24.65～25.25 GHz频段IMT-2020（5G）系统对卫星广播系统干扰分析

基于WRC-19 1.13议题研究框架和国内6 GHz以上IMT-2020（5G）候选频段的兼容性分析要求,针对24.65～25.25 GHz频段IMT-2020（5G）系统对卫星广播系统的干扰进行研究。采用蒙特卡洛的仿真方法,比较了静止轨道卫星经度分别在东经59°、85°、113°时,IMT-2020（5G）系统基站对卫星广播系统上行馈线链路的集总干扰情况。通过仿真分析,评估了5G系统对不同轨位卫星两类载波的集总干扰水平。研究结果表明,在该频段,IMT-2020（5G）系统不会对卫星广播系统产生有害干扰,相关研究结果可为未来毫米波频段IMT-2020（5G）系统频率规划以及保护卫星广播系统提供技术依据。     

26 GHz频段IMT-2020(5G)系统与卫星间业务频率共用分析方法研究

根据国际电信联盟(International Telecommunication Union,ITU)的相关建议和报告以及技术特性,提出了一种用于分析26 GHz频段IMT-2020(5G)系统与卫星间业务(Inter-Satellite Service,ISS)兼容共存性的方法.方法将全球较大面积部署的国际移动通信系统(International Mobile Telecommunications,IMT)基站合理地建模为一定数量的中心站,从时间和空间两个维度开展分析.其中,时间分析以全球范围的IMT-2020(5G)基站为对象; 空间分析以中国大陆范围的IMT-2020(5G)基站为对象,还考虑了实际的城市人口数量.分析结果表明,在26 GHz频段部署IMT系统,与卫星间业务具有兼容共存的空间.     

3.5 GHz频段5G系统对ATG系统干扰分析

为研究3.5 GHz频段地面5G系统对地空宽带通信(air to ground,ATG)系统同频同步干扰情况,对该频段中5G系统与飞机上ATG系统间的同频共存问题进行了系统间同频共存分析.采用5G系统技术参数,在城区、城郊连续和郊区不同场景下,仿真5G系统基站(base station,BS)对机载ATG系统干扰情况及...     

6 GHz频段IMT系统对卫星固定业务干扰分析

6 GHz作为移动宽带发展频谱使用有利于全球5G产业持续健康发展,为满足6 GHz频段国际移动通信(IMT)系统的使用需求,需要开展6 GHz频段下IMT与同频卫星固定(地对空)业务频谱共存研究,以保护该频段的卫星固定(地对空)业务的正常工作.首先分析IMT系统对卫星固定(地对空)业务的干扰场景,然后采用蒙特卡洛仿真方...     

固定无线接入系统对卫星地球站的干扰分析

为了使共用同一频段的3.5 GHz固定无线接入系统（FWA）和C波段固定卫星业务（FSS）实现共存,就需要对这两个系统间的干扰进行分析。采用确定性计算方法主要研究了在建筑物密集但排列比较整齐的地形中3.5 GHz固定无线接入系统对C波段卫星地球站产生的同频干扰,给出了同频干扰的计算方法,并进行了仿真分析,从而验证了在这种地形下实现两系统干扰共存的可行性。     

移动通信基站对卫星固定业务的干扰分析

随着近年来5G网络建设的快速发展,由于其分配频率与卫星固定业务(FSS)标准C波段频率相邻,从而导致移动通信基站对卫星信号接收造成干扰的案例时有发生.本文从几种常见的移动通信基站干扰类型出发,对其成因、现象和排除的措施加以阐述,对解决相应干扰问题具有一定的参考价值.     

我国Ka频段卫星固定业务系统间干扰特性分析研究

针对我国Ka频段使用卫星固定业务的非对地静止卫星轨道（Non-Geostationary Satellite Orbit,NGSO）星座系统对对地静止卫星轨道（Geostationary Satellite Orbit,GSO）系统的干扰问题开展研究.在梳理国际电联技术建议书和《无线电规则》的基础上,通过理论分析和仿真计算等手段,对不同链路场景下NGSO星座系统对GSO系统在Ka频段的干扰问题进行分析计算.研究结果表明,在NGSO星座系统与GSO系统上下行通信有重叠部分的频段,其对GSO系统都会产生严重干扰.最后给出降低干扰的措施与建议.为我国未来拟使用Ka频段的NGSO星座系统对GSO系统的干扰分析提供参考.     

25.25～27.5 GHz频段卫星间业务与IMT系统兼容性研究

基于现有技术参数,研究了25.25～27.5 GHz频段国际移动通信（IMT）系统与卫星间业务数据中继卫星（DRS）系统间的干扰共存情况。采用集总干扰评估方法,比较了数据中继卫星经度分别在59°、85°、113°时,IMT基站对其造成干扰的情况。此外,还通过固定干扰余量,推导了IMT基站总数及其与IMT发射功率之间的关系。研究结果可为未来25.25～27.5 GHz频段IMT系统设计与部署、5G频率规划提供借鉴。     

Q/V频段5G基站对NGSO星座系统地球站的干扰分析

针对Q/V频段5G基站对非静止轨道(Non-geostationary Orbit,NGSO)星座系统地球站的同频干扰问题,提出了一种5G毫米波系统与NGSO星座系统下行链路间的干扰分析方法.结合NG-SO星座系统地球站天线指向的时变性,建立了基于时间离散的"拉远式"和"挖洞式"的动态干扰分析模型,并从强度和集总效应两...     

On the power flux‐density limits to protect the fixed service from HEO FSS satellites emissions in the 18 GHz band

This paper focuses on the protection of Fixed Service (FS) receivers from the aggregate interference produced by the satellites of multiple highly elliptical orbit satellite systems (HEOs). It analyzes the protection given to FS receivers operating in the 18 GHz frequency band by different power flux‐density (pfd) masks. These masks establish the maximum allowable pfd produced by each HEO satellite at the Earth's surface. The protections offered by four different pfd masks are analysed in two interfering environments, each containing three HEO systems. Two types of HEO system, with different orbital characteristics, are considered: one having satellites that operate only in the northern hemisphere and another having satellites that operate in both hemispheres. To reflect the multiplicity of possibilities concerning the geographical location and technical characteristics of the victim FS receiver (e.g. latitude, longitude, azimuth and elevation of its receiving antenna, antenna gain, receiver noise temperature, etc.) a large amount of results and curves is usually generated by the studies, making it difficult to draw general conclusions on the protection offered by the pfd masks under analysis. In looking for alternative ways of presenting the obtained results, a new variable was defined: the interference in excess. This new variable was defined in a way so that its probability distribution function reflects the protection given to an FS receiver located at a given latitude with a given receiving antenna elevation angle. It indicates the protection of an FS receiver for which the location longitude and the azimuth of the pointing direction of its receiving antenna are randomly chosen. This allows the large amount of results to be compacted into a small number of more representative curves from which general conclusions on the protection offered by the different pfd masks are easily drawn. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

3.5GHz频段固定无线接入系统与固定卫星业务的兼容性分析

根据信息产业部无线电管理局信部无(2000)88号文件要求,3400-3430MHz/3500-3530MHz的2×30MHz的频率拟供FDD方式中的高速无线接入使用.经过技术试验及电磁兼容分析,若证明3.5FGHz频段固定无线接入系统(FWA)系统与卫星C扩展频段有频率共用之可能,并确定了共用条件后,可根据FWA系统的技术发展与市场需求,研究和确定FWA系统如何在3400-3600MHz频段内实现与卫星系统的频率公用.若证明两者之间不可兼容,或为避免相互干扰,FWA系统将于2005年底前退出3400-3600MHz频段.本文将对FWA系统与卫星固定业务的兼容性进行分析.     

5G毫米波焦点频段(26 GHz)全球研究动态与展望

阐述了5G系统毫米波焦点频段(26 GHz频段)全球频谱划分与现有应用概况,对全球研究动态与主要国家和地区的初步观点进行了梳理与总结。结合本频段现有无线电业务应用情况,重点剖析了开展频谱兼容性研究的关键场景、研究方法与主要挑战。最后,对5G系统有助于兼容共存的特征进行了归纳,为后续研究指明了方向。相关内容可为该频段5G频率规划提供借鉴。     

Protection of FS receivers from the interference produced by HEO FSS satellites in the 18 GHz band: Effect of the roll‐off characteristics of the HEO system satellite antenna beams

This paper focuses on the protection of fixed service (FS) receivers from the aggregate interference produced by the satellites of multiple highly elliptical orbit satellite systems (HEOs). It analyzes the protection given to FS receivers operating in the 18 GHz frequency band by the power flux‐density (pfd) mask contained in Article 21 of the 2003 edition of the Radio Regulations [International Telecommunication Union, 2003.]. This mask establishes the maximum allowable value for the pfd produced by any of the satellites of a non‐geostationary system at the Earth's surface. The protection offered to FS receivers by this mask is analyzed in four interfering environments, each containing three identical HEO systems. Four types of HEO systems, with different orbital characteristics, are considered: three having satellites that operate only in the northern hemisphere and one having satellites that operate in both hemispheres. All satellite antennas are assumed to radiate 0.3° spot beams. Each HEO satellite is modelled so that the maximum pfd it produces at the Earth's surface just meets the RR Article 21 mask and the analysis takes into account the roll‐off characteristics of the satellite antenna beams. To reflect the multiplicity of possibilities concerning the geographical location and technical characteristics of the victim FS receiver (e.g. latitude, longitude, azimuth and elevation of its receiving antenna, antenna gain, receiver noise temperature, etc.) a number of cases were evaluated. The concept of interference in excess [Int. J. Satellite Commun. Networking 2006; 24 : 73–95] was used to combine the results corresponding to FS receivers located at the same latitude and having the same receiving antenna elevation angle but for which the location longitude and the azimuth of the pointing direction of its receiving antenna are randomly chosen. Results are expressed in terms of the cumulative distribution function of the interference in excess. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On the interference from space research service uplink transmissions into the inter‐satellite links of a non‐GSO system operating in the 22‐GHz band

This paper presents a compatibility analysis involving space research service lunar mission uplink transmissions and the inter‐satellite links of non‐geostationary orbit systems operating in the 22‐GHz band. Three points differentiate this analysis from the currently available studies: (1) the mathematical model used here allows for the consideration of the time varying nature of the inclination of the Moon orbital plane; (2) besides the usual unconditional interference cumulative distribution functions, this analysis also considers the conditional cumulative distribution functions given that the victim satellite is receiving interference, important to characterize the interference affecting users that, because of their location, are most of the time using satellites, which are under interference; and (3) instead of dynamic time simulation, the analytical method in Recommendation ITU‐R S.1529 is used to determine the various cumulative distribution functions involved. Four scenarios are examined in the paper. Their main differences concern the number and location of the space research service transmitting Earth stations and the strategy under which they are active (transmitting). In all scenarios, cumulative distribution functions of the ratio I/N were determined for both the in‐band and the out‐of‐band interference cases. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On the protection of fixed service receivers from the interference generated by non‐GSO satellite systems operating in the 3.7‐4.2 GHz band

In this work, the current power‐flux density limits in Article 21 of the ITU‐R Radio Regulations for non‐geostationary satellite orbit (GSO) systems operating in the 3.7‐4.2 GHz band are analyzed. These limits aim the protection of fixed service receivers, operating in the same frequency band, from the interference produced by non‐GSO satellite systems. The analysis was motivated by Resolution 157 of the World Radiocommunication Conference 2015, that recognized the need for a revision of Article 21 with a view to enabling non‐GSO systems to operate in these fixed‐satellite service frequency bands while ensuring that existing primary services are protected. In the analysis, 5 different circular Walker Delta type satellite constellation structures, adequately chosen, are considered, and the results show that the current power‐flux density (pfd) limits may impose undue constraints to non‐GSO systems operating in this band. Therefore, a methodology to investigate a more adequate pfd limiting mask is presented and used to generate an alternative mask. An evaluation of the proposed pfd mask shows that it does not impose unnecessary constraints to the non‐GSO satellite systems. This, along with other facts, indicates that the proposed pfd limits are, indeed, much more adequate than the current ones.     

Broadband sub-6 GHz flower-shaped MIMO antenna with high isolation using theory of characteristic mode analysis (TCMA) for 5G NR bands and WLAN applications

A small size neutralization line integrated flower-shaped MIMO antenna is designed and analyzed for sub-6 GHz type 5G NR frequency bands like n79 (4400–5000 MHz), n78 (3300–3800 MHz), n77 (3300–4200 MHz), and WLAN (5150–5825 MHz) applications. The novel approach of theory of characteristic mode analysis (TCMA) is introduced to provide physical insight of the designed structure and its characteristics behavior. Due to the suggested modifications in the geometry, the isolation among the patches is greatly increased. The overall miniaturized dimension of the MIMO antenna is 25 × 40 mm². The edge-edge spacing among the elements is 0.0233λ. The prototype antenna is fabricated and measured that shows good agreement compared with simulated results. The designed MIMO antenna without the presence of decoupling structure offers an isolation of 28 dB, gain of 3.6 dBi, and radiation efficiency of 69.7% at the resonant frequency. The proposed MIMO antenna covers a broad range of frequency band from 3.296 to 5.962 GHz with −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 2666 MHz and maintains a good isolation of greater than 50 dB for the entire operating band. The tested radiation efficiency and gain are 85.3% and 6.22 dBi at 3.5 GHz. Moreover, the diversity parameters of the neutralization line integrated MIMO antenna, that is, channel capacity loss (CCL) isolation, mean effective gain (MEG), total active reflection coefficient (TARC) diversity gain (DG), and envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), are analyzed and discussed in this article.