Multi-scale FE computation for the structures of composite materials with small periodic configuration under condition of coupled thermoelasticity

In this paper, the multi-scale computational method for a structure of composite materials with a small periodic configuration under the coupled thermoelasticity condition is presented. The two-scale asymptotic (TSA) expression of the displacement and the increment of temperature for composite materials with a small periodic configuration under the condition of thermoelasticity are briefly shown at first, then the multi-scale finite element algorithms based on TSA are discussed. Finally the numerical results evaluated by the multi-scale computational method are shown. It demonstrates that the basic configuration and the increment of temperature strongly influence the local strains and local stresses inside a basic cell. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (19932030) and Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Projects     

A two-scale method for identifying mechanical parameters of composite materials with periodic configuration

In this paper, a two-scale method (TSM) is presented for identifying the mechanics parameters such as stiffness and strength of composite materials with small periodic configuration. Firstly, a formulation is briefly given for two-scale analysis (TSA) of the composite materials. And then a two-scale computation formulation of strains and stresses is developed by displacement solution with orthotropic material coefficients for three kinds of such composites structures, i.e., the tension column with a square cross section, the bending cantilever with a rectangular cross section and the torsion column with a circle cross section. The strength formulas for the three kinds of structures are derived and the TSM procedure is discussed. Finally the numerical results of stiffness and strength are presented and compared with experimental data. It shows that the TSM method in this paper is feasible and valid for predicting both the stiffness and the strength of the composite materials with periodic configuration.The project supported by the Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Project (2005CB321704) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10590353 and 90405016). The English text was polished by Yunming Chen.     

Second-order two-scale computational method for ageing linear viscoelastic problem in composite materials with periodic structure

The correspondence principle is an important mathematical technique to compute the non-ageing linear viscoelastic problem as it allows to take advantage of the computational methods originally developed for the elastic case. However, the correspondence principle becomes invalid when the materials exhibit ageing. To deal with this problem, a second-order two-scale (SOTS) computational method in the time domain is presented to predict the ageing linear viscoelastic performance of composite materials with a periodic structure. First, in the time domain, the SOTS formulation for calculating the effective relaxation modulus and displacement approximate solutions of the ageing viscoelastic problem is formally derived. Error estimates of the displacement approximate solutions for SOTS method are then given. Numerical results obtained by the SOTS method are shown and compared with those by the finite element method in a very fine mesh. Both the analytical and numerical results show that the SOTS computational method is feasible and efficient to predict the ageing linear viscoelastic performance of composite materials with a periodic structure.     

多相材料微结构布局及宏观结构拓扑并发优化

在传统双向渐进结构优化(BESO)方法基础上,充分考虑材料和结构的尺度关联性,基于均匀化理论将材料微结构胞元设计和宏观结构拓扑优化相结合,按照材料属性排序引入材料插值函数依次进行灵敏分析,建立周期性多相材料微结构布局及宏观结构拓扑并发优化设计方法。优化过程中,宏观结构受力的特性嵌入微观敏度生成过程,使得新型材料具备了特定宏观结构力学需求的更加轻型、高强的最佳力学性能;同时,微观材料胞元的等效材料属性又是宏观结构优化的基础材料,从而使得材料/结构具有尺度上的统一。相关算例说明该方法在解决多相材料微观分布优化和周期性多相材料微结构布局及宏观结构拓扑并发优化问题时具有边界清晰和收敛快等优点。     

On the modelling of dynamic problems for plates with a periodic structure

Summary The subject of analysis is the bending of elastic plates exhibiting a nonhomogeneous periodic structure and/or a periodically variable thickness in a certain direction parallel to the plate's midplane. The fundamental modelling problem is how to obtain an effective 2D-model of a plate under consideration, i.e., a 2D-model represented by PDEs with constant coefficients. This problem for periodic plates has been solved independently in [5] and [10], using asymptotic homogenization. However, homogenization neglects dynamic phenomena related to the plate's rotational inertia and cannot be applied to the analysis of higher-order vibration frequences. The main aim of this contribution is to formulate a new non-asymptotic effective 2D-model of a periodic plate which is free from the mentioned drawbacks and describes the dynamic behaviour of plates having the thickness of the order of the period length. The proposed model is applied to the analysis of some vibration problems.     

Numerical analysis of bifurcation buckling for rotationally periodic structures under rotationally periodic loads

By considering the characteristics of deformation of rotationally periodic structures under rotationally periodic loads, the periodic structure is divided into some identical substructures in this study. The degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) of joint nodes between the neighboring substructures are classified as master and slave ones. The stress and strain conditions of the whole structure are obtained by solving the elastic static equations for only one substructure by introducing the displacement constraints between master and slave DOFs. The complex constraint method is used to get the bifurcation buckling load and mode for the whole rotationally periodic structure by solving the eigenvalue problem for only one substructure without introducing any additional approximation. The finite element (FE) formulation of shell element of relative degrees of freedom (SERDF) in the buckling analysis is derived. Different measures of tackling internal degrees of freedom for different kinds of buckling problems and different stages of numerical analysis are presented. Some numerical examples are given to illustrate the high efficiency and validity of this method.     

Transfer matrix approach of vibration isolation analysis of periodic composite structure

The transmission properties of elastic waves propagating in a three-dimensional composite structure embedded periodically with spherical inclusions are analyzed by the transfer matrix method in this paper. Firstly, the periodic composite structures are divided into many layers, the transfer matrix of monolayer structure is deduced by the wave equations, and the transfer matrix of the entire structure is obtained in the case of boundary conditions of displacement and stress continuity between layers. Then, the effective impedance of the structure is analyzed to calculate its reflectivity and transmissivity of vibration isolation. Finally, numerical simulation is carried out; the experiment results validate the accuracy and feasibility of the method adopted in the paper and some useful conclusions are obtained. Project (No. 50075029) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

OnJ-integrals in the plane fracture of composite materials

By using a complex function method in this paper, the complex form of J-integral of mixed mode crack tip for unidirectional plate of linear-elastic orthotropic composites is obtained first by substituting crack tip stresses and displacements into general formula of J-integral. And then, the path-independence of this J-integral is proved. Finally, the computing formula of this J-integral is derived. As special examples, the complex forms, path-independence and computing formulae of J-integrals of mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ crack tips for unidirectional plate of linear-elastic orthotropic composites are given.     

双周期圆截面纤维复合材料平面问题的解析法

结合双准周期Riemann边值问题理论与Eshelby等效夹杂原理，为双周期圆截面纤维复合材 料平面问题发展了一个实用有效的解析方法，获得了问题的全场级数解并与有限元结果进行 了比较. 该方法为非均匀材料的力学性质分析和复合材料等新材料的微结构设计提供了 一个有效的计算工具，也可用来评估有限元等数值与近似方法的精度.     

Crack initiation and direction for circumferential periodic cracks in pipe under tension and torsion

The S-theory is applied to determine crack initiation angle and critical load of circumferential periodic cracks in pipe. A technique for determining mode II stress intensity factor is proposed by using G^* path independent integral. The method applies also to single-edge crack, double-edge crack and center crack cylindrical panel configurations.     

Modelling Turbulent Premixed Combustion Using the Level Set Approach for Reynolds Averaged Models

A model for premixed turbulent combustion is investigated using a RANS-approach. The evolution of the flame front is described in terms of the G-equation. The numerical instabilities of the G-field are resolved using a reinitialisation procedure. For the G-points near the flame surface an algorithm proposed by Russo and Smereka [1] and modificated by Düsing [2] is presented. For all other points the standard Sussman algorithm is employed. Fluid properties are conditioned on the flame front position using a burnt-unburnt probability function across the flame front. Computations are performed using the code FASTEST-3D [3] which is a flow solver for a non-orthogonal, block-structured grid. The computational examples include two test cases, the first containing the propagation of two circular merging flames and the second one containing the simulation of the ORACLES-burner [4].     

一维周期性梁结构等效性能计算方法讨论

具有轴向周期微结构的复合梁结构,通常在宏观上简化为一维欧拉-伯努利梁。由于缺乏基于严格数学理论、同时考虑降维及均匀化的等效性能计算方法,已有研究或采用基于平截面假定的弯曲能量近似方法,或采用基于三维周期性介质等效性质的方法。本文首先介绍了基于一维周期性梁的渐近均匀化理论求解新方法,并在此基础上与上述两种方法进行比较。结果表明,基于平截面假定的近似方法忽视了这类梁结构内的三维应力状态,过高地估计了梁的等效性质。     

Novel mechanical behavior of periodic structure with the pattern transformation

In periodic cellular structures, novel pattern transformations are triggered by a reversible elastic instability under the axial compression. Based on the deformation-triggered new pattern, periodic cellular structures can achieve special mechanical properties. In this paper, the designed architecture materials which include elastomer matrixes containing empty holes or filled holes with hydrogel material are modeled and simulated to investigate the mechanical property of the periodic materials. By analyzing the relationship between nominal stress and nominal strain of periodic material, and the corresponding deformed patterns, the influence of geometry and shapes of the holes on the mechanical property of architecture material is studied in more details. We hope this study can provide future perspectives for the deformation-triggered periodic structures.     

三维编织复合材料模量的双尺度有限元计算

针对三维编织复合材料的力学性能进行了双尺度有限元(TSA)数值计算,给出了计算模型和算法过程,并将数值结果与文献中的实验数据进行了比较,验证了算法的物理准确性。编织复合材料的力学性能不仅依赖于材料的基本组份,也与细观构造相关。双尺度有限元计算可以数值模拟出三维编织复合材料的整体力学性能,从而为材料的研发提供指导。本文的双尺度有限元三维数值计算方法可以推广到其他增强／孔隙等多相复合材料的数值模拟。     

Fully coupled flow-induced vibration of structures under small deformation with GMRES method

Lagrangian-Eulerian formulations based on a generalized variational principle of fluid-solid coupling dynamics are established to describe flow-induced vibration of a structure under small deformation in an incompressible viscous fluid flow. The spatial discretization of the formulations is based on the multi-linear interpolating functions by using the finite element method for both the fluid and solid structures. The generalized trapezoidal rule is used to obtain apparently non-symmetric linear equations in an incremental form for the variables of the flow and vibration. The nonlinear convective term and time factors are contained in the non-symmetric coefficient matrix of the equations. The generalized minimum residual （GMRES） method is used to solve the incremental equations. A new stable algorithm of GMRES-Hughes-Newmark is developed to deal with the flow-induced vibration with dynamical fluid-structure interaction in complex geometries. Good agreement between the simulations and laboratory measurements of the pressure and blade vibration accelerations in a hydro turbine passage was obtained, indicating that the GiViRES-Hughes-Newmark algorithm presented in this paper is suitable for dealing with the flow-induced vibration of structures under small deformation.     

Apollonius coordinates,theN-body problem,and continuation of periodic solutions

This paper treats theN-body problem and its relation to various restricted problems. For each solution of the Kepler problem a generalization of the pulsating coordinates used to express the Hamiltonian of the elliptic restricted three-body problem is given. These coordinates are called Apollonius coordinates. The method of symplectic scaling is used to give a precise derivation of the elliptic restricted problem showing the precise asymptotic relationship between the restricted problem and the full three-body problem. This derivation obviates the proof of the fact that a nondegenerate periodic solution of the elliptic restricted three-body problem can be continued into the full three-body problem under mild nonresonance assumptions. Also, the method of symplectic scaling is used to give a precise derivation of the elliptic Hill lunar equation showing the precise relationship between the elliptic Hill lunar equation and the full three-body problem. A similar continuation theorem is established.     

Numerical analysis for the periodic response of nonsmooth dynamic systems of high-dimension

This paper deals with the numerical solution of high dimensional dynamic systems with nonsmooth characteristics, such as structural elastoplasticity, mechanical clearance and dry friction. As a stable periodic response of the system attracts its transient response, it may be extracted from the transient response somehow. The paper suggests a novel iteration scheme to extrapolate the periodic response from a short time history of its transient response by curve fitting. Compared with the current schemes such as shooting and incremental harmonic balancing, the present scheme makes full use of the information within the transient response and the system characters, then its computation efficiency has increased by an order and the numerical convergence depending on the initial iteration has greatly improved.The subject supported by the Chinese Foundation of Aeronautical Science     

复合材料周期结构数学均匀化方法的一种新型单胞边界条件

数学均匀化方法是计算周期复合材料结构的有效方法之一,单胞边界条件施加的合理性直接决定了影响函数控制方程的计算效率和精度,进而影响均匀化弹性参数和摄动位移的计算精度.本文首先将单胞影响函数作为虚拟位移处理,给出了单胞在结构中真实的边界条件,结果表明,四边固支适合作为二维结构单胞边界条件;其次,针对二维结构提出了超单胞周期边界条件,有效提高了影响函数的计算精度,并使用与虚拟位移相对应的虚拟势能泛函验证超单胞周期边界条件的有效性;最后,利用数值分析验证多尺度渐进展开方法的计算精度,强调了二阶摄动的必要性.     

Relative equilibria with clusters of small masses

Relative equilibria of the Newtoniann-body problem are studied in the limiting case where some of the masses tend to zero. The small masses may form clusters. Equations for these clusters are derived and analyzed. Stability conditions for the resulting periodic orbits of then-body problem are given.     

On the mathematical problems of composite materials with a doubly periodic set of cracks

In this paper,the mathematical problem of the second fundamental problem of composite materials with a doubly periodic set of arbitrary shape cracks are investigated,and the interface are arbitrary smooth closed contours.At first,we establish mathematical models by using Muskhelisvili complex variable methods,change the primitive problems into searching complex stress functions which satisfy four boundary value problems and construct forms of the solution,then,under some general restrictions it is reduced to normal type singular integral equation,the unique solvability is proved mathematically