单层碳纳米管的磁输运特性

依据磁场中Boltzmann输运方程及单层磁纳米管(SWNTs)的能量色散关系,对单个SWNTs中轴向磁场诱发的低温磁阻进行了数值计算.分析表明:当电子以低能输运时,SWNTs的磁阻有明显的Aharonov-Bohn(A-B)效应,与并SWNTs的能隙相对应.     

Tunnel anisotropic magnetoresistance in graphene with Rashba spin-orbit interaction

Ballistic transport in a graphene-based normal/ferromagnetic barrier/normal junction in the presence of Rashba-type spin-orbit interaction (RSOI) is investigated by the non-equilibrium Green's function approach. It is found that due to the interplay between ferromagnetic exchange coupling and RSOI, the energy dispersion in the ferromagnetic barrier depends on the magnetization direction. The conductance changes by varying the magnetization direction, resulting in a tunnel anisotropic magnetoresistance (TAMR). The predicted TAMR effect oscillates with the RSOI strength or on-site energy, which is efficiently controllable by the gate voltage, making this junction very promising in spintronics applications.     

Investigation of the effect of annealing on the interface structure in Fe/Cr superlattices by conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy

The effect of vacuum annealing on the structure of the Fe/Cr superlattice, exhibiting giant magnetoresistance effect, has been investigated by Mössbauer spectroscopy. It is shown that annealing-induced activation of diffusion leads to a decrease in the thickness of “pure” Cr and Fe layers, redistribution of atoms in the interface regions, and a change in the giant magnetoresistance. The existence of the angular spatial dispersion of the magnetic anisotropy field at the interface has also been revealed.     

Sr2RuO4正常态的c方向的磁阻的研究

研究了典型的层状钙钛矿结构超导单晶Sr₂RuO₄在c方向的磁阻(Δρ/ρ₀)(H∥ab,J∥c)的变化.实验发现,磁阻表现出强烈的各向异性,并且随着温度T的降低,磁阻效应越明显;当在平面ab内旋转磁场H的方向时,磁阻成周期性变化;实验表明,磁场沿(110)方向时,出现磁阻的极大值.分别从Sr₂RuO₄的费米面的各向异性、载流子散射率、c方向能带色散的各向异性等方面来解释这些输运性质. 关键词： 2RuO₄')" href="#">Sr₂RuO₄ 磁阻     

Contact effects on the magnetoresistance of finite semiconductors

We propose a new theoretical method to study galvanomagnetic effects in bounded semiconductors. The general idea of this method is as follows. We consider the electron temperature distribution and the electric potential as consisting of two terms, one of which represents the regular solution of the energy balance equation obtained from the Boltzmann transport equation at steady-state conditions and the Maxwell equation, while the other is the effect of the specimen size that is significant near the contacts (the boundary layer function). With the distribution of the electric potential at the contacts and the electron temperature distribution at the surface of the sample taken into account, we find that the magnetoresistance is different from the one in the standard theory of galvanomagnetic effects in boundless media. We show that, besides the usual quadratic dependence on the applied magnetic field B, the magnetoresistance can exhibit a linear dependence on B under certain conditions. We obtain new formulas for the linear and quadratic terms of the magnetoresistance in bounded semiconductors. This linear contribution of the magnetic field to the magnetoresistance is essentially due to the spatial dependence of the potential at the electric contacts. We also discuss the possibility of obtaining the distribution of the electric potential at the contacts from standard magnetoresistance experiments. Because the applied magnetic field acts differently on carriers with different mobilities, a redistribution of the electron energy occurs in the sample and thus, the Ettingshausen effect on the magnetoresistance must be considered in bounded semiconductors.     

Unconventional magnetoresistance in long InSb nanowires

Magnetoresistance in long correlated nanowires of degenerate semiconductor InSb in asbestos matrix (wire diameter of around 5 nm, length 0.1–1 mm) is studied in the temperature range 2.3–300 K. At zero magnetic field, the electric conduction G and the current-voltage characteristics of such wires obey the power laws G∞ T^α, I∞ V^β, expected for one-dimensional electron systems. The effect of the magnetic field corresponds to a 20% growth of the exponents α, β at H = 10 T. The observed magnetoresistance is caused by the magnetic-field-induced breaking of the spin-charge separation and represents a novel mechanism of magnetoresistance.     

Magnetoresistive remanence curves in Co/Cu multilayers

We report measurements of magnetoresistive remanence curves and initial magnetoresistance curves on Co/Cu multilayers. The initial magnetoresistance curve shows an enhance magnetoresistance change over that of the hysteretic magnetoresistance curve. Using remanence curves we are able to separate out the irreversible and reversible components contributing to the magnetoresistance. We show that it is irreversible changes of resistance within the multilayers from an initial low energy demagnetised state that is responsible for this ‘extra’ magnetoresistance.     

Effects of third-order dispersion on soliton switching in fiber nonlinear directional couplers

The split-step Fourier method is used to study the energy switching characteristics of fiber nonlinear directional couplers with the third-order dispersion. The effects of the third-order dispersion increases with the third-order dispersion coefficient and input power and result in pulse shift and energy decreases. Adding high-order nonlinear can partly overcomes these effects.     

On the pre‐metric foundations of wave mechanics I: massless waves

The mechanics of wave motion in a medium are founded in conservation laws for the physical quantities that the waves carry, combined with the constitutive laws of the medium, and define Lorentzian structures only in degenerate cases of the dispersion laws that follow from the field equations. It is suggested that the transition from wave motion to point motion is best factored into an intermediate step of extended matter motion, which then makes the dimension‐codimension duality of waves and trajectories a natural consequence of the bicharacteristic (geodesic) foliation associated with the dispersion law. This process is illustrated in the conventional case of quadratic dispersion laws, as well as quartic ones, which include the Heisenberg–Euler dispersion law. It is suggested that the contributions to geodesic motion from the non‐quadratic nature of a dispersion law might represent another source of quantum fluctuations about classical extremals, in addition to the diffraction effects that are left out by the geometrical optics approximation.     

Quantification of magnetic domain disorder and correlations in antiferromagnetically coupled multilayers by neutron reflectometry

The in-plane correlation lengths and angular dispersion of magnetic domains in a transition metal multilayer have been studied using off-specular neutron reflectometry techniques. A theoretical framework considering both structural and magnetic disorder has been developed, quantitatively connecting the observed scattering to the in-plane correlation length and the dispersion of the local magnetization vector about the mean macroscopic direction. The antiferromagnetic domain structure is highly vertically correlated throughout the multilayer. We are easily able to relate the neutron determined magnetic domain dispersion to magnetization and magnetoresistance experiments.     

Towards an Ab Initio Description of the Exchange Bias in Spin-Valve Systems

By considering collinear and non-collinear magnetic configurations, the interlayer exchange energy can be viewed as a continuous energy parameter k that can directly be correlated with the magnetoresistance. It was shown [Weinberger, P. (2002). Exchange bias due to configurational magnetic rearrangements. Phys . Rev . B , 65 , 014430] for the spin-valve system Co(111)/Co 6 /(CoO) n /Co 6 /Cu 6 /Co 6 /Co(111), n = 6,12, that the exchange bias refers to that value of k below which the magnetoresistance remains zero. Above this value a gradual change in the magnetoresistance is observed when considering non-collinear magnetic configurations.     

Phase transition of the two-dimensional classicalXY-model

The two dimensional classicalXY-model, representative for two dimensional models with continuous symmetry, is shown to undergo a phase transition of continuous order in a low temperature region. In particular: 1. The correlation functions decay with a power law at large distance in a temperature range belowT′ with a characteristic singular exponentη which varies continuously between 0 and ∞; 2. For magnetic fieldB → 0 the free energy develops a singular part in the form of a power with a singular exponentκ which varies continuously between 1 and ∞ atT _∞ (<T′); 3. The singular exponentsκ, η, and a correlation length exponent are related to one another by scaling laws and are determined by a dispersion coefficient for low lying excitations.     

Guided modes in the chiral negative refractive index fiber

The novel characteristics of guided modes in the chiral negative refractive index fiber are investigated theoretically in this letter.We derive the characteristic equation of guided modes.Based on two types of chiral metamaterial parameters,we present the dispersion curves,energy flux,and power of guided modes.Some abnormal features,such as the existence of surface mode and dispersion curves with different shapes,intersection of dispersion curves of different guided modes,negative energy flux in the achiral cladding,and zero power at some normalized frequencies,are found in the chiral negative refractive index fiber.     

Frequency,power and temperature dependence of the off-resonance magnetoresistance spike in irradiated 2D-electron systems

We present calculated results on frequency, power and temperature dependence of the recently discovered giant radiation-induced off-resonance magnetoresistance spike obtained in ultraclean two-dimensional electron systems. This spike shows up on the second harmonic of the cyclotron resonance. We apply the radiation-driven electron orbit model to this novel ultraclean scenario. In agreement with experiments, we obtain that the spike intensity is strongly dependent on temperature and radiation power. On the other hand, the spike position is mainly dependent on radiation frequency. These results would be of special interest from the application perspective, such as nanophotonics, ultrasensitive microwave detectors or solar cells given the strong translation of radiation energy into electrical current.     

平面火花隙三电极开关研制及性能测试

研制了一种适用于平行板传输连接的平面火花隙三电极开关，开关正负电极为半圆形状，触发电极为细条状。将之替代立体式（半球形电极）火花隙三电极开关并应用于爆炸箔起爆装置中，装置回路参数将得以优化。实验测试了空气间隙为4.12， 3.14和2.2 mm的平面火花隙三电极开关的性能。结果表明，在开关间隙间距一定的情况下，随着电压的升高，开关间隙的放电时延和分散时间呈指数降低，开关电感小于15 nH；对于不同范围内的应用电压，使用不同间隙间距的开关，其分散时间不大于10 ns。该开关应用于较低充电电压（小于10 kV）的脉冲功率装置中，与立体式火花隙三电极开关相比，回路电感降低了约50 nH，放电周期缩短近1/3，峰值电流增加约1/3。     

Effects of higher-order dispersion on pulse splitting in the normal dispersion regime

By solving numerically the extended nonlinear Schrödinger equation we investigate the influence of higher-order dispersion effects on the propagation of optical pulses in the normal dispersion regime in a highly nonlinear fiber. Already a small amount of third-order dispersion can lead to a pulse-breakup above a certain pulse power. The splitting is followed by an expansion of the spectrum towards longer wavelengths without any impact of Raman scattering. The transfer of energy to longer wavelengths strongly depends on the dispersion profile of the fiber.     

费米分布相对论等离子体的色散关系

将Mikhailovskii 色散关系的理论用于费米分布的等离子体中,分别对纵振荡和横振荡进行数值模拟。结果表明,该方法得到的色散关系在极端相对论条件下不仅与Mikhailovskii 的理论相吻合,还得到了Mikhailovskii 没有涉及的范围内的色散关系。模拟得到了费米分布等离子体不同温度下纵振荡和横振荡的色散关系。