Lipids of mulberry leaves and of mulberry silkworm excreta

The composition and the amounts of various groups of liposoluble compounds in mulberry leaves and the excreta of the silkworm have been established by chromatographic and chemical methods. It has been shown that biologically valuable components — phytosterols, unsaturated fatty acids, phytol, carotenoids, and chlorophylls — are concentrated in silkworm excreta.A. V. Bogatskii Physicochemical Institute of the UkrSSR Academy of Sciences, Odessa. Moscow Institute of Fine Chemical Technology. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 505–509, July–August, 1987.     

Lipids of mulberry leaves and of mulberry silkworm excreta

The composition and the amounts of various groups of liposoluble compounds in mulberry leaves and the excreta of the silkworm have been established by chromatographic and chemical methods. It has been shown that biologically valuable components — phytosterols, unsaturated fatty acids, phytol, carotenoids, and chlorophylls — are concentrated in silkworm excreta.     

Lipids of protozoa. II. Lipids ofParamecium aurelia andParamecium caudatum

The phospholipid composition of two species of infusorians (Ciliophora) has been investigated. It has been shown that the alkyl form is present in the phosphatidylethanolamines and their phosphonic analogs, and in the phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylinositol. The main fatty acid in the total lipid extracts was arachidonic. The main alkyl ethers of glycerol were batyl and selachyl alcohols. It has been shown that free-living infusorians may form promising materials for an all-sided study of the metabolism of alkyl-containing glycerophospholipids and sources for their preparative isolation.Institute of the Ecology of the Volga Basin, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Tol'yatti. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 15–17, January–February, 1990.     

Lipids of Helianthus tuberosus

The content and composition of lipids, pigments, and fatty acids in leaves, stems, and tubers ofHelianthus tuberosuswere established. The studied organs of this plant have identical qualitative compositions of lipids but differ in content of some components     

Lipids of elaeagnus fruit

The composition of the classes of lipids of the fruit of three morphological forms of the elaeagnusElaeagnus angustifolia L. have been studied. Their compositions were identical. The amounts of the main lipid classes of extracts of the seeds and pericarps, the fatty acid compositions of the acyl-containing classes of lipids, and the compositions of the carbohydrates and sterols have been determined. The fatty oil of the seeds contained linoleic acid, while the main fatty acids of the pericarp extracts were the 16:0, 18:1, and 18:2 acids. The 16:1 acid that is characteristic for sea buckthorn oil was detected in the elaegnus fruit in insignificant amounts. The class of sterols, both in the free and in the esterified states, was represented by -sitosterol. The main hydrocarbon of the pericarps and seeds was nonacosane.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 17–21, January–February, 1990.     

Lipids of rose fruits

The neutral and polar lipids of rose fruit and wastes have been investigated. With respect to its main indices and carotenoid content (333.6 mg %) the oil from rose wastes satisfies the demands of the Pharmacopeia specification. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp: 799–800, November–December, 1995. Original article submitted May 1, 1995.     

Lipids ofSilene brahuica

The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the lipid complex of the epigeal part ofSilene brahuica Boiss. (family Caryophyllaaceae) have been studied. The fatty acid composition of the acyl-containing lipids has been determined. Some differences have been found in the compositions of the fatty acids of the neutral lipids and the phospholipids. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 512–514, July–August, 1993.     

Lipids ofMentha spicata

The levels of lipids, pigments, and essential oil and the lipid and fatty acid compositions of individual organs of freshly gatheredMentha spicata plants have been established. It has been found that the organs studied have a complex qualitative composition of the extractive substances but differ in their levels of individual groups of substances and components.Insitute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 803–805, November–December, 1997.     

Lipids ofZizyphus jujuba

The acyl-containing classes of neutral lipids have been studied and the amounts of phospholipids and their fatty acid composition have been determined in the pericarps and seeds ofZizyphus jujuba. The fatty oil of the seeds contains oleic acid while in the neutral lipids of the pericarps the main acid is the biologically active palmitoleic. In the qualitative respect, the set of phospholipids in the seeds is more diverse, while the main classes quantitatively in both parts of the fruit are phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylglycerols. The phospholipids of the pericarps are more saturated than those of the seeds.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 21–24, January–February, 1990.     

Lipids of Rumex confertus

Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 284–285, March–April, 1989.     

Lipids of rice bran

The class and fatty-acid compositions of the total lipids and phospholipids and the types of triacylglycerols of rice bran oil have been studied. It has been shown that the main lipid class consists of the triacylglycerols; in them the 160, 181, and 182 acids predominate. The main phospholipids are the PCs, PIs, and PEs. The predominating TAGs are the trisaturated and the monosaturated-diunsaturated types, which are present in equal amounts.This work was conducted with the financial support of GKNT RUz [State Committee of the Council of Ministers for Science and Technology, Republic of Uzbekistan] and Uzfarmprom.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 302–305, May–June, 1998.     

Lipids of cottonseed kernels

The free, bound, and strongly bound lipids of the seed kernels of the cotton plant of variety 108-F have been studied. It has been shown that the free and bound lipids include 97.3% and 47.6% of neutral lipids, respectively. The polar lipids consist mainly of phospholipids and glycolipids. Two groups of glycolipids — sterol glycosides and glycosylglycerides — have been isolated and their compositions have been determined.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 435–438, July–August, 1983.     

Lipids of Acorus calamus

Lipids of the leaves, stems, and rhizomes with roots ofAcorus calamusL. were investigated. The neutral-lipid classes and fatty-acid composition of neutral-, glyco-, and phospholipids were determined. The essential oil content in the total lipids of A. calamus was established by steam distillation.     

Lipids of kenaf wastes

The total phospholipids of kenaf wastes have been characterized qualitatively and quantitatively. Kenaf wastes may serve as an additional source of raw material for obtaining the total phospholipids and a homogeneous PC.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Uzbek Experimental Station of Tannin Crops, Central Asian Division of the Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 686–688, November–December, 1986.     

Lipids of kenaf wastes

The total phospholipids of kenaf wastes have been characterized qualitatively and quantitatively. Kenaf wastes may serve as an additional source of raw material for obtaining the total phospholipids and a homogeneous PC.     

Lipids ofBryonia alba

The lipid composition of the roots ofBryonia alba (Cucurbitaceae) have been studied: It consists of fractions of 3-acyloxy-24-alkyl(alkenyl)-cholest-7-enes (I), triacylglycerols (II), 1,2-diacyl-3-monoglycopyranosyl-sn-glycerols (III), 1,2-diacyl-3-diglycopyranosyl-sn-glycerols (IV), 1,3-bis(3-sn-phosphatidyl)glycerols (V), 3-sn-phosphatidylethanolamines (VI), 3-sn-phosphatidylcholines (VII), and methyl esters of fatty acids (VIII). The amount of unsaturated fatty acids in the lipid fractions (I–VIII) is 60–94%, the main component being linolenic acid.     

Lipids ofZiziphora pedicellata

The amounts and compositions of the lipids, pigments, and fatty acids in the inflorescences, leaves, and stems and the total air-dry biomass ofZiziphora pedicellata Pazij. et Vved. have been established. The essential oil content of the biomass has been determined. A similarity of the qualitative composition of the lipids and pigments, an increase in the amount of unsaponifiable substances, and a substantial fall in the level of chlorophylls on the natural drying of the biomass have been found.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 806–809, November–December, 1997.