Channel waveguides in Ca4GdO(BO3)3 fabricated by He+ implantation for blue-light generation

Blue light at 405 nm is generated by frequency doubling of a Ti:sapphire tunable laser in He(+)-implanted channel waveguides in gadolinium calcium oxoborate crystal. A conversion efficiency of approximately 2% W(-1) cm(-2) is achieved between TM00 fundamental and TE01 harmonic modes.     

Generation of 90-fs pulses from a mode-locked diode-pumped Yb(3+):Ca(4)GdO(BO(3))(3) laser

A diode-pumped Yb>(3+):Ca(4)GdO(BO>(3))(3) (Yb:GdCOB) laser generating 90-fs pulses at a center wavelength of 1045 nm is demonstrated. This is, to our knowledge, the shortest pulse duration obtained from an ytterbium laser with a crystalline host. This laser is mode locked with a high-finesse semiconductor saturable-absorber mirror and emits 40 mW of average power at a repetition rate of 100 MHz.     

New green self-frequency-doubling diode-pumped Nd:Ca4GdO(BO3)3 laser

3+ :Ca₄GdO(BO₃)₃ (Nd:GdCOB). 21 mW of green cw laser emission for an absorbed pump power of 820 mW were achieved under laser diode-pumping. 64 mW of green cw laser output were obtained with 1 W of absorbed pump power under titanium-sapphire pumping. Its availability in large-size crystals with good optical quality makes Nd:GdCOB a true challenger to the best SFD laser crystal reported so far: Nd:YAl₃(BO₃)₄ (Nd:YAB or NYAB). Received: 2 March 1998/Revised version: 20 May 1998     

Nonlinear optical properties of LaCa(4)O(BO(3))(3)

We have grown LaCa(4)O (BO(3))(3) (LaCOB), an isostructural member of GdCa(4)O(BO(3))(3) (GdCOB) family and characterized its nonlinear optical properties. At 1064nm, d(eff) of 0.52+/-0.05 pm /V and an angular sensitivity of 1224+/-184(cm rad)(-1) for type I frequency doubling in LaCOB were determined relative to those of KTiOPO(4) , beta-BaB(2)O(4) , KD(2)PO(4) , LiB(3)O(5) , YCa(4)O(BO(3))(3) (YCOB), and GdCOB. The d(alphabetabeta) and d(gammabetabeta) coefficients of the nonlinear optical tensor for LaCOB, GdCOB, and YCOB were determined to be equivalent within the experimental uncertainty and have values of ?0.26+/-0.04?pm/V and ?1.69+/-0.17?pm /V , respectively. From phase-matching angle measurements at 1064 and 1047nm, we predict that LaCOB is noncritically phase matched at 1042+/-1.5 nm .     

Noncritically phase-matched frequency conversion in Gd(x)Y(1-x)Ca(4)O(BO(3))(3) crystal

A nonlinear optical crystal YCa(4)O(BO(3))(3) (YCOB) is phase matchable for third-harmonic generation (THG) of a Nd:YAG laser by type I mixing between 1.064 and 0.532mum . By partial substitution of Gd for Y in YCOB, a solid solution Gd(x)Y(1-x)Ca(4)O(BO(3))(3) gradually changes the phase-matching angles of THG to (theta, ?)=(90( degrees ), 90 ( degrees )) . We present the properties of noncritically phase-matched THG in Gd(x) Y(1-x)Ca(4)O(BO(3))(3) (x=0.28) .     

Determination of the magnetic structure of SmFe(3)(BO(3))(4) by neutron diffraction: comparison with other RFe(3)(BO(3))(4) iron borates

Temperature dependent neutron diffraction studies were performed on SmFe(3)(BO(3))(4). The crystallographic structure was determined to stay as R32 over the whole studied temperature range of 2?K?相似文献   

新型Nd3+∶Ca4GdO(BO3)3自倍频晶体Cr4+∶YAG被动调Q激光特性研究

采用氙灯抽运自倍频晶体Nd3 +∶Ca4GdO(BO3 ) 3 (简称Nd∶GdCOB) ,Cr4+∶YAG被动调Q ,实现了Nd∶GdCOB晶体被动调Q激光运转 ,测量了饱和吸收体Cr4+∶YAG不同小信号透过率下绿激光单脉冲的输出能量、脉冲宽度、重复率 ,给出了描述Nd∶GdCOB晶体调Q工作原理的耦合波方程组 ,数值求解了该方程组 ,所得的理论结果与实验值相符合     

Formation of a planar optical waveguide by mega-electron-volt He+ and P+ ions implanted in a BiB(3)O(6) crystal

What is believed to be the first planar optical waveguide was formed in BiB(3)O(6) (BIBO) crystal by 2.8-MeV He(+)-ion implantation with a dose of 2x10(16)ions/cm (2) and 2.8-MeV P(+)-ion implantation with a dose of 1x10(14)ions/cm (2) at room temperature. We observed 21 darks modes for the He(+)-ion-implanted BIBO waveguides and four dark modes for the P(+)-ion-implanted waveguides. The refractive-index profile of the He(+)-implanted BIBO waveguide was analyzed. The data also suggest that the BIBO waveguides formed by MeV He(+)-ion and P(+)-ion implantation differ in their developing mechanisms.     

The growth,thermal and nonlinear optical properties of single-crystal GdAl3(BO3)4

The nonlinear optical single-crystals GdAl₃(BO₃)₄ (GAB), space group R32, were grown by the top-seed solution growth (TSSG) method. The thermal properties and the nonlinear optical characteristics have been investigated. The two principal coefficients of thermal expansion along (100) and (001) were measured to be 5.30 × 10⁻⁶, 1.88 × 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹. The transmission spectrum was measured and the second-harmonic generation (SHG) was presented. By way of our designed cross superimposed laser crystal multiplier, the frequency doubling laser at wavelength 457.5 nm was measured to be 18.2 mW and the facular properties indicated the multiplier contributed to the improvement of the frequency doubling conversion efficiency.     

Growth, spectroscopic characteristics and laser potential of Yb3+:Ca3La2(BO3)4 crystal

Crystal of Yb³⁺-doped Ca₃La₂(BO₃)₄ has been grown by the Czochralski technique. The room temperature absorption and fluorescence spectra of the crystal have been investigated. The result showed that this crystal exhibits broad absorption and emission with the FWHM of 11 nm at 978 nm and 66 nm FWHM at 1025 nm, respectively. The stimulated emission cross-section of Yb³⁺ ions were calculated using the reciprocity method and Fuchtbauer-Ladenburg method, respectively. The room temperature fluorescence decay curves of ² F _5/2 manifold of Yb³⁺ ions were recorded for both crystal and powder samples. The effect of radiation tapping on the spectroscopic properties is discussed. The result that the lifetime of the powder sample is shorter than that of the bulk sample demonstrates the existence of radiation trapping effect. The laser potentiality was also evaluated and the results show that this crystal is a good candidate for tunable and ultrashort pulse lasers.     

Dual-polarization and dual-wavelength diode-pumped laser operation from a birefringent Yb3+-doped GdAl3(BO3)4 nonlinear crystal

From two positions of the concave output mirror of the laser cavity, diode-pumped ordinary or extraordinary polarization lasing of an Yb³⁺-doped GdAl₃(BO₃)₄ nonlinear birefringent crystal is obtained. Translating the mirror at an intermediate position, simultaneous ordinary and extraordinary polarization lasing at 1046 (2.5 nm FWHM) and 1040 nm (2.2 nm FWHM), respectively, is obtained with up to 53% slope efficiency. Using a YAG:Cr⁴⁺ saturable absorber for passive Q-switching the cavity, ordinary and extraordinary pulses are obtained with an energy as high as 236 μJ and with about 30 ns duration. The two pulses of orthogonal polarizations can be separated by up to a few hundred ns, depending on the experimental conditions. The simultaneity of the pulses is observed but is difficult to maintain. A model constituted by two coupled equations reproduces reasonably well the experimental data. Repetition rates up to 3 kHz have been explored, corresponding to 4.65 W absorbed pump power. PACS 42.55.Xi; 42.60.Gd; 42.25.Ja     

Slope efficiency of up to 73% for Yb:Ca4YO(BO3)3 crystal laser pumped by a laser diode

Yb:Ca₄YO(BO₃)₃ (Yb:YCOB) crystal with good quality and large size has been grown by the Czochralski method. The polarization absorption and fluorescence spectra have been measured. The laser action of the Yb:YCOB crystal has been demonstrated when it is pumped by a fiber-coupled laser diode (LD) at the wavelength of 976.4 nm. The pumping threshold is 55 mW, the light-light conversion efficiency is 58.7%, and a slope efficiency of up to 73% is thus calculated. Received: 16 December 1998 / Revised version: 4 February 1999 / Published online: 7 April 1999     

Ab initio studies on the optical effects in the deep ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystals of the KBe(2)BO(3)F(2) family

Electronic structures of the deep ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystals of the KBe(2)BO(3)F(2) (KBBF) family, including KBBF, RbBe(2)BO(3)F(2) and CsBe(2)BO(3)F(2), have been investigated based on a plane-wave pseudopotential method. Their linear and nonlinear optical coefficients are also calculated, and are in good agreement with the experimental results. A real-space atom-cutting method is adopted to analyze the respective contributions of the alkali metal cations and anionic groups to optical response. The results show that the contributions of anionic groups to the nonlinear optical anisotropic responses are dominant, but the influence of the A-site alkali metal cations becomes slightly more pronounced with the increase of their radius. Moreover, the birefringence difference among these crystals strongly depends on the volume effect, i.e.,?the spatial density of the (BO(3))(3-) anionic groups.     

Application of the solid solution Cd(x)Hg(1-x)Ga(2)S(4) as a nonlinear optical crystal

We review the optical properties of the mixed crystal Cd(x)Hg(1-x)Ga(2)S(4) , propose three potential applications to which various physical properties can be tailored, and present experimental results of femtosecond optical parametric amplification in the mid IR from 5.5 to 8mum with 1.25-mum pumping by a 1-kHz Cr:forsterite regenerative amplifier.     

A phase-matchable nonlinear optical crystal 4-amino-5-mercapto-3-[1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl]-1,2,4-triazole: Synthesis,crystal growth and characterization

In this paper, we report the synthesis, growth and characterization of a new organic NLO single crystal of 4-amino-5-mercapto-3-[1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl]-1,2,4-triazole (AMIT). The title compound is synthesized and single crystals were grown by the slow evaporation technique at room temperature. The grown crystal was characterized by powder XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis. and microhardness studies. The thermal analysis of the crystal was carried out by TGA, DTAand DSC. FromDSC, the melting point of the crystal is found to be 168°C. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provides information about the surface morphology of the crystal. The SHG efficiency has been estimated as 0.3 times that of KDP using Kurtz powder method and is found to be a phase-matchable NLO crystal.     

Dy3+,Sm3+和Ce3+离子在M3La2(BO3)4(M=Ca,Sr,Ba)中光谱性质的研究

本文报导了Dy3+,Sm3+和Ce3+离子在M3La2(BO3)4(M=Ca,Sr,Ba)基质中的激发与发射光谱;研究了Dy3+离子黄蓝发射的相强度随基质化合物的组成和结构的不同而呈现的变化规律;讨论了Sm3+离子电荷迁移激发带的能量与基质中近邻阳离子的关系并分析了Sm3+和Eu3+离子4f电子构型对电荷迁移带能量的影响。本文还给出了Dy3+,Sm3+和Ce3+离子发光的浓度淬灭值。     

Eu3+在M3La2(BO3)4(M=Ca,Sr,Ba)中的发光性质

本文报导了M3La2(BO3)4:Eu3+(M=Ca,Sr,Ba)磷光体的制备方法及晶体结构。三种磷光体均属正交晶系。研究了Eu3+离子的光谱特征与基质化合物的关系。发现在三种磷光体中,被Eu3+所取代的La3+离子均只有一种格位,且在此格位上不具备反演操作的对称性;Eu3+在Ca3La2(BO3)4:Eu3+中所处格位的局部对称性最低,属C1,C2和Cs中之一种,在M3La2(BO3)4:Eu3+(M=Sr,Ba)中Eu3+所处格位的局部对称性可能为C2v。     

Characterization of optical waveguides in β-BaB2O4 crystals formed by 3.0 MeV Ni ions implantation

We report on the optical planar waveguides formation and modal characterization in β-BaB₂O₄ crystals by Ni²⁺ ion implantation at energy of 3.0 MeV and doses of 10¹⁴ ions/cm². The prism coupling method was used to investigate the dark-mode property at wavelengths of 633 nm and 1539 nm, respectively. The refractive index profiles of the waveguides with different doses were reconstructed by an effective refractive index method based on the reflectivity calculation method (RCM). The modal analysis indicates that the fields of TM modes can be well restricted in the guiding region, which means the formation of non-leaky waveguide in the crystal.     

Antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations and unconventional nodeless superconductivity in an iron-based new superconductor (Ca4Al2O(6-y))(Fe2As2): 75As nuclear quadrupole resonance study

We report 75As nuclear quadrupole resonance studies on (Ca4Al2O(6-y))(Fe2As2) with T(c) = 27 K. Measurement of nuclear-spin-relaxation rate 1/T1 has revealed a significant development of two-dimensional antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations down to T(c) in association with the smallest As-Fe-As bond angle. Below T(c), the temperature dependence of 1/T1 without any trace of the coherence peak is well accounted for by a nodeless s(±)-wave multiple-gaps model. From the fact that its T(c) is comparable to T(c) = 28 K in the optimally doped LaFeAsO(1-y) in which antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations are not dominant, we remark that antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations are not a unique factor for enhancing T(c) among Fe-based superconductors, but a condition for optimizing superconductivity should be addressed from the lattice structure point of view.