Controllable optical bistability of Bose—Einstein condensate in an optical cavity with Kerr medium

We study the optical bistability for a Bose-Einstein condensate of atoms in a driven optical cavity with Kerr medium. We find that both the threshold point of optical bistability transition and the width of optical bistability hysteresis can be controlled by appropriately adjusting the Kerr interaction between the photons. In particular, we show that the optical bistability will disappear when the Kerr interaction exceeds a critical value.     

变分法研究二维光晶格中玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的调制不稳定性

利用含时变分法研究了二维光晶格中准二维玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中的调制不稳定性. 在平均场近似下, 由准二维Gross-Pitaevskii方程出发, 利用变分法给出了调制波振幅和相位所满足的时间演化方程, 通过求解时间演化方程和能量分析法给出了发生调制不稳定性的条件, 决定于平面波振幅, 晶格强度, 调制波的波矢量和原子之间的两体相互作用.     

Chaos in a Bose-Einstein condensate

It is demonstrated that Smale-horseshoe chaos exists in the time evolution of the one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate driven by time-periodic harmonic or inverted-harmonic potential.A formally exact solution of the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation is constructed,which describes the matter shock waves with chaotic or periodic amplitudes and phases.     

Nonlinear dynamical stability of gap solitons in Bose-Einstein condensate loaded in a deformed honeycomb optical lattice

We investigate the existence and dynamical stability of multipole gap solitons in Bose-Einstein condensate loaded in a deformed honeycomb optical lattice. Honeycomb lattices possess a unique band structure, the first and second bands intersect at a set of so-called Dirac points. Deformation can result in the merging and disappearance of the Dirac points, and support the gap solitons. We find that the two-dimensional honeycomb optical lattices admit multipole gap solitons. These multipoles can have their bright solitary structures being in-phase or out-of-phase. We also investigate the linear stabilities and nonlinear stabilities of these gap solitons. These results have applications of the localized structures in nonlinear optics, and may helpful for exploiting topological properties of a deformed lattice.     

Josephson junction of two-species Bose-Einstein condensates in a high-finesse optical cavity

The mean-field dynamics of undistinguishable two-species Bose Josephson junction coupled to a single mode high-finesse optical cavity is investigated.From the Hamiltonian,the phase portrait and the stationary points are given.It is shown that the role of the interspecies interaction equals the intraspecies interaction under suitable conditions.As the interspecies interaction increases,the trapped atoms will start tunneling between the two wells unnaturally for some special cases.     

玻色爱因斯坦凝聚体中杂质的相互作用

文章研究了两个杂质浸入玻色凝聚体中的相互作用.通过使用微扰法,计算了在弱杂质-玻色子相互作用区域中的基态能量.结果表明基态能量与两杂质之间的相对距离有关.从基态能量出发,研究发现不管杂质与玻色子相互作用是处在排斥状态还是吸引状态,两杂质之间都有保持吸引趋势;而当一个杂质与玻色子相互作用是吸引时,另一个为排斥时,两个杂质之间呈现出了排斥的效果.通过杂质之间有效力的计算也验证了上述现象,进一步研究凝聚体密度背后的力学机制,再次得出了一致结论.     

Optomechanical Dark State in a Dual-Species Bose-Einstein Condensate

We study cavity optomechanics of ultracold dual-species atomic mixtures with nonlinear collisions.Interspecies interactions provide a direct parametric coupling of fictitious mechanical elements which,through interfering with the intracavity optical field,leads to a switchable optically-dark state for either species.This demonstrates a matter-wave analog of recently observed mechanical wave mixing and quantum motional-state swapping,with applications in the construction of integrated phononic devices,and the cavity-enhanced detection of quantum degenerate atomic mixtures.     

Dynamical stability of dipolar condensate in a parametrically modulated one-dimensional optical lattice

We study the stabilization properties of dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate in a deep one-dimensional optical lattice with an additional external parametrically modulated harmonic trap potential. Through both analytical and numerical methods, we solve a dimensionless nonlocal nonlinear discrete Gross–Pitaevskii equation with both the short-range contact interaction and the long-range dipole–dipole interaction. It is shown that, the stability of dipolar condensate in modulated deep optical lattice can be controled by coupled effects of the contact interaction, the dipolar interaction and the external modulation. The system can be stabilized when the dipolar interaction, the contact interaction, the average strength of potential and the ratio of amplitude to frequency of the modulation satisfy a critical condition. In addition, the breather state, the diffused state and the attractive-interaction-induced-trapped state are predicted. The dipolar interaction and the external modulation of the lattice play important roles in stabilizing the condensate.     

共心双环外势中两分量偶极玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的基态结构研究

利用虚时演化方法研究了共心双环外势中具有偶极-偶极相互作用的两分量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的基态结构, 探索了接触相互作用和长程各向异性的偶极-偶极相互作用对系统基态的影响. 研究发现, 偶极-偶极相互作用作为系统的又一调控参数, 可用于得到系统的不同的基态相, 并用于控制不同基态相间的转化.     

Bistable switching using an optical Tamm cavity with a Kerr medium

All-optical bistable switching is proposed to realize by using an optical Tamm cavity in which a Kerr medium is sandwiched between a metal layer and a Bragg mirror. Results show that the excitation of clockwise and counterclockwise bistable switching under the control of external optical injection is due to the presence of optical Tamm states. In addition, the bistable characteristics of optical Tamm cavities are found to be sensitive to the polarization of external optical injection.     

具有面内四极磁场的旋转玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的基态结构研究

通过虚时演化方法研究了具有面内四极磁场的旋转玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的基态结构.结果发现:面内四极磁场和旋转双重作用可导致中央Mermin-Ho涡旋的产生;随着磁场梯度增强,Mermin-Ho涡旋周围环绕的涡旋趋向对称化排布;在四极磁场下,密度相互作用和自旋交换相互作用作为体系的调控参数,可以控制Mermin-Ho涡旋周围的涡旋数目;该体系自旋结构中存在双曲型meron和half-skyrmion两种拓扑结构.     

Nonautonomous deformed solitons in a Bose-Einstein condensate

We study exact single-soliton solutions of an attractive Bose-Einstein condensate governed by a one-dimensional nonautonomous Gross-Pitaevskii system. For several different forms of time-dependent atom-atom interaction and external parabolic potential which satisfy the exact integrability scenario, we construct a set of new analytical nonautonomous deformed-soliton solutions, including the macroscopic wave function and the position of soliton＇s center of mass. The soliton characteristics are modulated by the external field parameters and deformation factors related to the number of the condensed atoms and the initial conditions. The results suggest a simple and effective method for experimentally generating matter-wave deformed solitons and manipulating their motions.     

量子超化学中的类双缝干涉：玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚原子-三聚物相干转化

文章作者首次研究了玻色凝聚体中原子与三原子异核分子间的相干转化过程,特别是双通道量子干涉效应的作用,该效应可以看作是量子简并物质波化学中的类双缝干涉.利用相长干涉可以进一步提高分子制备过程的产率,为异核分子的产生和相干调控提供了一个新的技术.此工作发表在2007年第9卷第133002页的Phys.Rev.Lett上.     

Numerical analysis of waveguide-enhanced optical bistability

We present the results of a simulation study of a multilayer structure for which strongly enhanced (resonant) electric fields are produced at the surface of, and in the interior of, a planar waveguide which is evanescently coupled to an incoming beam in a prism geometry. The resulting field enhancements can far exceed those associated with the well-known surface plasmon resonance in a typical silver film excited in the conventional attenuated total reflection geometry. Simulations are performed for optical bistability for the case of a typical YAG laser beam coupled to a zinc oxide (ZnO) waveguide, demonstrating that the effect should occur for reasonable values of the parameters involved.     

寻找囚禁在光腔中的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的八重准晶

准晶是一种拥有长程序但不具有周期性结构的一种物质.实验上通过将玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(BEC)放置在一个由四个光学腔组成的系统中,通过四个腔中激光照射在凝聚体上从而得到具有八重旋转对称性的准晶.本文结合虚时演化方法和分步傅里叶法从理论上得到了八重准晶体.我们通过这种方法可以实现更为复杂的晶体结构,从而为将来探索新物质提供了可能.     

Rotating Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical lattice: Formulation of vortex configuration for the ground state

We consider a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical lattice in the regime in which the system Hamiltonian can be mapped onto a Josephson junction array. In an approximate scheme where the couplings are assumed uniform, the ground state energy is formulated in terms of the vortex configuration. Application of the method for the ladder case presented and the results are compared with Monte-Carlo method.     

Controllable Persistent Atom Current of Bose-Einstein Condensates in an Optical Lattice Ring

In this paper the macroscopic quantum state of Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices is studied by solving the periodic Gross-Pitaevskii equation in one-dimensional geometry. It is shown that an exact solution seen to be a travelling wave of excited macroscopic quantum states resultes in a persistent atom current, which can be controlled by adjusting of the barrier height of the optical periodic potential. A critical condition to generate the travelling wave is demonstrated and we moreover propose a practical experiment to realize the persistent atom current in a toroidal atom waveguide.     

偶极-偶极相互作用下双势阱中旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚磁化率的非线性动力学性质

利用平均场理论和单空间模近似，研究了偶极-偶极相互作用下双势阱中总自旋F=1的旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚磁化率的非线性动力学性质.在给定的初态条件下，研究结果表明：当λ_A+2λ_d=0时，凝聚体只表现为磁化振荡行为；当λ_A+2λ_d≠0时，凝聚体既存在磁化振荡行为，又存在磁自陷俘现象. 关键词： 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚 自旋 磁化率     

偶极玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的各向异性耗散

针对偶极相互作用的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体,解析计算了点状杂质沿平行极化轴和垂直极化轴运动的能量耗散率,证明了在超流临界速度更大的方向上耗散率也更高.该结论为最近在162Dy原子气体中观测到的实验现象提供了理论支持.对于一般的运动方向,给出了耗散率在高速极限下以及临界速度附近的渐近形式.结合数值计算的结果,论证了耗散率随方向角的变化总是表现出与临界速度一致的各向异性.     

Squeezing of an atom laser originating from atomic Bose-Einstein condensate interacting with light field

The quadrature squeezing properties of an atom laser originating from atomic Bose-Einstein condensate interacting with light field are studied. We find that the squeezing properties of the atom laser are dependent on the initial light field interacting with the atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. If the initial light field cannot be squeezed, such as number state or coherent state light field, the atom laser as well cannot be squeezed. However, if the initial light field interacting with the atomic Bose-Einstein condensate being in squeezed state, the atom laser can be squeezed periodically, and its squeezing depth is dependent on the intensity of interatoms interaction.