电子器件隔振系统的神经网络杂交建模研究

对一个由四个钢丝绳隔振器组成的某电子器件隔振系统动力学特性进行了神经网络杂交建模.建立了隔振系统的刚体动力学方程,发展了一种根据实验数据间接确定隔振器恢复力的方法.通过网络训练获得了描述钢丝绳隔振器恢复力特性的神经网络模型,与系统运动方程结合构建了隔振系统的神经网络串连杂交模型.仿真结果表明,杂交模型在不同量级的简谐激励下,均能够较为准确地预测结构多点的稳态响应,因而具有较高的精度.此外,杂交模型包含了系统的物理参数,便于进行参数影响分析.     

新型准零刚度隔振器设计及动力学研究

针对传统被动隔振器低频隔振性能不足的问题,提出了一种连杆-倾斜弹簧负刚度机构,并将其与线性弹簧并联构成一种新型准零刚度(quasi-zero stiffness, QZS)隔振器。首先,对该隔振器进行静力学分析,建立无量纲力-位移和无量纲刚度-位移关系式,并讨论设计参数对隔振器刚度的影响,进一步得出隔振器在平衡位置处具有零刚度特性的参数条件;其次,通过动力学研究,建立隔振器在位移激励下的非线性动力学方程,并应用谐波平衡法推导出位移传递率;最后,采用四阶龙格库塔法对准零刚度隔振器在不同激励频率下进行数值仿真,并与不含负刚度机构的线性隔振器进行对比分析。结果表明,准零刚度隔振器在低频激励下的隔振效果明显优于线性隔振器,而在高频激励下具备与线性隔振器相当的隔振性能。     

遗传算法在冲击隔振中的应用研究

借助泰勒级数给出了钢丝绳隔振器的一阶近似非线性数学模型, 选用遗传算法对系统固有频 率进行二进制编码; 然后建立了相应的冲击仿真模型, 并对冲击载荷作用下装有钢丝绳隔振 器的移动硬盘进行仿真实验. 理论分析与仿真结果表明, 采用遗传算法的仿真模型能够适应 脉冲宽度的多变性, 克服隔振效果与最大允许变形之间的矛盾, 良好地反演出钢丝绳隔振系 统的固有频率.     

基于非线性微振动流体阻尼隔振器的Octo-strut隔振平台的动力学特性研究

针对一种新型非线性微振动流体隔振器的Octo-strut平台进行研究,基于隔振器的非线性五参数模型及牛顿-欧拉方法建立了Octo-strut隔振平台的动力学模型,并对平台的振动耦合性、安全冗余性等动力学特性进行了理论分析和数值仿真验证。研究结果表明:隔振平台垂直平动z方向、绕垂向转动θ_s方向动力学特性独立,径向平动x方向与径向平动y方向相互垂直,径向平动x方向与绕径向转动θ_y方向、径向平动y方向与绕径向转动θ_x方向的动力学特性相互耦合。隔振平台具有振动耦合性、安全冗余性、非线性温变特性,在工程实际应用时应避免失效隔振器的出现并关注隔振器温变特性,以保证隔振的安全可靠性。     

橡胶隔振系统非线性振动参数识别与特性研究

建立单自由度非线性系统基础激励正弦扫描试验的数学模型,并针对多项式非线性阻尼与多项式非线性弹簧并联的橡胶隔振系统求解了数学模型.进而在此框架下通过正弦扫描振动试验,采用共振峰值法识别了橡胶隔振器的非线性阻尼与刚度系数,研究了不同振动量级下小型橡胶隔振器的振动特性.     

几何非线性摩擦阻尼隔振系统动力学行为研究

非线性隔振系统由于具有较线性系统更优的隔振性能,因此在工程中应用广泛.本文通过配置与被隔振对象的运动方向相垂直的库伦摩擦阻尼器,构建了几何非线性摩擦阻尼模型.由于引入了几何非线性,因此其摩擦力与位移正相关,这与传统与位移无关摩擦力模型有显著不同.首先,建立了具有几何非线性摩擦阻尼的数学模型以及隔振系统的受迫振动方程;然后,使用谐波平衡法求解了动力学方程,并使用数值仿真方法验证了谐波平衡法求解的准确性;最后,研究了几何非线性摩擦阻尼隔振器的绝对位移传递率和相对位移传递率.研究结果表明,在库伦摩擦阻尼选择适当,非线性摩擦阻尼系统可以在保持高频振动衰减效果的前提下,显著降低系统共振峰,其性能优于传统的恒定摩擦阻尼隔振模型.同时,几何非线性摩擦阻尼系统能够避免传统摩擦阻尼系统中的“锁定”现象,从传递率角度来说,不利于共振峰控制;但从激励环境改变引发隔振系统失效的角度来看,几何非线性摩擦阻尼系统可以拓宽系统对激励幅值的适应范围,避免隔振系统失效.本文的研究结果对此类隔振系统的设计和摩擦阻尼参数的选择具有通用的指导意义.      

波纹管式液固混合介质隔振器的动力学特性

波纹管式液固混合介质隔振器是一种主要用于低频重载动力机械隔振的新型隔振器, 主要由波纹管弹性单元体和多层波纹管容器组成. 首先建立了弹性单元体的弹性板壳模型, 在考虑波纹管结构几何非线性及内部气体耦合的前提下, 利用参数摄动法推导了单元体在外部油压和内部气压共同作用下的非线性轴向刚度. 在此基础上, 推导了隔振器的轴向刚度, 发现刚度具有分段线性-非线性的特点, 并且与弹性单元体和波纹管容器的各参数密切相关. 进而建立了等效的分段双线性隔振系统的动力学方程, 利用平均法与数值仿真分析了隔振系统的非线性频响特性, 结果表明系统具有软弹簧特性, 而主共振稳态幅值关于频率的分岔会导致幅值跳跃现象的出现.      

几何非线性摩擦阻尼隔振系统动力学行为研究

非线性隔振系统由于具有较线性系统更优的隔振性能,因此在工程中应用广泛.本文通过配置与被隔振对象的运动方向相垂直的库伦摩擦阻尼器,构建了几何非线性摩擦阻尼模型.由于引入了几何非线性,因此其摩擦力与位移正相关,这与传统与位移无关摩擦力模型有显著不同.首先,建立了具有几何非线性摩擦阻尼的数学模型以及隔振系统的受迫振动方程;然后,使用谐波平衡法求解了动力学方程,并使用数值仿真方法验证了谐波平衡法求解的准确性;最后,研究了几何非线性摩擦阻尼隔振器的绝对位移传递率和相对位移传递率.研究结果表明,在库伦摩擦阻尼选择适当,非线性摩擦阻尼系统可以在保持高频振动衰减效果的前提下,显著降低系统共振峰,其性能优于传统的恒定摩擦阻尼隔振模型.同时,几何非线性摩擦阻尼系统能够避免传统摩擦阻尼系统中的"锁定"现象,从传递率角度来说,不利于共振峰控制;但从激励环境改变引发隔振系统失效的角度来看,几何非线性摩擦阻尼系统可以拓宽系统对激励幅值的适应范围,避免隔振系统失效.本文的研究结果对此类隔振系统的设计和摩擦阻尼参数的选择具有通用的指导意义.     

带非线性弹簧的两自由度准零刚度隔振系统力传递率特性

基于多自由度系统中的反共振特性,分别在传统线性隔振系统的上、下两层引入非线性倾斜弹簧负刚度机构,构成两自由度准零刚度隔振器。通过静态特性分析,推导出系统满足零刚度条件时,各参数之间的关系,分析了力学参数及结构参数对系统刚度特性的影响。建立两自由度准零刚度隔振系统的非线性动力学方程,利用平均法求解,推导出力传递率表达式,结合数值分析方法,探讨系统在不同的上、下层隔振器阻尼比、竖直刚度比及质量比情况下的力传递率特性,并与单自由度准零刚度隔振系统及线性斜弹簧两自由度准零刚度隔振系统进行对比研究。结果表明：当结构参数 （即：倾斜弹簧处于静平衡位置的长度与倾斜弹簧原长的比值）较小且倾斜弹簧为软化弹簧时,可在平衡位置附近获得较小的系统刚度及较大的低刚度区间;通过选择适当的上、下层隔振器阻尼比、竖直刚度比与质量比,可减小系统的起始隔振频率,增宽隔振频带,加快系统力传递率在特定频段内的衰减速率,改善系统的低频隔振性能。     

液弹隔振器非线性传递特性研究

针对液弹隔振器下端空气弹簧变形特点,本研究从液弹隔振器结构模型出发,分析液弹隔振器各部分受力与位移关系,推导考虑和不考虑液弹隔振器下端非线性刚度的运动方程。获得两种条件下液弹隔振器位移传递率,分析存在非线性刚度下位移传递率特性。研究发现：考虑非线性的位移传递率表现出显著的硬化特性,最佳隔振频率随着激振位移幅值增长而增大,隔振频率设计值处的位移传递率随激振位移幅值增长而增大,即隔振效果下降;当液弹隔振器承受较大幅值振动,如激振位移幅值超过10%空气弹簧深度,应当考虑空气弹簧非线性刚度影响。     

Dynamic analysis and performance evaluation of nonlinear inerter-based vibration isolators

This paper investigates a nonlinear inertance mechanism (NIM) for vibration mitigation and evaluates the performance of nonlinear vibration isolators employing such mechanism. The NIM comprises a pair of oblique inerters with one common hinged terminal and the other terminals fixed. The addition of the NIM to a linear spring-damper isolator and to nonlinear quasi-zero-stiffness (QZS) isolators is considered. The harmonic balance method is used to derive the steady-state frequency response relationship and force transmissibility of the isolators subjected to harmonic force excitations. Different performance indices associated with the dynamic displacement response and force transmissibility are employed to evaluate the performance of the resulting isolators. It is found that the frequency response curve of the inerter-based nonlinear isolation system with the NIM and a linear stiffness bends towards the low-frequency range, similar to the characteristics of the Duffing oscillator with softening stiffness. It is shown that the addition of NIM to a QZS isolator enhances vibration isolation performance by providing a wider frequency band of low amplitude response and force transmissibility. These findings provide a better understanding of the functionality of the NIM and assist in better designs of nonlinear passive vibration mitigation systems with inerters.     

多尺度法的推广及在非线性黏弹性系统的应用

黏弹性材料在航空、机械、土木等领域具有广阔的应用前景,而具有1.5自由度的非线性Zener模型能更好地描述其特性.因此,研究多尺度法的推广和应用具有重要意义.在传统多尺度法的基础上,推广并利用多尺度法对非线性奇数阶微分方程进行研究,解决非线性奇数阶系统的动力学求解问题.以非线性Zener模型为例,首先通过推广的多尺度法...     

Influence of excitation amplitude on the characteristics of nonlinear butyl rubber isolators

The purpose of this study is to explore the advantages and characteristics of nonlinear butyl rubber (type IIR) isolators in vibratory shear by comparison with linear isolators. It is known that the mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials exhibit significant frequency and temperature dependence, and in some cases, nonlinear dynamic behavior as well. Nonlinear characteristics in shear deformation are reflected in mechanical properties such as stiffness and damping. Furthermore, even when the excitation amplitude is small the response amplitude may often be large enough that nonlinearities cannot be ignored. The treatment involves developing phenomenological models of the effective storage modulus and effective loss factor of a rubber isolator material as a function of excitation amplitude. The transmissibility of a nonlinear viscoelastic isolator is compared with that of a linear isolator using an equivalent linear damping coefficient. Forced resonance vibration and impedance tests are used to characterize nonlinear parameters and to measure the normalized transmissibility. It is found that as the excitation amplitude of the nonlinear viscoelastic isolator increases, the response amplitude decreases and the transmissibility is improved over that of the linear isolator for excitation frequency that exceeds a particular value governed by the temperature and excitation amplitude. The method of multiple scales and numerical simulations are used to predict the response characteristics of the isolator based on the phenomenological modeling under different values of system parameters.     

Vibration of two beams connected by nonlinear isolators: analytical and experimental study

To study the coupling vibration of nonlinear isolators and flexible bodies, test rigs of two flexible beams connected by wire mesh isolators are constructed and investigated both experimentally and analytically. A five-parameter polynomial model of wire mesh isolators is derived by identifying parameters in the frequency domain with the sine-sweep test. For obtaining the parameters that are valid in a wide range of frequency, a numerically assisted identification method is developed. With this model, the vibration of two flexible beams connected by wire mesh isolators is studied. The frequency response is obtained analytically by employing the Green’s function method and harmonic balance method. Sine-sweep test results with three test rigs show good coherence with the corresponding numerical results. With obtained experimental results and numerical results, effect of connection parameters is studied in detail. It is found that traditional design rules for isolators are no longer effective and the coupling vibration must be investigated in the design phase. Another phenomenon is that the damping has a function of weakening the effect of nonlinear stiffness. Nonlinear stiffness and nonlinear damping can decrease the transmissibility along with the increase of the excitation level.     

A quasi-zero-stiffness isolator with a shear-thinning viscous damper

Quasi-zero-stiffness(QZS) vibration isolators have been widely studied,because they show excellent high static and low dynamic stiffnesses and can effectively solve low-frequency and ultralow-frequency vibration. However, traditional QZS(T-QZS)vibration isolators usually adopt linear damping, owing to which achieving good isolation performance at both low and high frequencies is difficult. T-QZS isolators exhibit hardening stiffness characteristics, and their vibration isolation performance is e...     

Nonlinear dynamic analysis of a quarter vehicle system with external periodic excitation

In this paper, a nonlinear dynamic model of a quarter vehicle with nonlinear spring and damping is established. The dynamic characteristics of the vehicle system with external periodic excitation are theoretically investigated by the incremental harmonic balance method and Newmark method, and the accuracy of the incremental harmonic balance method is verified by comparing with the result of Newmark method. The influences of the damping coefficient, excitation amplitude and excitation frequency on the dynamic responses are analyzed. The results show that the vibration behaviors of the vehicle system can be control by adjusting appropriately system parameters with the damping coefficient, excitation amplitude and excitation frequency. The multi-valued properties, spur-harmonic response and hardening type nonlinear behavior are revealed in the presented amplitude-frequency curves. With the changing parameters, the transformation of chaotic motion, quasi-periodic motion and periodic motion is also observed. The conclusions can provide some available evidences for the design and improvement of the vehicle system.     

Study of the effects of cubic nonlinear damping on vibration isolations using Harmonic Balance Method

In the present study, Harmonic Balance Method (HBM) is applied to investigate the performance of passive vibration isolators with cubic nonlinear damping. The results reveal that introducing either cubic nonlinear damping or linear damping could significantly reduce both the displacement transmissibility and the force transmissibility of the isolators over the resonance region. However, at the non-resonance region where frequency is lower than the resonant frequency, both the linear damping and the cubic nonlinear damping have almost no effect on the isolators. At the non-resonance region with higher frequency, increasing the linear damping has almost no effects on the displacement transmissibility but could raise the force transmissibility. In addition, the influence of the cubic nonlinear damping on the isolators is dependent on the type of the disturbing force. If the strength of the disturbing force is constant and independent of the excitation frequency, then the effect of cubic nonlinear damping on both the force and displacement transmissibility would be negligible. But, when the strength of the disturbing force is dependent of the excitation frequency, increasing the cubic nonlinear damping could slightly reduce the relative displacement transmissibility and increase the absolute displacement transmissibility but could significantly increase the force transmissibility. These conclusions are of significant importance in the analysis and design of nonlinear passive vibration isolators.     

基于多尺度方法的平动圆柱贮箱航天器刚——液耦合动力学研究

以充液航天器为工程背景,借助多尺度方法研究刚--液耦合动力学系统非线性动力学特性.利用多维模态方法,将描述横向外激励下圆柱贮箱中液体非线性晃动的自由边界问题转换为液体模态系数相互耦合的有限维非线性常微分方程组.推导液体晃动产生的作用于贮箱壁的晃动力和晃动力矩的解析表达式,进而建立航天器刚体部分平动和液体晃动耦合的非线性动力学方程组.应用多尺度方法对刚--液耦合系统的动力学特性进行解析分析,通过固有频率的特征方程求解耦合系统固有频率,推导外激励频率接近耦合系统第一阶固有频率时液体晃动稳态解的幅值频率响应方程.结合数值方法,研究了液体晃动稳态解的幅值频率响应曲线和激励--幅值响应曲线.结果表明, 随充液比变化,液体晃动稳态解的幅值频率响应曲线会发生软、硬弹簧特性转换现象和"跳跃"现象;幅值频率响应曲线的软、硬弹簧特性转换点受重力加速度和弹簧刚度系数影响;以上所得研究结果表明,考虑非线性效应时的刚--液耦合系统动力学特性与传统的线性系统模型所显示的动力学特性具有本质区别.本文的研究工作对进一步分析充液航天器刚--液耦合非线性动力学特性具有重要参考价值.      

Bifurcation and chaos analysis of multistage planetary gear train

A nonlinear time-varying dynamic model for a multistage planetary gear train, considering time-varying meshing stiffness, nonlinear error excitation, and piece-wise backlash nonlinearities, is formulated. Varying dynamic motions are obtained by solving the dimensionless equations of motion in general coordinates by using the varying-step Gill numerical integration method. The influences of damping coefficient, excitation frequency, and backlash on bifurcation and chaos properties of the system are analyzed through dynamic bifurcation diagram, time history, phase trajectory, Poincaré map, and power spectrum. It shows that the multi-stage planetary gear train system has various inner nonlinear dynamic behaviors because of the coupling of gear backlash and time-varying meshing stiffness. As the damping coefficient increases, the dynamic behavior of the system transits to an increasingly stable periodic motion, which demonstrates that a higher damping coefficient can suppress a nonperiodic motion and thereby improve its dynamic response. The motion state of the system changes into chaos in different ways of period doubling bifurcation, and Hopf bifurcation.