780 cm-1,吸收强度为507 KM·mol-1,根据计算所得的PEDs矩阵,可以清楚的看出该振动吸收峰主要由羧基C₂₁O₂₂双键伸缩振动所贡献,其PEDs为93%。在拉曼光谱中,D-荧光素分子的所有振动模式也表现出了拉曼活性,振动频率在1 200～1 700 cm-1范围的吸收峰具有较强的拉曼活性。其中吸收强度最强的吸收峰的频率为1 573 cm-1,吸收强度为297 KM·mol-1,是五元环CN键的伸缩振动所贡献。结果可为进一步研究荧光素衍生物的结构、发光活性提供一定的理论依据。     

Pt-CO分子1∑+态的π反馈键与拉曼光谱强度的量子化学研究

采用量子化学方法ＨＦ和Ｂ３ＬＹＰ计算了Ｐｔ－ＣＯ的＾１∑＾＋电子基态的电子结构屯Ｐｔ－Ｃ和Ｃ－Ｏ伸缩振动的拉曼光谱性质，计算结果表明ｄ→２π反馈与Ｐｔ－Ｃ和Ｃ－Ｏ伸缩振动的频率相关。拉曼谱强度理论分析表明人射光频率显著影响计算Ｒａｍａｎ光谱强度。     

四氯化碳费米共振的拉曼光谱研究

费米共振现象是一种广泛存在于分子振动光谱中的现象,特别是结构比较复杂的多原子分子.在多原子分子中当振动倍频或组合频位于某一基频附近,由于发生振动耦合,会出现两个新峰,峰的位置向两侧发生移动,二者谱线强度发生变化,把这种现象称为费米共振.费米共振现象不仅存在于红外光谱中,也存在于拉曼光谱中.文章中测量了CCl4的拉曼光谱,利用所得到的谱线峰位和用Originpro7.5软件程序获得积分强度,用费米共振的相关理论计算了C-Cl的a1对称伸缩振动频率v1与C-Cl2的f对称弯曲振动频率v4的组合频(v1 v4)与(某一未知基频)C-Cl的f对称伸缩振动频率v03的费米共振特征参数,进而计算出了耦合系数W和这一未知基频v03.该文对理解费米共振,了解分子振动频率,研究分子结构有很重要的参考价值.     

尿素和尿素—Fe配位化合物的晶格振动光谱研究

采用直接固相反应将尿素与氯化铁(摩尔比6∶1)混合,经充分研磨合成了尿素铁盐配位化合物,并对其拉曼光谱和红外吸收光谱进行了研究。由于金属原子的影响,尿素分子的一些特征振动频率发生了变化:CO伸缩振动和NH2的对称弯曲振动的频率下降;而CN伸缩振动和NH2反对称弯曲振动的频率增加。对尿素以及尿素—Fe(III)的晶格振动模进行了识别。研究结果表明:Fe与尿素中的氧原子发生了配合而形成配位物。     

Si_3分子基态(X~1A_1)的结构与分析势能函数

应用群论及原子分子反应静力学方法推导Si分子的电子态及其离解极限,在B3P86/CC-PVTZ水平上,对Si3分子基态进行优化计算,得出Si3基态的单重态能量最低,其稳定构性为的C2V构型,平衡核间距Re=0.2176nm、∠213=79.7°,能量为-869.2057a.u..同时计算出基态的简正振动频率:对称伸缩振动频率ν(B2)=547.6446cm-1,弯曲振动频率ν(A1)=185.6100cm-1和反对称伸缩振动频率ν(A1)=559.6090cm-1.在此基础上,使用多体项展式理论方法,导出了基态Si3分子的全空间解析势能函数,该势能函数准确再现了Si3(C2V)平衡结构.     

三苯基咔咯金属配合物的振动光谱和DFT计算

对三苯基咔咯金属配合物(MTPC, M=Ni, Cu, Co, Mn)的拉曼和红外光谱进行了实验研究. 用DFT方法计算了其基态几何结构以及红外和拉曼光谱,并基于计算结果对测量到的振动谱带进行了局域坐标归属. 研究发现,由于对称性降低,咔咯金属配合物的振动光谱比卟啉金属配合物更为复杂,若干咔咯骨架振动与苯取代基强烈耦合.考察了拉曼和红外谱带频率变化与咔咯环结构的关系,发现随着环内核尺寸的减小,与C^I_αC^I_α键伸缩振动和C?Cm键伸缩振动相关的拉曼谱带频率增加,其中C^I_αC^I_α伸缩振动的拉曼谱带对环内核尺寸的变化更为敏感且呈良好的线性关系,可以作为反映金属咔咯骨架结构变化的特征谱带.     

DFT studies of surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy of 1,4‐benzenedithiol–Au2 complex under the effect of static electric fields

In this work, we demonstrate that the applied electric‐field strength and orientation can multiply modulate the Raman intensity and vibrational wavenumber of small molecule–metal complex, 1,4‐benzenedithiol–Au₂ (1,4BDT–Au₂), by density functional theory and time‐dependent density functional theory simulations. The polarizabilities are changed by the applied electric fields, leading to enhanced specific vibrational intensity and shifted vibrational wavenumber of the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering effect. The applied electric fields perturb the bonds and angles of the 1,4BDT–Au₂ complex. Owing to this reason, the peaks of Raman spectra related to these structures exhibit distinguishable responses in quasi‐static field (low‐frequency oscillating electric field). We use the visualized method of charge difference density to show that the electric fields tune the traditional excited state to pure charge‐transfer excited state. The charge‐transfer resonance transition produces enhanced Raman intensities for non‐totally symmetric modes and totally symmetric modes. These simulation results of the function of static electric field provide new guidance for the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering measurements. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

KTa_(1-x)Nb_xO_3单晶的相变软模(英文)

用Ｒａｍａｎ散射研究了四方钽铌酸钾单晶的顺电 铁电结构相变,在相变时发现和分析了一个凝聚的软晶格振动模ｖ５,它是产生于Ｏ２ Ｏ３键的对称弯曲振动。     

The roles of vibronic coupling and the Duschinsky effect in resonance Raman scattering

In most vibronic treatments of resonance Raman scattering it is assumed that the normal coordinates of electronically excited states are not rotated relative to those of the ground state, i.e., the Duschinsky effect is neglected. In the present paper this assumption is critically examined for the case of resonance Raman scattering by a non-totally symmetric vibrational mode. For consistency also the second-order Herzberg-Teller coupling is considered. It is shown that these second-order couplings introduce asymmetry in the excitation profile of appearance similar to that due to nonadiabatic coupling. Also it is shown that even small rotations give rise to noticeable effects in the polarization dispersion curve. Analytical formulas for the Franck-Condon factors and for the Raman tensor (valid for an arbitrary number of normal modes) for the case of small rotations are given, and illustrative calculations of excitation and polarization dispersion curves for a two mode system are presented and discussed.     

Microscopic theory on the Raman spectra of transition metal dichalcogenides in CDW state

Microscopic mechanisms are clarified for Raman scattering of collective modes, i.e., amplitude and phase modes in the charge density wave (CDW) state of transition metal dichalcogenides. We study three phonon process in triple CDW state and effects of $\text{partial}$ destruction of the Fermi surface due to the phase transition. It has then been understood how both phase and amplitude modes are given Raman activity and how A-E splittings of both modes and the commensurability pinning of the phase mode are related to the three phonon process. We can also explain change of Raman intensity of the originally Raman active A_1g phonon mode at phase transition as interference between paramagnetic and diamagnetic contributions for 2HTaSe₂ as well as other materials.     

Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy of 4‐tert‐butylpyridine on a silver electrode

We report the observation of large surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) (10⁶) for 4‐tert‐butylpyridine molecules adsorbed on a silver electrode surface in an electrochemical cell with electrode potential set at − 0.5 V. A decrease in electrode potential to − 0.3 V was accompanied by a decrease in relative intensities of the vibrational modes. However, there were no changes in vibrational wavenumbers. Comparison of both normal solution Raman and SERS spectra shows very large enhancement of the intensities of a₁, a₂, and b₂ modes at laser excitation of 488 nm. Enhancement of the non‐totally symmetric modes indicates the presence of charge transfer as a contributor to the enhancement. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Resonance and composition effects on the Raman scattering from silver-gold alloy clusters

Low-frequency Raman scattering experiments have been performed on thin films consisting of pure gold or gold-silver alloy clusters embedded in alumina matrix. It is clearly shown that the quadrupolar vibrational modes are observed by Raman scattering because of the effect of resonance with the excitation of the electronic surface dipolar plasmon. This is due to the strong coupling between the collective electronic dipolar excitation and the quadrupolar vibrational modes. This effect of resonance does not exist with the core electron excitations. The mixing of the conduction electron dipolar excitation (surface plasmon) with the core electrons leads to the quenching of the resonant Raman scattering. Received 16 November 2000     

天线共振子理论对吡啶分子在铁钴镍衬底上SERS增强因子的计算

天线共振子模型是在研究表面增强拉曼散射增强机理过程中提出的理论.作为一项非常具有代表意义的工作,文章利用天线共振子模型计算了吡啶分子1010 cm-1特征振动模在过渡金属Fe,Co,Ni衬底上的表面增强拉曼散射增强因子:给出了共振时三种金属增强因子与激发光能量的依赖关系;研究了它们的表面粗糙度对增强因子的影响,计算了能量为0.89 eV的入射光在不同表面粗糙度的三种金属衬底上的增强因子.计算结果表明,它们在可见光范围增强因子不大,这与已报道的实验结果一致;但在红外波长却有大的增强因子,可以达到104～107,有待实验检验.     

On the vibronic theory of resonance Raman scattering

Resonance Raman excitation profiles of totally symmetric vibrational modes are investigated using a model that analytically includes the complete subspace of Franck-Condon active vibrations associated with each intermediate electronic state. This model is used to fit data obtained in resonance with the Soret band of cytochrome c. The excitation profiles are asymmetric and peak distinctively to the blue of the Soret absorption maximum. Large damping factors and/or inhomogeneous site distributions by themselves cannot account for the observed data. The theoretical results imply that the excited state lifetime associated with the Soret band of ferrocytochrome c has a lower limit on the order of 50 fs and that, compared to the ferrous form, the ferric cytochrome has a larger x-y splitting and a shorter lifetime.In constrast to the large multidimensional heme system, we also present the results of a simple model calculation applicable to smaller molecules. A two dimensional subspace is explored, where Raman Franck-Condon (RFC) and Franck-Condon (FC) factors are calculated for different potential energy surface parameters. Under certain conditions the RFC based scattering profiles of one vibration are strongly coupled to the FC based behaviour of the other vibration. Rather complex profiles are then predicted even for the simple two- dimensional case.     

铁掺杂四方、三方两相共存PZN-PZT陶瓷的Raman散射分析

Raman散射常用于研究温度变化时铁电体的各种相变,如铁电-顺电相变等,但是,利用Raman散射研究掺杂诱导的相变并不常见。本文采用Raman散射研究了铁掺杂Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)0.2(Zr0.5Ti0.5)0.8O3(PZN-PZT)铁电陶瓷中三方-四方共存现象。通过分析四方相E(3TO)和A1(3TO)模式与三方相Rl模式,确定了铁掺杂对PZN-PZT陶瓷中三方-四方共存结构的影响。这一结果,得到了XRD相分析的验证。因此,通过对Raman散射中三方-四方振动模式的分析,可以表征掺杂诱导的PZT基陶瓷中三方-四方相结构变化趋势。