肿瘤患者放疗前后血清八种微量元素含量的研究

对临床、病理、放射线或CT检查确诊的82名癌肿患者，在放疗前后和对42名健康人进行了微量元素铁、锌、铜、锰、硒，铬、钴、镍的分析。研究结果显示：1．癌肿患者血清铜、镍、锰、铬、钴的含量比健康人高，而血清锌、铁、硒的含量却比健康人低；2．血清Cu／Zn、Cr／Zn、Co／Zn、Ni／Zn的比值癌肿患者均比健康人高，而Fe、Zn、Se／Zn的比值却相反。因此，可根据血清铜升高、血清锌降低，血清铜／锌比值升高的特点。用于癌肿的早期诊断；3．癌肿患者放疔后血清铁、锌含量进一步下降，铜、锰、铬的含量也出现降低，唯有硒的含量有所上升。因此，放疗时应注意补充铁、锌、铜元素。     

An Investigation of the Trace Element Status of Bison in Wood Buffalo National Park and of Ranch-Raised Bison in Saskatchewan,Canada

Abstract

Trace metal levels were compared in ranched bison receiving a dietary supplement and in wild bison in Wood Buffalo National Park. Data collected in this study were also assessed with regard to information previously published on healthy wild bison resident in the Mackenzie Bison Sanctuary. Ninety percent of ranched animals contained lead, with mean levels of 0.06 and 0.10 ppm in liver and kidney, respectively, while lead was present in only 20% of samples from wild bison. Similarly, arsenic was more prevalent in ranched animals, though at levels below 0.05 ppm. Cadmium levels were significantly higher in the wild bison and traces of mercury were also more prevalent in the wild herd.

Levels of copper, manganese, selenium and zinc, which are considered essential nutrients, showed variations between the ranched and wild bison, but were within the range considered acceptable for cattle, with the exception of selenium. This was found to be lower in the wild herd.

Further research is required to define the nutritional requirements of healthy bison. Variations observed in this investigation could be attributed to a variety of factors, including age, diet, and health status, which cannot be differentiated based on the available samples.     

正常妊娠与妊高征患者血清中8种必需微量元素水平的研究

７８例正常妊娠妇女和４０例妊高征患者血清中铁、锌、铜、锰、硒、铬、钴和镍的含量与健康未孕妇女比较，正常妊娠妇女和妊高征患者均是铜和锰的含量升高，铁、锌、硒、铬、钴和镍含量降低；妊高征患者与正常妊娠妇女比较，则是铁、铜和锰的含量升高，锌、硒、铬、钴和镍的含量降低。     

母血、脐血、母乳锌、铁、硒水平配对分析

目的:了解母血、脐血、母乳之间锌、铁、硒含量的相关性。方法:对5 6例正常产妇进行了母血、脐血、母乳锌、铁、硒含量的配对分析。结果:各样本中锌在母乳中的含量比脐血中高,其差异具有显著性,P <0. 0 5 ;锌在脐血中的含量显著高于母血中,P <0 . 0 1 ;铁在脐血中含量明显高于母血,而母血又明显高于母乳,P <0 . 0 1 ;脐血、母血、母乳硒含量依次升高,其间差异不明显;母血与脐血中的锌含量具有明显的相关性(r =0 .478,P <0 .0 1 ) ,铁也具有相似的变化(r=0 . 5 2 2 ,P <0 . 0 1 ) ;母血与母乳中的锌、铁也具有相关性(r =0. 3 5 6) ,P <0 . 0 5 ;r =0. 42 1 ,P <0 . 0 1 )。结论:锌、铁、硒为胎儿生长发育中的重要元素,在母乳中含有大量的锌和硒,故应提倡母乳喂养,但4个月后应添加含铁辅食,补充母乳中铁的不足。     

Relationship between the level of essential metal elements in human hair and coronary heart disease

Studies on epidemics have demonstrated the relationship between coronary heart disease (CHD) and mineral substances, such as selenium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, copper, zinc, iron, manganese, and vanadium, in human bodies. In this study, instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS) were applied to evaluate the levels of selenium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, copper, zinc, and iron in healthy individuals and CHD patients. Hair samples were collected from 42 healthy participants and 28 diagnosed CHD patients. Calcium, magnesium, copper, and zinc levels in healthy individuals are significantly higher than the levels found in the patients (p < 0.01). Calcium/selenium ratio is also significantly higher in healthy individuals (p < 0.05). Based on the possible synergies and/or antagonisms of elements and their absorption and metabolism, magnesium/calcium, zinc/copper, and sodium/potassium ratios showed positive relevance (p < 0.01).     

Cadmium,Copper, Lead,Manganese, and Selenium Levels,and Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in Human Kidney Cortex

Abstract

Cadmium, copper, lead, manganese, and selenium concentrations and glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.19) activity have been determined in human kidney cortex specimens obtained at autopsy. Trace metal concentrations for each specimen were determined in the same digest, while glutathione peroxidase activity was assayed in tissue collected at a site adjacent to that selected for the trace metal determinations. Glutathione peroxidase activities were determined with two substrates, hydrogen peroxide and t-butylhydroperoxide. The effects of age, smoking history, sex, race, and blood pressure on kidney cortex trace metal levels and glutathione peroxidase activity were investigated. Mean kidney cortex cadmium concentration was found to be significantly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers (p=0.010). In addition, the mean kidney cortex lead concentration of hypertensive individuals was found to be significantly higher than that of non-hypertensive individuals (p=0.017), Glutathione peroxidase activities utilizing hydrogen peroxide substrate were inversely correlated to kidney cortex manganese levels (p=0.004).     

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system for quantitative determination of calphobindin I, a new placental anticoagulant protein, and its application to various specimens

We developed a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system for calphobindin I (CPB-I), a new placental coagulation inhibitor, using two monoclonal antibodies. This ELISA system can detect CPB-I at concentrations of between 0.4 and 25 ng/ml in buffer and allow almost quantitative determination of it in human plasma. Using this ELISA system, CPB-I levels in many kinds of specimens were measured. Levels in the plasma and urine of women were as low as 10 ng/ml, and no significant differences were observed throughout the trimesters of pregnancy and during different stages of the menstrual cycle. Toxemic patients were slightly higher in CPB-I levels than normal pregnant women, and levels in body fluids such as the amniotic fluid, saliva, milk, ascites, and semen were higher than those in the plasma. The high levels of CPB-I were found, being in the order of micrograms/ml, in the ascites of carcinomatous peritonitis as well as seminal plasma. Measurements of the levels in ovarian follicular fluid samples at different stages of the menstrual cycle showed that those in the immature and atretic stages were higher than those in mature stages. CPB-I levels in many types of cultured human cells ranged from 0.023 to 10.30 micrograms/mg protein, and levels in cultured human lymphocytes were less than those in other types of cells measured. Little of this inhibitor was secreted into media from cultured human lymphocytes, and it was found in all measured tissues of Macacus irus at levels ranging from 0.232 to 1.557 micrograms/mg protein. From these results, it was suggested that CPB-I might be a ubiquitous protein in the body that has an important physiological role.     

5-氟尿嘧啶卟啉锰/锌配合物的合成、光电性质及抗癌活性

合成了新型5-氟尿嘧啶修饰的自由卟啉5-(2-(5-氟尿嘧啶-3-基)乙氧基苯基)-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉(L)及其锰配合物(MnL)和锌配合物(ZnL)。通过紫外-可见光谱、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱及高分辨质谱等手段进行了结构表征。研究了它们的荧光性质和电化学性质;应用标准磺酰罗丹明B法(SRB法)测试了目标化合物对人肺癌细胞株A549、人肝癌细胞株Bel-7402和人结肠癌细胞株HCT-8生长的抑制活性。结果表明:相同实验条件下,不同金属离子对配合物的荧光强度存在较大影响:锌配合物具有荧光猝灭的性质,而锰配合物未能观察到明显的荧光发射光谱;与自由卟啉和锌配合物相比,锰配合物除卟啉环发生氧化还原反应外,Mn~(2+)自身也发生了氧化还原反应;抗癌活性测试显示锰配合物较其他2种化合物有较好的抗癌活性。     

Colon tissue concentrations of copper, iron, selenium, and zinc in colorectal carcinoma patients

Concentration of four trace elements (copper, zinc, iron, and selenium) was determined in colon tissue from twenty-three patients with colorectal cancer. The tissue samples were dried and dissolved using microwave-assisted digestion technique. The content of trace elements was determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. No significant differences between Zn levels in normal and cancerous tissues were observed. However, the levels of Cu, Fe, and Se were significantly higher in cancerous tissues than in the control samples. The results obtained sing microwave-assisted technique were compared to those obtained via alkaline digestion with tetramethylammonium hydroxide. Both techniques were used for the digestion of certified reference material of pork liver. Very good agreement with the certified values of Cu, Fe, and Zn in the reference material was achieved using alkaline digestion procedure. This technique seems to be an efficient alternative to decomposition of biological samples.     

Iodine status and the effect of soil erosion on trace elements in Nanka and Oba towns of Anambra State, Nigeria

Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) is common in all populations. Iodine and other trace elements naturally occur in the soil but erosion leaches off these elements from the soil. This results in a continued loss of trace elements from the soil. In the present study, the levels of iodine, selenium, zinc and lead in the environment (measured in soil, bitter leaves (Vernonia amygdalina), cassava roots (mannihot utilissima, staple food in Nigeria), and drinking water) and urinary iodine from school children (n=200), pregnant women (n=60) and women of child bearing age (n=60) were determined for Nanka prone to soil erosion and Oba all in Anambra State, Nigeria (used as control) to assess their risk to IDD. The levels of selenium, zinc and lead were analysed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry while the levels of iodine in the environment and urinary iodine were estimated using the method of Dunn et al.,(1993). In this study there was a positive correlation between iodine and the metals. The results show that the mean concentrations of total soil zinc (0.69 +/- 0.16 ppm); lead (0.40 +/- 0.12 ppm) values in Oba were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than values from Nanka (Zn = 0.33 +/- 0.10 ppm; Pb = 0.21 +/- 0.09 ppm). However, total soil values for selenium and iodine in soil were not significantly different in the two communities. Mean concentration of total vegetable zinc (0.63 +/- 0.14 ppm) value in Oba is significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the value from Nanka (Zn = 0.31 +/- 0.07 ppm). However, total vegetable values for I, Se and Pb were not significantly different in the two communities. Also, mean concentration of total cassava zinc (0.65 = 0.15 ppm) in Oba was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than Zn (0.44 +/- 0.1l ppm) from Nanka. However, values for Se, Pb, and I were not significantly different in the two communities. Mean concentration of total water iodine (105.25 +/- 10.44 microg/L) in Oba was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the value from Nanka (I = 89.8 +/- 6.42 microg/L). However, total water values for Se, Zn, and Pb were not significantly different in the two communities. The mean urinary iodine concentration of 170.65 +/- 27.17 microg/L in school children from Oba was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the mean concentration of 156.12 +/- 16.48 microg/L found in school children from Nanka. However, the mean urinary iodine concentration of all the women (pregnant and non-pregnant) were not significantly different in the two communities but they are below the recommended daily intake. The results show that people living in Nanka and Oba, could be at risk of IDD.     

过敏性哮喘患者血清中10种必需微量元素水平的研究

３４例过敏性哮喘患者血清中铁，锌、铜，锰硒铬，钴镍，钡，钼的含量水平与对照组比较，揭示：（１）铁，铜，铬的含量升高；（２）硒，镍，钴、钒的钼的含量降低；（３）锌和锰的含量差异无显著性，Ｐ〉０．０５。     

116例冠心病患者血清中10种必需微量元素水平的研究

１１６例冠心病患者血清中１０种必需微量元素的含量与正常值比较，具有如下特点：（１）铁，锌、铬，镍含量升高；２硒钴，钒，钼含量降低；（３）铜和锰差异无显著性。     

Study of the distribution of trace elements in six species of marine organisms of the Ligurian Sea (north-western Mediterranean)--comparison with previous findings

This paper presents the results of the determination of several trace elements (total and organic mercury, selenium, cadmium, lead, copper, manganese and zinc) in six species of marine organisms (Nephrops norvegicus, Engraulis encrasicolus, Mullus barbatus, Mullus surmuletus, Merluccius merluccius, and Sarda sarda), sampled in the Ligurian Sea (North-West Mediterranean) during a three-year period, from 1998 to 2000. The species analysed (388 samples) are the same studied in previous investigations in the same area (260 samples), so that a comparison with previous data measured in 1977-1986 was possible, in order to evaluate the variation of the marine environment in that area with respect to that period. Biological parameters of the specimens (length and weight of the individuals, and also sex for N. norvegicus) were taken into account in order to make possible the comparison between old and new data. No appreciable variation occurred in the levels of the trace elements analysed during the period 1998-2000, while the comparison with the data collected about 25 years ago showed a decrease of all the elements except for selenium.     

Spectrophotometric determination of lithium with Quinizarin in drugs and serum

An endemic peripheral vascular disorder resulting in gangrene of the lower extremities, especially of the feet, is called 'Blackfoot disease (BFD)'. Clinically, the symptoms and signs of Blackfoot disease are similar to those of Buerger's disease. In this study, the objective is to examine the amount of arsenic, mercury, zinc, lead, and selenium in urine samples from BFD patients. After pre-treatment with acids, the samples were digested by means of a microwave oven. The determination of arsenic mercury, zinc, lead and selenium were by hydride atomic absorption spectrometry (HAAS), cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS), flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), graphite furnace absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), respectively. The results indicated that urinary arsenic, mercury and lead of the BFD patients were significantly higher than those of the normal controls, while urinary zinc and selenium were significantly lower than those of the normal controls. The possibility that these elements are involved in the etiology of diseases is discussed.     

癫痫与微量元素

评论了微量元素锌,铜,铁,锰与癫痫的关系。癫痫患者血浆中锌、铜、铁含量比正常对照组增高,锰含量降低。锌／铜比值较正常对照组明显降低。而癫痫患者发锌,铁含量比正常人对照组升高,发铜,锰含量降低。     

花椒中五种微量元素含量的测定

采用原子吸收光谱法,测定了河南太行山区花椒及椒皮、椒籽中锰、铁、铜、锌、铅的含量。结果显示,各元素在实验范围内,线性关系良好,回收率在92%~103%之间。花椒及椒皮、椒籽中均含有微量元素,花椒中锰、铁、铜、锌、铅的含量分别为78.851、90.868、11.571、18.818、0.086μg.g-1,其中锰、铁含量丰富,有害元素铅的含量极低。椒籽中铁、铜、锌的分布量大于椒皮;椒皮中锰的分布量大于椒籽。为探讨花椒的高药用价值提供了有力的证据,椒籽中铜、锌、铁含量高于椒皮,应大力开发利用。     

Contents and uptake rates of Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, and Se in Se-deficient rat liver cell fractions.

The contents of manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) in nuclear (NU), mitochondrial (MT), microsomal (MC), and cytosolic (CS) fractions of liver homogenates of normal and selenium-deficient (SeD) rats were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The uptake rates of these elements in the liver cell fractions of both groups of rats were determined by multitracer analysis (MTA). The results indicated that Se-deficiency caused a significant increase in the content of Fe in the MC fractions. The MTA showed that the uptake rate of Fe was highest in the MC fraction, and that the uptake rate in the fraction was similar between the SeD and normal rats.     

青海三角城牧场牧草微量元素含量研究

测定了青海三角城牧场牛羊主要采食的18种牧草中与动物健康密切相关的14种微量元素含量,并对牧草质量进行了评价。结果表明,Zn、Mg、Se、Mn等微量元素含量较低,当地羊群地方病与此有关;其它营养元素含量相对正常;有害元素Pb、Cd、As、Hg含量较低。比较去离子水洗涤和非洗涤的牧草,两者微量元素含量无明显差异,说明在青藏高原洁净的自然环境下,牧草所粘附泥土及其它杂质很少。     

儿童癫痫与微量元素关系初探

测定42例癫痫病患儿血中必需微量元素及有害元素，对其含量变化与临床症状间的关系进行分析研究，表明人体内微量元素失衡对本病的发生发展起重要作用．     

维生素B1、B6与金属离子关系的光化学研究

分别研究了必需微量元素铁、锌、铜、锰、硒、常量元素钙、镁、非必需元素铝、锂，有毒元素尔，铅，镉对维生素B1、B6的紫外吸收光谱的影响，并对其机理进行了初步探讨。所得结果对于金属离子与维生素B1、B6的关系及其在人体中的生化、生理功能和生物有效性提供了一定的理论依据。