非线性轨迹优化问题的保辛自适应求解方法

非线性轨迹优化问题一般是一个非线性最优控制问题。将非线性系统的最优控制问题导入到哈密顿体系的辛几何空间当中,基于对偶变量变分原理提出了求解非线性最优控制问题的一种保辛自适应方法。以时间区段两端协态作为独立变量,在时间区段内采用拉格朗日插值近似状态和协态变量,并利用对偶变量变分原理将非线性最优控制问题转化为非线性方程组的求解,保持了哈密顿系统的辛几何结构。并进一步,提出了基于多层次迭代的自适应算法,提高了非线性最优控制问题的求解效率。数值实验验证了该算法在求解非线性轨迹优化问题中的有效性。     

短波近似的保辛算法

WKBJ短波近似是最常用的有效求解方法之一。保守体系的微分方程可用Hamilton体系的方法描述,其特点是保辛。保辛给出保守体系结构最重要的特性。但WKBJ短波近似却未曾考虑保辛的问题。WKBJ近似可用自变量坐标变换,然后再给出其保辛摄动。数值例题展示了本文变换保辛算法的有效性。     

高阶Schrdinger型方程的两层高精度恒稳差分格式

众所周知,高阶Schro¨dinger方程在量子力学、非线性光学及流体力学中都有广泛的应用。本文对高阶Schro¨dinger型方程 u t=i(-1)m 2mu x2m(其中i=-1,m为正整数),利用待定系数法,构造出一个两层高精度的隐式差分格式。其截断误差阶为O((Δt)2+(Δx)6),比同类格式精度高2～4阶,并用Fourier分析法证明了它是绝对稳定的。最后,数值例子表明本文格式比著名的Crank-Nicolson格式精度高10-2～10-7,这说明我们的格式是有效的,理论分析与实际计算相吻合。     

复弯矩表示的非圆截面杆平衡的Schrdinger方程及其半解析解

弹性细杆的平衡和稳定性问题的研究在工程和分子生物学中有重要的应用背景。利用文中提出的复柔度概念,建立了用复弯矩表示的非圆截面杆平衡的Schrdinger方程。借助复曲率概念,导出以杆的曲率、挠率和截面相对Frenet坐标系的扭角为未知变量的2阶常微分方程,此方程与传统使用的Kirchhoff方程等价。文献中仅适用于圆截面杆平衡问题的Schrdinger方程为本文导出方程的特例。对于准对称截面杆,用小参数法分别建立了零次和一次近似方程,其中零次近似方程存在解析解。对于截面的主轴坐标轴与中心线的Frenet坐标轴重合的无扭转杆特殊情形,Schrdinger方程转化为Duffing方程,应用数值方法作出了Duffing杆变形后的三维几何图形。     

对一般Hamilton体系近似解保辛条件的讨论

文献[1]给出的一般Hamilton体系近似解保辛的条件,尚需讨论。其中(3.5~6)的证明适用于v·=H(z)v的系统,要求H(z)是Hamilton矩阵,齐次方程。即使Hamilton矩阵是与位移有关的H(z,q),仍可适用。但一般Hamilton体系未必能表示为v·=H·v,例如存在有势外力的情况,此时是非齐次线性方程。故在一般情况下,近似解是否保辛的原则尚需明确。一般的Hamilton正则方程体系非线性,通常用数值积分近似求解,故时间坐标离散而成为长η的序列,离散坐标体系。分析结构力学[2]考虑了离散坐标的情况,其中证明了区段两端状态向量之间关系ζ=ζ(v)的微商S(v)是…     

骑行波的非线性演化方程

从能量的角度出发,采用Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ描述交结合变分原理和摄动分析,并借助于符号运算导出了骑行在大波上的小波的Ｈａｍｉｔｏｎ密度函数和非线性动力学方程。这里的大流和小波是对波高而言的。在Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ描述中,正则变量取为波高和速度势。本文导出了描述小波演化的二阶方程,在一阶近下的方程与Ｈｅｎｙｅｙ等人（１９８８）的结果一致。     

复弯矩表示的非圆截面杆平衡的Schrǒdinger方程及其半解析解

弹性细杆的平衡和稳定性问题的研究在工程和分子生物学中有重要的应用背景。利用文中提出的复柔度概念，建立了用复弯矩表示的非圆截面杆平衡的Schrǒdinger方程。借助复曲率概念，导出以杆的曲率、挠率和截面相对Frenet坐标系的扭角为未知变量的2阶常微分方程，此方程与传统使用的Kirchhoff方程等价。文献中仅适用于圆截面杆平衡问题的Schrǒdinger方程为本文导出方程的特例。对于准对称截面杆，用小参数法分别建立了零次和一次近似方程，其中零次近似方程存在解析解。对于截面的主轴坐标轴与中心线的Frenet坐标轴重合的无扭转杆特殊情形，Schrǒdinger方程转化为Duffing方程，应用数值方法作出了Duffing杆变形后的三维几何图形。     

三维Schr?dinger方程的改进无单元Galerkin方法

建立了三维Schr?dinger方程的改进的无单元Galerkin(简称IEFG)方法。采用改进的移动最小二乘法(简称IMLS)建立三维Schr?dinger方程的试函数,代入该问题基于罚函数法施加本质边界条件的Galerkin积分弱形式,推导IEFG方法的计算公式,然后采用差分法求解IEFG方法得到的方程,得到了最终的离散方程。利用算例讨论了权函数、影响域比例参数和罚函数对精度的影响,以及解的收敛性、误差和计算效率,说明了本文IEFG方法的正确性,以及具有比无单元Galerkin(简称EFG)方法更高计算效率的优点。     

Nonlinear Schrdinger equation with combined power-type nonlinearities and harmonic potential

This paper discusses a class of nonlinear Schrdinger equations with combined power-type nonlinearities and harmonic potential. By constructing a variational problem the potential well method is applied. The structure of the potential well and the properties of the depth function are given. The invariance of some sets for the problem is shown. It is proven that, if the initial data are in the potential well or out of it, the solutions will lie in the potential well or lie out of it, respectively. By the convexity method, the sharp condition of the global well-posedness is given.     

求解非线性动力学方程的分段直接积分法

针对n维未知向量v的一阶微分方程dv/dt=Hv f(v,t）进行求解。首先，将非线性部分f(v,t)在所论时刻tk处用t-tk=T的j次多项式来近似，然后借助分段直接积分法，导出了各段内的、用T的解析函数表达的求解公式，通过选取j值，可获得一系列具有不同精度的近似解，便于研究非线性动力学行为与其物理参数的依赖关系。为适应实际计算，还全面讨论了上述多项式的确定方法，其中包括避免求f(v,t)导数的算法。算例表明所提出的方法不仅可用于求解非线性动力响应问题，而且对研究解的形态和稳定性，如对吸引子、极限环、二次Hopf分岔等的分析也不失为一个有效的工具。     

Superconvergence analysis of bi-<Emphasis Type="Italic">k</Emphasis>-degree rectangular elements for two-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation

Superconvergence has been studied for long, and many different numerical methods have been analyzed. This paper is concerned with the problem of superconvergence for a two-dimensional time-dependent linear Schrödinger equation with the finite element method. The error estimate and superconvergence property with order O(h^k+1) in the H¹ norm are given by using the elliptic projection operator in the semi-discrete scheme. The global superconvergence is derived by the interpolation post-processing technique. The superconvergence result with order O(h^k+1 + τ²) in the H¹ norm can be obtained in the Crank-Nicolson fully discrete scheme.     

Derivation of a higher order nonlinear Schrödinger equation for weakly nonlinear Rossby waves

In the paper, with the help of a perturbation expansion method a new higher order nonlinear Schrödinger (HNLS) equation is derived to describe nonlinear modulated Rossby waves in the geophysical fluid. Using this equation, the modulational wave trains are discussed. It is found that the higher order terms favor the instability growth of modulational disturbances superimposed on uniform Rossby wave trains, but the instability region becomes narrower. In addition, the latitude and uniform background basic flow are found to affect the instability growth rate and instability region of uniform Rossby wave train. However, for a geostrophic flow the background basic flow does not affect the modulational instability of uniform Rossby wave train.     

Numerical solutions of linear quadratic control for time-varying systems via symplectic conservative perturbation

Optimal control system of state space is a conservative system, whose approximate method should be symplectic conservation. Based on the precise integration method, an algorithm of symplectic conservative perturbation is presented. It gives a uniform way to solve the linear quadratic control (LQ control) problems for linear time-varying systems accurately and efficiently, whose key points are solutions of differential Riccati equation (DRE) with variable coefficients and the state feedback equation. The method is symplectic conservative and has a good numerical stability and high precision. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Gaussian beam formulations and interface conditions for the one-dimensional linear Schrödinger equation

Gaussian beams are asymptotic solutions of linear wave-like equations in the high frequency regime. This paper is concerned with the beam formulations for the Schrödinger equation and the interface conditions while beams pass through a singular point of the potential function. The equations satisfied by Gaussian beams up to the fourth order are given explicitly. When a Gaussian beam arrives at a singular point of the potential, it typically splits into a reflected wave and a transmitted wave. Under suitable conditions, the reflected wave and/or the transmitted wave will maintain a beam profile. We study the interface conditions which specify the relations between the split waves and the incident Gaussian beam. Numerical tests are presented to validate the beam formulations and interface conditions.     

Numerical solutions of linear quadratic control for time-varying systems via symplectic par conservative perturbation

Optimal control system of state space is a conservative system, whose approximate method should be symplectic conservation. Based on the precise integration method, an algorithm of symplectic conservative perturbation is presented.It gives a uniform way to solve the linear quadratic control (LQ control) problems for linear time-varying systems accurately and efficiently, whose key points are solutions of differential Riccati equation (DRE) with variable coefficients and the state feedback equation.The method is symplectic conservative and has a good numerical stability and high precision. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Orbital stability of periodic waves for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation

The nonlinear Schr?dinger equation has several families of quasi-periodic traveling waves, each of which can be parametrized up to symmetries by two real numbers: the period of the modulus of the wave profile, and the variation of its phase over a period (Floquet exponent). In the defocusing case, we show that these travelling waves are orbitally stable within the class of solutions having the same period and the same Floquet exponent. This generalizes a previous work (Gallay and Haragus, J. Diff. Equations, 2007) where only small amplitude solutions were considered. A similar result is obtained in the focusing case, under a non-degeneracy condition which can be checked numerically. The proof relies on the general approach to orbital stability as developed by Grillakis, Shatah, and Strauss, and requires a detailed analysis of the Hamiltonian system satisfied by the wave profile.     

SPACE-TIME FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR SCHRODINGER EQUATION AND ITS CONSERVATION

Energy conservation of nonlinear Schrodinger ordinary differential equation was proved through using continuous finite element methods of ordinary differential equation; Energy integration conservation was proved through using space-time continuous fully discrete finite element methods and the electron nearly conservation with higher order error was obtained through using time discontinuous only space continuous finite element methods of nonlinear Schrodinger partial equation. The numerical results are in accordance with the theory.     

Numerical solution of a nonlinear reaction-diffusion equation

A nonlinear reaction-diffusion equation is studied numerically by a Petrov-Galerkinfinite element method,which has been proved to be2nd-order accurate in time and4th-orderin space.The comparison between the exact and numerical solutions of progressive wavesshows that this numerical scheme is quite accurate,stable and efficient.It is also shown thatany local disturbance will spread,have a full growth and finally form two progressive wavespropagating in both directions.The shape and the speed of the long term progressive wavesare determined by the system itself,and do not depend on the details of the initial values.     

CONCENTRATION OF COUPLED CUBIC NONLINEAR SCHRODINGER EQUATIONS

A coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equations is considered in 2-D space. Based upon the conservation of mass and energy, local identities is established by the study of the limit behavior of the solutions, and L^2-concentration for the blow-up solutions with radially symmetry is obtained.     

Numerical solution of nonlinear ordinary differential equation for a turning point problem

By using the method in[3],several useful estimations of the derivatives of the solutionof the boundary value problem for a nonlinear ordinary differential equation with a turningpoint are obtained.With the help of the technique in[4],the uniform convergence on thesmall parameterεfor a difference scheme is proved.At the end of this paper,a numericalexample is given.The numerical result coincides with theoretical analysis.