固体推进剂燃烧驱动CO_2气动激光小信号增益测量

介绍了固体推进剂燃烧驱动 CO2 气动激光小信号增益测量的原理、方法及实验系统 ,重点说明小信号增益测量光路设计、热敏电阻红外探测器工作原理、增益输出信号滤波和放大电路设计及数据采集系统的硬件配置和软件编制原则 ,给出典型实验测量结果。实验证明 ,采用放大法可较为准确的测量固体推进剂燃烧驱动 CO2 气动激光小信号增益     

10kW连续波固体推进剂燃烧驱动CO2气动激光实验研究

 简要介绍了固体推进剂燃烧驱动连续波CO₂气动激光系统的工作原理及其突出特点，对组成10kW实验系统的各主要部件——固体推进剂燃气发生器、超音速掺混室、喷管 排、谐振腔等作了简要说明,利用该实验系统进行了上百次成功的测量或打靶实验,并对主要实验结果进行了总结分析。     

10kW固体推进剂燃烧驱动CO2气动激光数据采集系统

 介绍了10kW固体推进剂燃烧驱动CO₂气动激光的实验装置及数据采集系统,简要描述其结构组成及工作过程,对被测参数测量的方法和数据采集系统的硬件配置、性能及软件的编制原则、方法作了重点说明,并给出典型实验结果。     

燃烧驱动气动CO2激光器几种液体燃料性能差异的数值模拟

 在甲苯、苯、煤油和乙醇四种不同液体燃料燃烧驱动条件下,对气动CO₂激光器燃烧室的平衡组分、小信号增益沿流场方向的分布及激光器的输出功率进行了数值模拟,计算对比分析了该四种燃料的性能。计算结果表明甲苯是气动CO₂激光器四种燃料中最为理想的燃料。     

固定夹角反射镜扫描化学激光器小信号增益测量装置

 推导了一种新型1维快速扫描组件——固定夹角反射镜的原理,计算出了其对应于典型扫描距离10 cm和6 cm时的优化参数。并以此扫描组件为基础设计组装了化学激光器小信号增益系数1维快速扫描测量装置,该装置尺寸较小,使用比较方便,可以满足连续波DF/HF化学激光性能研究的需要,且对其扫描组件进行相应的改进,也可用于气动CO₂激光器和COIL小信号增益系数的研究。     

基于新型长周期光纤光栅的掺铒光纤放大器

报道了基于高频CO₂激光脉冲写入的新型长周期光纤光栅的低噪音掺铒光纤放大器,这种新型长周期光纤光栅是用大约几千Hz的高频CO₂激光脉冲对光纤玻璃热冲击作用而形成的.在铒纤中插入一个长周期光纤光栅,会明显减少掺铒光纤放大器的放大自发辐射(ASE)噪音.报道了两种低噪音掺铒光纤放大器,作为前置放大器和线路放大器,它们的ASE噪音指数分别从4.0 dB减少到3.5 dB和从4.8 dB减少到4.3 dB,并且在作为线放时,其小信号增益从30 dB提高到37 dB,降噪及提高增益效应十分显著.     

合肥上空大气二氧化碳Raman激光雷达探测研究

Raman激光雷达是用于大气成分探测与特性研究的有效工具.介绍了中科院安徽光学精密机械研究所自行研制的一台用于测量低对流层大气CO₂时空分布的Raman激光雷达系统,并进行了一系列观测实验和对比分析.系统选用波长355 nm的紫外激光作为光源,利用光子计数卡双通道采集大气中N₂和CO₂的Raman后向散射信号与Li-7500型H₂O/CO₂分析仪进行对比标定,通过反演获得了大气CO₂水平与垂直方向时空分布廓线,并且获得了合肥地区大气边界层CO₂的夜变化趋势.结果表明,大气CO₂在空间的分布相对均匀,Raman激光雷达与CO₂分析仪变化趋势一致性较好,能够对大气CO₂时空分布进行有效、连续的观测.     

超音速氮稀释连续波HF化学激光器小信号增益测量

 以氮为稀释剂的电激励连续波HF/DF化学激光器可以使用低温吸附泵代替传统的机械真空泵和洗消装置,大幅度降低激光器的系统体积和重量。使用小信号增益测量系统对某超音速氮稀释电激励连续波HF化学激光器的增益分布进行了测量。得到了在4种不同激光功率下P₁(4),P₁(6), P₂(4)～P₂(6)谱线的增益系数分布曲线。测得P2(4)为最强增益谱线,最大值为0.1 cm^-1;最强增益位置与最佳光轴位置相符;超音速气流使增益区延伸达2.5 cm。     

自发喇曼散射技术对燃烧场的诊断

 介绍了利用Nd:YAG激光的三倍频激发自发振动喇曼散射技术对燃烧场的诊断及相关的实验原理，测量了不同配比条件下的CH₄-air预混火焰内的主要组分(N₂，O₂，H₂O，CH₄)及其相对浓度；并分别用分子浓度测温法和斯托克斯谱与反斯托克斯谱强度比法测量了火焰的温度；还对该技术测温、测浓度的不确定度进行了分析。将该技术应用到对复杂的固体燃剂燃烧场的诊断，取得了燃烧场中几种主要燃烧组分（N₂，H₂CO，CH₄，H₂O）的喇曼光谱，以及这些组分在燃烧过程中的变化信息。     

悬摆法测量气体推进剂激光推进冲量耦合系数

 给出了悬摆法测量激光推进冲量耦合系数的原理，分别以空气、氩气、氮气和氦气为推进剂，用悬摆法测量了抛物形推力器在能量不同的单脉冲TEA CO₂激光辐照下的冲量耦合系数。实验结果表明：氩气的冲量耦合系数最高，氦气的冲量耦合系数最低；在实验测试的激光能量范围内，4种推进剂气体的激光推进冲量耦合系数基本上都随着激光能量的增加而线性增大，冲量耦合系数的相对误差为5.4%~6.4%。实验结果与国外相关实验结论一致。     

同轴膜片加载圆波导相对论行波管注-波互作用线性理论研究

 从改善圆盘加载波导作为相对论行波管慢波结构的特性入手，加入同轴内导体，着重研究其小信号理论。利用场匹配法导出了“热”色散方程并计算求解，具体分析了系统的电子注参量及慢波结构几何尺寸对小信号增益及慢波相速的影响,为同轴圆盘加载相对论行波管的设计提供了理论基础。     

Small-signal analysis of a rectangular helix structure traveling-wave-tube

This paper investigates the properties of traveling wave-beam interaction in a rectangular helix traveling-wave-tube (TWT) for a solid sheet electron beam. The `hot' dispersion equation is obtained by means of the self-consistent field theory. The small signal analysis, which includes the effects of the beam parameters and slow-wave structure (SWS) parameters, is carried out by theoretical computation. The numerical results show that the bandwidth and the small-signal gain of the rectangular helix TWT increase as the beam current increases; and the beam voltage not obviously influences the small signal gain. Among different rectangular helix structures, the small-signal gain increases as the width of the rectangular helix SWS increases, however, the bandwidth decreases whether structure parameters a and L or ψ and L are fixed or not. In addition, a comparison of the small-signal gain of this structure with a conventional round helix is made. The presented analysis will be useful for the design of the TWT with a rectangular helix circuit.     

An analysis of the free-electron laser small-signal gain in a resonator gaussian mode

A simplified analysis of the small-signal gain in the presence of a Gaussian mode is presented for several undulator designs. For a filamentary electron beam, an analytical expression of the gain is obtained and found to be in agreement with previous work and with computer simulations. A general expression of the small-signal gain for the optical klystron FEL is given.     

Theory, Design, and Operation of Large-Orbit High-Harmonic Gyroklystron Amplifiers

The high-harmonic gyroklystron is a compact RF amplifier which relies on the synchronous interaction between large-orbit axis-encircling electrons and high-order azimuthal cylindrical cavity TEn11 modes. Because of this unique structure, it offers the promise of moderate- to high-millimeter-wave output power. Experimental results for a fifth-harmonic two-cavity device are compared to both small-signal analytic theory and large-signal numerical calculations which assess gain, bandwidth, sensitivity to longitudinal velocity spread, self-oscillation, and saturation characteristics. Principal theoretical results include the transition to infinite gain as the start-oscillation current threshold is reached as well as the demonstration of the insensitivity of the small-signal gain to parallel velocity spread. The required high-energy rotating electron beam is provided through gyroresonant RF acceleration. To date, over 20 dB of small-signal gain has been achieved at 11.3 GHz in a 1.3-kG magnetic field. The design of a four-cavity configuration is also presented along with simulation of its gain, bandwidth, amplitude modulation (AM) and phase modulation (PM) sensitivity, dependence upon guiding-center spread, and large-signal saturation characteristics. This device has been constructed and initial tests have yielded a gain of 30 dB. Gain in excess of 50 dB is predicted.     

螺旋坐标系下考虑厚度的螺旋线行波管小信号研究(英文)

采用螺旋坐标系对有限厚度的螺旋带行波管进行了注波互作用的线性理论分析,利用自洽场理论得出了此结构中引入电子注后的"热"色散方程,数值计算了其小信号增益,分析了电子注参数和螺旋线厚度对于螺旋线慢波系统的色散特性的影响。结果表明:螺旋线厚度的增加,行波管的小信号增益也会增加,且带宽也略有增加。该结论为高增益宽频带的螺旋线行波管放大器的设计提供了理论基础。     

Theory and experiment of CW dye laser injection locking and its application to second harmonic generation

High-power single-mode operation of a cw ring dye laser has been obtained by injection of cw single-mode radiation. The intracavity power of this system was used to generate tunable single-mode uv radiation by frequency doubling in a temperature phase-matched ADA crystal: up to 45 W intracavity fundamental power and up to 70 mW extracted uv power have been observed. A theoretical treatment of the injection locked cw ring dye laser system is given for the stationary state. Expressions for the intracavity intensities as a function of the small-signal gain and the saturation intensity are derived.     

掺Er3+氟化物光纤振荡器中红外超短脉冲的产生

基于非线性薛定谔方程建立了氟化物(ZrF₄-BaF₂-LaF₃-AlF₃-NaF, ZBLAN)光纤振荡器中产生中红外超短脉冲的理论模型, 在此基础上研究了中红外超短脉冲在氟化物光纤振荡器中形成的物理机理, 数值模拟了氟化物光纤振荡器中中红外超短脉冲的演化过程. 分析了腔内净色散和小信号增益系数对振荡器中锁模脉冲产生的影响, 并给出了参数设置范围. 研究发现: 当掺Er³⁺氟化物光纤长度, 小信号增益系数, 不饱和损耗为一定值时, 腔内净色散在一定范围内才会出现稳定的锁模脉冲, 且随着腔内净色散增加脉冲宽度变宽, 光谱变窄, 峰值功率降低; 当掺Er³⁺氟化物光纤长度及不饱和损耗一定, 腔内净色散量为合理值, 小信号增益系数在合理的范围时可以得到稳定的锁模脉冲, 且随着小信号增益系数的增加脉冲宽度变宽, 光谱变宽, 峰值功率增加.     

Theory of Multicavity Gyrolystron Amplifier Based on a Green's Function Approach

The paper presents an application of a self-consistent field theory for gyrotrons to a multicavity gyroklystron configuration. The coupled RF field equation and the Lorentz equations are solved in the slow-time-scale formulation using a Green's function technique to satisfy appropriate boundary conditions. An analytical expression for the small-signal gain is obtained by the method of successive approximation. The theory has been developed for cylindrical TE°mnl mode as well as rectangular TE·101 mode. The theory is applied to calculate the small-signal performance characteristics of a three-cavity configuration operating with rectangular TE101 mode.     

新型高增益太赫兹折叠波导慢波结构

提出采用分段变参数型折叠波导慢波结构提高器件增益的新方法。结合小信号理论分析和束-波互作用的三维PIC数值模拟,进行分段变参数型慢波结构的理论设计研究。通过0.345 THz两段式折叠波导慢波结构的设计实现和模拟验证,结果证明, 相同的电子注工作条件下,两段式慢波结构的电子转化效率和饱和功率相对于传统均匀型慢波结构提高了94%,并可以推广应用到多段式。