（110）应变对立方相Ca2Si能带结构及光学性质的影响

采用第一性原理贋势平面波方法对(110)应变下立方相Ca2P0.25Si0.75的能带结构及光学性质进行模拟计算,全面分析了应变对Ca2P0.25Si0.75能带结构、光学性质的影响。计算结果表明：在92%~100%压应变范围内随着应变的逐渐增大导带向低能方向移动,价带向高能方向移动,带隙呈线性逐渐减小,但始终为直接带隙;在100%~102%张应变范围内随着应变的增加,带隙呈逐渐增大,应变达到102%直接带隙最大Eg=0.54378eV;在102%~104%应变范围内随着应变的增加,带隙逐渐减小;当应变大于104%带隙变为间接带隙且带隙随着应变增大而减小。施加应变Ca2P0.25Si0.75的介电常数、折射率均增大;施加压应变吸收系数增加,反射率减小;施加张应变吸收系数减小,反射率增加。综上所述,应变可以改变Ca2P0.25Si0.75的电子结构和光学常数,是调节Ca2P0.25Si0.75光电传输性能的有效手段。     

（110）应变对立方相Ca2Si能带结构及光学性质的影响

采用第一性原理贋势平面波方法对(110)应变下立方相Ca2P0.25Si0.75的能带结构及光学性质进行模拟计算,全面分析了应变对Ca2P0.25Si0.75能带结构、光学性质的影响。计算结果表明：在92%~100%压应变范围内随着应变的逐渐增大导带向低能方向移动,价带向高能方向移动,带隙呈线性逐渐减小,但始终为直接带隙;在100%~102%张应变范围内随着应变的增加,带隙呈逐渐增大,应变达到102%直接带隙最大Eg=0.54378eV;在102%~104%应变范围内随着应变的增加,带隙逐渐减小;当应变大于104%带隙变为间接带隙且带隙随着应变增大而减小。施加应变Ca2P0.25Si0.75的介电常数、折射率均增大;施加压应变吸收系数增加,反射率减小;施加张应变吸收系数减小,反射率增加。综上所述,应变可以改变Ca2P0.25Si0.75的电子结构和光学常数,是调节Ca2P0.25Si0.75光电传输性能的有效手段。     

Variation of the electronic properties of zigzag boron nitride nanotubes by Al-doping: a DFT study

Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are semiconductors with a wide band gap. In comparison with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), BNNTs have higher chemical stability, excellent mechanical properties and higher thermal conductivity. In this paper, we study the effect of diameters and substituting B and N atoms of various zigzag BNNTs with Al, on structural and electronic properties of BNNTs in solid state using the density functional theory method. The results of calculations of density of states and band structure (band) showed that the band gap between the valence and conduction level increases as a result of the enhancement of tube diameter of BNNTs. Finally, the results showed that the electronic properties of the pristine BNNTs can be improved by doping Al atom in the zigzag configuration of tubes.     

不同浓度Mg掺杂单层Janus WSSe的第一性原理研究

二维Janus WSSe作为一种新型过渡金属硫族化合物(TMDs)材料由于其独特的面外非对称结构及众多新颖的物理特性,在自旋电子器件中具有巨大的应用潜力.本文基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波赝势方法,通过构建四种掺杂模型W_9-xMg_xS₉Se₉(x=0、1、2、3),分别计算了不同浓度Mg掺杂单层WSSe的电子结构和光学性质.结果表明：掺杂使得WSSe由直接带隙半导体变为间接带隙半导体,并且随着掺杂浓度的增加,带隙逐渐减小,费米能级穿过价带,使得掺杂体系变成P型半导体,当x=3时,掺杂体系呈现金属性.此外,掺杂体系的静态介电常数随着掺杂浓度的增加而变大,极化程度显著增强,介电函数虚部和光吸收峰都发生了红移,说明掺杂有利于可见光的吸收.并且,静态折射率随着掺杂浓度的增加而呈现上升趋势,同时消光系数的峰值也与Mg原子的掺杂浓度呈现正相关.     

First principle investigation of the electronic and thermoelectric properties of Mg_2C

In this paper, electronic and thermoelectric properties of Mg_2C are investigated by using first principle pseudo potential method based on density functional theory and Boltzmann transport equations. We calculate the lattice parameters,bulk modulus, band gap and thermoelectric properties(Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity) of this material at different temperatures and compare them with available experimental and other theoretical data. The calculations show that Mg_2C is indirect band semiconductor with a band gap of 0.75 eV. The negative value of Seebeck coefficient shows that the conduction is due to electrons. The electrical conductivity decreases with temperature and Power factor(PF) increases with temperature. The thermoelectric properties of Mg_2C have been calculated in a temperature range of 100 K–1200 K.     

第一性原理研究B掺杂Mn_4Si_7的电子结构和光学性质

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算方法,对未掺杂及B掺杂Mn_4Si_7的电子结构和光学性质进行理论计算.研究结果表明,未掺杂Mn_4Si_7是间接带隙半导体,其禁带宽度为0.786 eV,B掺杂后其禁带宽度下降为0.723 eV. B掺杂Mn_4Si_7是p型半导体材料.未掺杂Mn_4Si_7在近红外区的吸收系数达到10~5 cm~(-1),B掺杂引起Mn_4Si_7的折射率、吸收系数、反射系数及光电导率增加.     

压力对有机半导体均苯四甲酸晶体结构转变和电子性质的影响

研究高压条件下均苯四甲酸(C₁₀H₆O₈)材料的结构和性质对探索有机半导体材料的应用有积极意义.基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理赝势平面波方法,开展了0-300 GPa压强下C₁₀H₆O₈晶体的结构、电子和光学性质的研究.晶格常数在压强20 GPa和150 GPa下出现了明显跳变,且原子之间随着压强变化反复地出现成键/断键现象,表明压强可诱导晶体结构变化.电子结构的性质表明,0 GPa的C₁₀H₆O₈晶体是带隙为3.1 eV的直接带隙半导体,而压强增加到150 GPa时,带隙突变为0 eV,表明了晶体由半导体转变为导体.当压强为160 GPa时,晶体又变成了能隙约为1eV的间接带隙半导体,这可能是费米能级附近仅受O-2p轨道电子影响所导致.通过对C₁₀H₆O₈晶体介电函数的分析,再次验证了晶体在150 GPa时发生了结构相变.同时...     

Versatile GaInO_3-sheet with strain-tunable electronic structure,excellent mechanical flexibility,and an ideal gap for photovoltaics

Due to many remarkable physical and chemical properties, two-dimensional(2D) nanomaterials have become a hot spot in the field of condensed matter physics. In this paper, we have studied the structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of the 2D GaInO_3 system by first-principles method. We find that 2D Ga InO_3 can exist stably at ambient condition. Molecular dynamic simulations show that GaInO_3-sheet has excellent thermal stability and is stable up to1100 K. Electronic structural calculations show that GaInO_3-sheet has a band gap of 1.56 eV, which is close to the ideal band gap of solar cell materials, demonstrating great potential in future photovoltaic application. In addition, strain effect studies show that the GaInO_3-sheet structure always exhibits a direct band gap under biaxial compressive strain, and as the biaxial compressive strain increases, the band gap gradually decreases until it is converted into metal. While biaxial tensile strain can cause the 2D material to transform from a direct band gap semiconductor into an indirect band gap semiconductor,and even to metal. Our research expands the application of the Ga InO_3 system, which may have potential application value in electronic devices and solar energy.     

Effect of oxidation of graphene nanoribbons on electronic and magnetic properties

The electronic properties, band gap and ionization potential as well as the energies of the singlet and triplet states of zigzag and armchair graphene nanoribbons are calculated as a function of the number of oxygen atoms on the ribbon employing density functional theory at B3LYP/6-31G* level. The calculated band gaps indicate that both structures are semiconducting. The band gap of the armchair ribbons initially decreases followed by an increase with oxygen number. For zigzag ribbons the band gap decreases with increasing oxygen number whereas the ionization potential increases with oxygen content. In both armchair and zigzag ribbons the ionization potential shows a gradual increase with the number of oxygen atoms. Some of the oxygenated ribbons calculated have triplet ground states and have the density of states at the Fermi level for spin down greater than spin up suggesting the possibility they may be ferromagnetic semiconductors.     

Mn掺杂6H-SiC的第一性原理研究

本文通过密度泛函理论第一性原理平面波超软赝势计算方法计算了Mn掺杂6H-SiC的电子结构与光学性质。计算结果显示掺杂Mn后的6H-SiC为间接带隙p型半导体,且带隙较本征体有所降低,带隙由2.022 eV降为0.602 eV,电子从价带跃迁所需能量减少。掺杂后的Mn的3d能级在能带结构中以杂质能级出现,提高了载流子浓度,导电性增强。光学性质研究中,掺杂Mn后的介电函数虚部在低能处增加,电子激发态数量增多,跃迁概率增大。掺杂后的光吸收谱能量初值也较未掺杂的3.1 eV扩展到0 eV,反射谱发生红移。由于禁带宽度的降低使得光电导率起始范围得到扩展。     

Si(001)面上外延生长的Ru2 Si3电子结构及光学性质研究

基于第一性原理的赝势平面波方法,对异质外延关系为Ru2Si3(100)//Si(001),取向关系为Ru2Si3[010]//Si[110]正交相的Ru2Si3平衡体系下能带结构、态密度和光学性质等进行了理论计算.计算结果表明:当1.087 nm≤a≤1.099 nm时,正交相Ru2Si3的带隙值随着晶格常数a取值的增大而增大.当a取值为1.093 nm时,体系处于稳定状态,此时Ru2Si3是具有带隙值为0.773 eV的直接带隙半导体.Ru2Si3价带主要是由Si的3p,3s态电子及Ru 4d态电子构成;导带主要由Ru的4d及Si的3p态电子构成.外延稳定态及其附近各点处Ru2Si3介电函数的实部和虚部变化趋势基本一致,但外延稳定态Ru2Si3介电函数的曲线相对往低能区漂移,出现的介电峰减少且峰的强度明显增强.     

Indirect-direct band gap transition of two-dimensional arsenic layered semiconductors—cousins of black phosphorus

The monolayer arsenic in the puckered honeycomb structure was recently predicted to be a stable two-dimensional layered semiconductor and therefore named arsenene. Unfortunately, it has an indirect band gap, which limits its practical application. Using first-principles calculations, we show that the band gaps of few-layer arsenic have an indirect-direct transition as the number of arsenic layers(n) increases from n=1 to n=2. As n increases from n=2 to infinity, the stacking of the puckered honeycomb arsenic layers forms the orthorhombic arsenic crystal ??-As, arsenolamprite), which has a similar structure to the black phosphorus and also has a direct band gap. This indirect-direct transition stems from the distinct quantum-confinement effect on the indirect and direct band-edge states with different wavefunction distribution. The strain effect on these electronic states is also studied, showing that the in-plane strains can induce very different shift of the indirect and direct band edges, and thus inducing an indirect-direct band gap transition too. The band gap dependence on strain is non-monotonic, with both positive and negative deformation potentials. Although the gap of arsenene opens between As p-p bands, the spin-orbit interaction decreases the gap by only 0.02 e V, which is much smaller than the decrease in Ga As with an s-p band gap. The calculated band gaps of arsenene and ?-As using the hybrid functional are 1.4 and 0.4 e V respectively, which are comparable to those of phosphorene and black phosphorus.     

Electro-optical properties of zigzag and armchair boron nitride nanotubes under a transverse electric field: Tight binding calculations

The electro-optical properties of zigzag and armchair BNNTs in a uniform transverse electric field are investigated within tight binding approximation. It is found that the electric field modifies the band structure and splits band degeneracy where these effects reflect in the DOS and JDOS spectra. A decrease in the band gap, as a function of the electric field, is observed. This gap reduction increases with the diameter and it is independent of chirality. An analytic function to estimate the electric field needed for band gap closing is proposed which is in good agreement with DFT results. In additional, we show that the larger diameter tubes are more sensitive than small ones. Number and position of peaks in DOS and JDOS spectra for armchair and zigzag tubes with similar radius are dependent on electric field strength.     

点缺陷对单层MoS2电子结构及光学性质的影响研究

采用基于第一性原理的贋势平面波方法,对不同类型点缺陷单层MoS2电子结构、能带结构、态密度和光学性质进行计算。计算结果表明：单层MoS2属于直接带隙半导体,禁带宽度为1.749ev,V-Mo缺陷的存在使得MoS2转化为间接带隙Eg=0.671eV的p型半导体,V-S缺陷MoS2的带隙变窄为Eg=0.974eV,S-Mo缺陷的存在使得MoS2转化为间接带隙Eg=0.482eV; Mo-S缺陷形成Eg=0.969eV直接带隙半导体,费米能级上移靠近价带。 费米能级附近的电子态密度主要由Mo的4d态和s的3p态电子贡献。光学性质计算表明：空位缺陷对MoS2的光学性质影响最为显著,可以增大MoS2的静态介电常数、折射率n0和反射率,降低吸收系数和能量损失。     

锰掺杂二硅化铬电子结构和光学性质的第一性原理计算

采用基于第一性原理的密度泛函理论(DFT)赝势平面波方法计算了锰掺杂二硅化铬(CrSi2)体系的能带结构、态密度和光学性件质.计算结果表明末掺杂CrSi2属于间接带隙半导体间接带隙宽度△ER=0.35 eV;Mn掺杂后费米能级进入导带,带隙变窄,且间接带隙宽度△Eg=0.24 eV,CrSi2转变为n型半导体.光学参数发生改变,静态介电常数由掺杂前的ε1(O)=32变为掺杂后的ε1(O)=58;进一步分析了掺杂对CrSi2的能带结构、态密度和光学性质的影响,为CrSi2材料掺杂改件的研究提供r理论依据.     

Ge，Al掺杂锰硅化合物Mn4Si7的第一性原理计算

基于密度泛函理论（DFT）的第一性原理计算方法,对本征Mn4Si7以及Ge,Al单掺杂和共掺杂Mn4Si7的晶体结构,能带结构,态密度以及光学性质进行了计算和分析.计算结果表明：本征态Mn4Si7的禁带宽度为0.810 eV,为直接带隙半导体材料,掺杂后晶体结构稍微变化,禁带宽度减小,且共掺杂时禁带宽度最小,电导率最好.Al以及Ge,Al共同掺杂时会产生杂质能级.掺杂后光子能量向低能级方向移动,光电导率,光吸收,反射系数都有所增大,说明掺杂改善了Mn4Si7的光学性质,从而可以提高光伏发电效率.     

二维BC2 N薄片的结构稳定性和电子性质

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,对二维BC₂N薄片的结构稳定性和电子性质进行了系统的研究.计算了BC₂N化合物16种可能的二维单层结构.对它们的能带结构分析发现,对称性最高的构型与石墨烯一样是一种半金属,而其他二维结构则为有不同带隙的半导体,其中最稳定的构型是带隙值为1.63 eV的直接带隙半导体.对最稳定构型的差分电荷密度分析和Bader分析发现:在最稳定的构型中,C–C键、C–N键、C–B键和B–N键主要以共价键的形式呈现,也具有比较明显的离子性.在应力作用下最稳定构型的单层BC₂N的带隙宽度会发生变化,压缩时带隙变宽,而拉伸时带隙变窄,但仍然为直接带隙半导体. 关键词： 2N')" href="#">BC₂N 单层原子薄片 电子结构 从头计算     

Observation of the giant stark effect in boron-nitride nanotubes

Bias dependent scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy have been used to characterize the influence of transverse electric fields on the electronic properties of boron-nitride nanotubes (BNNTs). We find experimental evidence for the theoretically predicted giant Stark effect. The observed giant Stark effect significantly reduces the band gap of BNNTs and thus greatly enhances the utility of BNNTs for nanoscale electronic, electromechanical, and optoelectronic applications.     

高压下固态Kr弹性性质、电子结构和光学性质的第一性原理计算

采用密度泛函理论中平面波基矢,模守恒赝势结合局域密度近似以及广义梯度近似对固态Kr在高压下的结构以及弹性性质进行了研究, 通过计算发现弹性常数,Debye温度以及声速都随压力的增大而增大,所计算的弹性常数与实验和其他的理论符合的很好. 利用Debye模型得到了固态Kr的热力学性质, 熵随压力的增大而减小,随温度升高而升高;而定容热容C_v,定压热容C_p则随温度升高而升高,而且C_v在达到一定温度时趋于定值,所得的热力学性质和实验值是相符的．最后还预测了固态Kr在高压下的电子结构和光学性质, 计算结果表明随压力的增加固态Kr的前沿能带变窄,光吸收系数增大,吸收峰增宽,电子更容易发生跃迁,固态Kr有可能转化为半导体． 关键词： Kr 第一性原理 弹性常数 光学性质     

B、N单掺杂3C-SiC电子结构和光学性质的第一性原理研究

采用第一性原理的密度泛函理论赝势平面波方法,计算了未掺杂与B、N单掺杂3C-SiC的电子结构和光学性质.结果表明:掺杂改变了3C-SiC费米面附近的电子结构;B掺杂使得禁带宽度减小,价带顶上移,费米能级进入价带,形成p型半导体;N掺杂使得禁带宽度减小,导带底下移,费米能级进入导带,形成n型半导体.B、N掺杂均提高了3C-SiC在低能区的折射率、消光系数和吸收系数,增强了对红外光谱的吸收.