Multilayer volume holographic optical memory

We demonstrate a scheme for volume holographic storage based on the features of shift selectivity of a speckle reference-wave hologram. The proposed recording method permits more-efficient use of the recording medium and yields greater storage density than spherical or plane-wave reference beams. Experimental results of multiple hologram storage and replay in a photorefractive crystal of iron-doped lithium niobate are presented. The mechanisms of lateral and longitudinal shift selectivity are described theoretically and shown to agree with experimental measurements.     

体全息存储分维复用串扰噪声分析

基于耦合波理论并引入波矢簇的概念 ,对体全息存储分维复用的串扰噪声进行了分析。在改变参考光俯仰及偏转角度条件下对全息图的读出图像进行了模拟计算 ,给出了实验结果 ,计算得到了二维串扰强度分布。理论及实验证明 ,在改变读出参考光俯仰角的情况下 ,谱面全息图呈现水平带状读出 ,并且带状图样随偏转角改变而上下移动     

Polychromatic reconstruction for volume holographic memory

We propose a method of reconstructing an image from a volume hologram at a wavelength different from the recording one. Spectrally broad but spatially coherent light was used as a probe beam. Each angular spectral component of the recorded hologram could be Bragg matched at one particular wavelength within the broadband spectrum. We experimentally demonstrated that a whole image could be reconstructed by using polychromatic light, whereas only a partial image was obtained by using single-mode laser light. We discuss the required bandwidth of the probe beam and the deformation of the reconstructed image.     

Optical noise reduction for dc-removed coaxial holographic data storage

A method of reconstructing positive and negative images from Fourier holograms recorded without the dc components is demonstrated by use of a coaxial holographic storage system. Reconstructed images are obtained by adding a phase-modulated dc component of the signal beam on reading. Contrast reversal of the reconstructed images can be achieved by reversing the readout reference pattern. This method can realize not only optical noise reduction but also less consumption of the dynamic range of the recording medium, potentially contributing to increasing the number of multiplexed holograms.     

体全息存储中几种软件降噪方法的综合使用

针对体全息存储系统中常见的几种噪声源 ,即大尺度噪声、像素间干涉噪声以及突发性随机噪声的特点 ,分别采用减背景、页内均衡化和所罗门编码三种软件方法予以补偿。在实验中 ,通过将三种方法有机地结合在一起 ,获得了明显的降噪效果 ,误比特率由初始的 1 0 - 2 降低到 1 0 - 4以下。     

Coherent noise elimination in holographic microscope

Some experimental results relating to the coherent noise elimination in a holographic microscope are presented. The method proposed is also useful in the field of holographic microinterferometry.     

Effect of recording conditions on the anisotropic diffraction of volume holographic gratings

The anisotropic Bragg diffraction of the volume holographic gratings in photorefractive crystals are investigated based on the model of anisotropic coupled-wave theory. The effect of the initial intensity ratio and the recording angles of the two recording waves on the anisotropic Bragg diffraction properties is discussed. It is shown that both the ratio of the initial intensity and the incident angles of the recording waves are selective action for the anisotropic Bragg diffraction efficiency of the volume holographic gratings, while these two recording conditions are not selective action for the isotropic Bragg diffraction. Furthermore, the Bragg phase matching condition of anisotropic diffraction is analyzed when the recording angles change.     

Langevin particle in Gaussian noise

The problem of memory of past is discussed for a Langevin particle subject to Gaussian noise of a general type. The most probable trajectories of a particle are found and a generalisation of the Girsanov formula is proposed.     

Sub-channel capacity and noise in holographic imagery

The imaging capability of spatially distinct and independent sub-channels in holography has been experimentally investigated. It is shown that images synthesized from sub-channel images may, under certain conditions, be comparable to full channel images, and that, when it is not so, the synthesized images may still be useful.     

反射式全息滤光片背景噪声的抑制

与传统的干涉滤光片相比,背景噪声高是全息滤光片的主要缺点.本文介绍了用倾斜条纹抑制全息滤光片背景噪声的方法,可以收到较好的效果.     

体全息存储中SLM和CCD的性能对页内噪声的影响

体全息存储系统中通常采用SLM和CCD作为输入输出器件。SLM和CCD的性能包括填充因子、对比度和像素形状 ,这些性能会对像面页内像素间干涉程度产生很大的影响 ,进而影响页内噪声的大小。针对这一问题 ,首先进行了理论分析 ,然后通过计算机模拟了实际系统     

Optical noise reduction by reconstructing positive and negative images from Fourier holograms in coaxial holographic storage systems

A technique for reconstructing positive and negative images from an identical intensity-modulated hologram is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally by use of a coaxial holographic storage system. Negative images are obtained by adding a phase-modulated dc component of signal beam on reading. By comparing positive and negative images, the bit error rate (BER) is improved by two orders of magnitude. This technique can reduce optical noise of reconstructed images to attain low BERs.     

Theory of nonlinear Gaussian noise

We consider stochastic differential equations of the Langevin type in which the noise enters nonlinearly. In particular we study quadratic gaussian noise and we derive equations for the probability density under different approximations. In the limit of small intensity and small correlation time of the noise we obtain a Fokker-Planck equation which accounts for the main effects of the nonlinear noise. We present some examples and we discuss the consequences of our results in the analysis of an electrohydrodynamic instability in liquid crystals in the presence of external noise.     

Volume holographic imaging element with background noise reduction function for eye-gaze detection under white light illumination

Volume holographic optical element (VHOE) for imaging under white light illumination is integrated with imaging elements and background noise reduction filter. An integrated VHOE and the band pass filter which is optimized to the VHOE can develop the optical setup for a wearable eye-gaze detection system. An integrated VHOE is fabricated in photopolymer and then the effects of noise reduction filters as a function of the direction of the incident plane wave into an image sensor are evaluated. Experimental results show that the background noise reduction filter should be designed to reduce the incident light with wide direction of the transmitted light.     

高斯噪声中的参数盲估计

一般的盲信号处理方法常忽略噪声的影响,而实际问题中噪声的影响是存在的。本文主要讨论了在协方差矩阵未知的加性高斯噪声中混合系数的盲估计问题。以最大似然估计为基础,本文提出一种求解参数的最优化算法,并给出了混合矩阵和协方差矩阵的计算式。采用高斯混合模型(GMM)来逼近源信号的概率密度函数,简化了算法中的积分,导出了一种实用的期望最大算法(EM)算法迭代式。计算机仿真结果表明,算法不仅能稳定收敛,而且在低信噪比下的性能也很好。     

Fluctuations of spacetime and holographic noise in atomic interferometry

On small scales spacetime can be understood as some kind of spacetime foam of fluctuating bubbles or loops which are expected to be an outcome of a theory of quantum gravity. One recently discussed model for this kind of spacetime fluctuations is the holographic principle which allows to deduce the structure of these fluctuations. We review and discuss two scenarios which rely on the holographic principle leading to holographic noise. One scenario leads to fluctuations of the spacetime metric affecting the dynamics of quantum systems: (i) an apparent violation of the equivalence principle, (ii) a modification of the spreading of wave packets, and (iii) a loss of quantum coherence. All these effects can be tested with cold atoms.     

Effect of excess noise on continuous variable entanglement sudden death and Gaussian quantum discord

A symmetric two-mode Gaussian entangled state is used to investigate the effect of excess noise on entanglement sudden death and Gaussian quantum discord with continuous variables. The results show that the excess noise in the channel can lead to entanglement sudden death of a symmetric two-mode Gaussian entangled state, while Gaussian quantum discord never vanishes. As a practical application, the security of a quantum key distribution （QKD） scheme based on a symmetric two-mode Gaussian entangled state against collective Gaussian attacks is analyzed. The calculation results show that the secret key cannot be distilled when entanglement vanishes and only quantum discord exists in such a QKD scheme.     

Shifting selectivity of collinear volume holographic storage

A paraxial equation for calculating pixel-based 2-D shifting selectivity of collinear holographic storage system is proposed. The equation shows that the broader reference pattern makes high shifting selectivity. In addition, both amplitude and phase modulation make no obvious change in shifting selectivity so shifting selectivity is not affected through advanced design of reference pattern. Besides, a simplified formula based on a point signal is proposed, which shows a clear physical insight that the shifting selectivity is the square of Fourier transform of the intensity distribution of reference pattern and does not depend on thickness of the disc when a point signal is applied.