铝-铜-镓三元系合金相图

铝-铜-镓三元系合金相图的室温截面已经用X射线方法测定出来了。室温固相截面包含11个单相(即α, γ₂, γ′, δ, ζ₁, ζ₂, η₂, θ, θ′,α_铝和镓)相区,14个双相(即α + ζ₁, α+ γ₂, α + γ′, γ₂ + γ′, γ′+ ζ₁, γ₂+δ, γ′+δ,δ +ζ₂, ζ₂+η₂, η₂+θ,η₂+ θ′, γ′ + θ′, θ′+ 镓和θ+α_铝)相区和9个三相(即α + γ′+ζ₁, α+ γ₂+ γ′, γ₂+ γ′ + δ,γ′ + δ + θ′, δ+ζ₂+θ′, ζ₂ + η₂ + θ′, η₂+ θ′ + 镓, η₂ +θ + 镓和θ +镓+ α_铝)相区。所有单相和三个二元系内室温存在的单相相同,没有新相出现。 关键词：     

具L-近邻键的一维渗流模型临界指数的精确解

应用实空间重正群方法于一维具L-近邻键的点-渗流及键-渗流模型,得到类-温度标度率与类-场标度率,再利用普适标度律得到全部临界指数的精确结果。对于点-渗流模型有α_p=2-L,β_p=0,γ_p=L,δ_p=∞,η_p=1及v_p=L。这与生成函数方法结果一致;对于键-渗流模型有α_p=2-(L(L+1))/2,β_p=0,γ_p=(L(L+1))/2,δ_p=∞,η_p=1及v_p=(L(L+1))/2,其中的“热”临界指数与转移矩阵方法结果一致,磁临界指数是新的结果。由点-渗流及键-渗流模型求出Suzuki的弱普适律的重正化临界指数为φ≡(2-α)/v=1,β≡β/v=0,γ≡γ/v=1,δ≡δ=∞及η≡η=1。即重正化的临界指数不仅与L无关,而且也不依赖于是点抑键的渗流模型,即普适律对Suzuki重正化临界指数仍得以保持。 关键词：     

A synchrotron study of high-pressure transformations in TiH0·74

Abstract

The crystal structure of the TiH_0·74 alloy was studied by the energy dispersive X-ray diffraction technique in the pressure range to 30·5 GPa at temperatures to 630 K. A phase transformation to the (η + ω) two-phase state was found to occur above 7 GPa at room temperature, then (η+ω)-TiH_0·74 remained stable up to P=30·5 GPa. Another phase transformation resulting in a single-phase state, ζ-TiH_0·74, was found to occur upon heating (η+ω)-TiH_0·74 above T ? 560 K. Both high-pressure phases, η and ζ, were indexed on the basis of the tetragonal sublattices of the Ti atoms with nearly the same specific volumes. It is assumed from the relation of the specific volumes that the hydrogen atoms occupy the tetrahedral interstices in the ζ-phase and the octahedral interstices in the η-phase.     

Raman spectra of the lattice vibrations of solid nitrogen near room temperture

Abstract

Low-frequency peaks begin to appear in Raman spectra of solid N₂ when δ-N₂ transforms to either the ?- or η-N₂ phase and orientational order develops in δ-N₂. These same peaks are known at 15 K but are very much broader at the higher temperatures. Near the phase boundaries, these peaks are extremely weak and remain weak even under the best of conditions. We have used Raman spectra of these modes to map the δ-? and δ-? phase boundaries.     

铝-镉-铜三元系富铜合金相图

铝-镉-铜三元系富铜合金相图的室温固相截面已用X-射线方法测定。合金含量最高达30％(重量)铝及30％镉。室温相截面由五个单相区α,γ₂,δ,ζ₂,η₂;十个两相区α+β,α+γ₂,β+γ₂,γ₂+δ,β+δ,δ+ζ₂,ζ₂+η,η₂+δ,η₂+β,η₂+θ及四个三相区α+β+γ₂,β+γ₂+δ,β+δ+η₂,δ+ζ₂+η₂所构成。没有发现新相。     

Wigner function for the generalized excited pair coherent state

This paper introduces the generalized excited pair coherent state （GEPCS）. Using the entangled state 〈η〉 representation of Wigner operator, it obtains the Wigner function for the GEPCS. In the ρ-γ phase space, the variations of the Wigner function distributions with the parameters q, α, k and l are discussed. The tomogram of the GEPCS is calculated with the help of the Radon transform between the Wigner operator and the projection operator of the entangled state ｜η1, η2, τ1, τ2｜. The entangled states ｜η〉 and ｜η1, η2, τ1, τ2〉 provide two good representative space for studying the Wigner functions and tomograms of various two-mode correlated quantum states.     

Conversion ratio to F-H center pairs from self-trapped excitons in alkali chloride crystals

Abstract

The time delayed double excitation spectroscopy has been utilized to determine the conversion ratio to F-H center pairs from self-trapped excitons(STE_L) at the lowest state (1s[sgrave]_g;a_1g). The final conversion ratios, η_F/(η_F+η_X), were 0.86, 0.49 and 0.20 for NaCl, KCl and RbCl at 14K, respectively. The conversion efficiency (η =η_F+η_X) from STE_L to F-H center pairs(η_F) and to unknown states(η_X) were 0.25, 0.90 and 0.76 for the hole excitation to π_g, while 0.03, 0.01 and 0.01 for the electron excitation to b_1u, b_2u or b_3u, in NaCl, KCl and RbCl, respectively.     

Instanton-induced flavour mixing in mesons

The U_L(N_f)×U_R(N_f) chiral symmetric version of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model is extended by the 't Hooft determinant and bosonized for an arbitrary number of flavours N_f. The resulting effective meson lagrangian is explicitly calculated to leading order in the derivatives for three flavours. The 't Hooft determinant induces flavour mixing of the mesons with diagonal flavour content (π⁰, η, η′, and their scalar chiral partners δ⁰, S, ϵ) and pushes up the physical η′-mass. The η-η′ mixing angle is found to be −31°.     

First-principles study of elastic and slip properties of non-canonical β-based Al–Cu–Fe approximants

Ab initio calculations were carried out to compare the mechanical properties of β-based non-canonical Al–Cu–Fe approximants of quasicrystals with cubic (β), monoclinic (η) and orthorhombic (ξ1, ξ2) structures, which all demonstrate high strengthening. The aim was to elucidate the competitive effects of the η- and ξ-ordering and iron content on deformation behaviour of these phases. We found that the Young’s modulus, polycrystalline shear modulus, mechanical stability and shear elastic modulus G(n,m) for different slip planes decrease for β-Al₅₀Cu_1-xFe_x with lowering iron content, but they grow from β-Al₅₀Cu_31.25Fe_18.75 to the ordered η-Al₅₀Cu₄₅Fe₅, and ξ2-Al_45.5Cu₅₀Fe_4.5 that indicates a growing resistance to plastic deformation due to ordering and agrees well with our experimental finding. The preferable slip systems were predicted based on the calculated generalised stacking fault (GSF) energies in β-(Cu,Fe)Al and η-(Cu,Fe)Al with similar Fe concentration. The GSF energies confirmed also that the strengthening observed in η-phase is related to ordering rather than the Fe effect in consistence with a stronger covalent bonding in η-phase.     

Spectral representation for singlet and triplet green's functions

Spectral representations of special Green functions are given explicitly. We consider the density correlation functionG ₂(x ₁ η ₁ x ₂ η ₂,x ₁ ⁺ η ₁ x ₂ ⁺ η′₂) and the functionG ₂(x ₁ η ₁ x ₁ ^? η₂,x ₂ η ₁ ^′ x ₂ ^? η ₂ ^′ Coupling the field operators Ψ^? (x, η), Ψ(x, η) to singlet and triplet operatorsA _{SMs TT3} (x), we obtain spectral representations for theseG-functions. The formulae derived may be of use when studying the system of equations for the Green functions, which describe many particle systems from a microscopic point of view.     

The radial excitations of η−η′ mesons

The possibility of identification of a number of the recently discoveredJ ^PC=0^?+ isosinglet resonances (the ζ(1275), ι(1460) and others) as radial excitations of the η(549)- and η′(958)-mesons is investigated within the earlier developed phenomenological approach to analyse radial excitations of light mesons. The widths of the electromagnetic and strong decays of these mesons and the branching ratios of their production in the radiativeJ/ψ decay, as well as in the π^- p charge exchange reaction, are estimated. It is pointed out that the abundant production of the ι-meson in theJ/ψ-decays and the small width of the ι→2γ decay put forward repeatedly as an evidence for the glueball nature of this meson, can qualitatively be obtained in one of the considered schemes of the radial excitations of the η?η′-system.     

Inclusive ηp and ηn charged-current neutrino reactions below 6 GeV

Results are presented of a study of inclusive ηp and ηn interactions from threshold to 6 GeV. The data show a rapid approach to the distributions expected in the naive quark-parton model. The charged-current η deuteron total cross section is fit by the expression σ_T(ηd) = (0.76 ± 0.03) × 10^?38E_η cm² per GeV per nucleon. For E_η > 1.5 GeV, we measure σ_T(ηn)/σ_T(ηp) = (2.02 ± 0.23). The distributions in the scaling variables x and y are given and discussed.     

Two schemes ofη−η′-mixing

Proceeding from the expansion of composite operators in interpolating hadronic fields, the width of the decays η(η′)→γγ andJ/ψ→η(η′)γ have been calculated. Two mechanisms of pseudoscalar field mixing (“mass-mixing” and “current-mixing”) are considered. In the given schemes, the values of η?η′-mixing angle θ _p are, respectively, (?15.0±1.8)^o and (?19.7±2.2)^o.     

Gibbs vs. Shannon entropies

The Gibbs neg-entropy -η_G=∫ II ln II is compared to the Shannon negentropy η_s=∑p Inp. The coarse-grained density is II, whilep is a probability sequence. Both objects are defined over partitions of the energy shell within a set-theoretic framework. The dissimilarity of these functionals is exhibited throughη _G vs._G η _S curves. A positive information interpretation of η_G is given referring it to the maximum information contained in the solution to the Liouville equation. The physical relevance ofη _G over η_S in classical physics is argued. In quantum mechanics, the fine-grained Shannon entropy remains relevant to the uncertainty principle, while the coarsegrained densities maintain their properties as in the classical case.     

The NN → NNη reaction close to threshold

The pp → ppη and np → npη reactions at energies near the η production threshold are studied in a non-relativistic one boson exchange model, where the (1535 MeV) S11 resonance is excited through the exchange of π, η, ? and ω mesons and subsequently decays into an ηN pair. Energy integrated cross sections and energy spectra of the out going η's are reported. Providing NN and ηN final state interactions are taken into account coherently, the model reproduces both the scale and energy dependence of the cross section for the pp → ppη reactions up to 100 MeV. Final state interaction corrections due to the nucleon-nucleon and meson-nucleon forces influence strongly the scale and shape of the cross sections. The shape of the energy spectra of the outgoing η's provides a clear signature of the ηN force.     

Volume viscosity and structure of n-propanol by ultrasonics

The adiabatic volume viscosities η_v and η′_v have been evaluated in n-propanol along with X₂ (the molefraction of molecules arranged in pairs with antiparallel dipole moments), using experimental ultrasonic absorption data in the temperature range 10°C to 80°C. Both η_v and η′_v decrease nonlinearly with temperature and the ratio η′_v/η_v is found to be nearly unity at all temperatures.     

Note on the Paper “Gibbs vs. Shannon Entropies” by Richard L. Liboff

In addition to the comparison of the Gibbs negentropy η_G = ∫ Π ln Π to the Shannon negentropy ηs = ∑ E_iΠ_i ln(E_iΠ_i), discussed in the cited paper, a comparison of the former to η_s′=η_s?∑E _i lnE _i the decrease in uncertainty, is of general interest from an information-theoretic standpoint. It is shown that η_G and η_s′ are similar in the situation in question. The additivity properties of η_G are briefly discussed.     

Study of the ηπ+π− system centrally producedin the reactionpp→p f (ηπ+π−)p s at 300 GeV/c

The reactionpp→p _f (ηπ⁺π^?)p _s where the ηπ⁺π^? system is centrally produced has been studied at 300 GeV/c incident momentum at the CERN Ω spectrometer. The ηπ^± mass spectrum shows a strong δ/a ₀(980) signal having a mass of 984±4 and Γ=95±14 MeV. The ηπ⁺π^? mass spectrum shows η′ andf ₁(1285) signals over little background. A spin-parity analysis of the ηπ⁺π^? system shows evidence for aJ ^PC =1⁺⁺ peak at thef ₁(1285) mass but no evidence for the pseudoscalar states η(1270) andl/η(1440). No evidence is found for the ηππ decay of theE/f ₁(1420) meson for which we set an upper limit BR(E/f ₁(1420)→ηππ)<0.1 at 95% cl.     

The η, η′, η c mixing angles and SU(4)

In this paper, we study the quark contents of the η, η′ and η^c pseudoscalar mesons using SU(4) mass breaking formalism. We predict a mass value form _η ^c close to the one obtained by the Crystal Ball experiment at SLAC. Our analysis favors the linear mass formula rather than the quadratic one. A definite prediction for the value m _η ^c makes this experiment feasible.