Studies on Properties of p—Nitrophenylazo Calix[4]arene Derivatives

The p-nitrophenylazo calix[4] arene derivatives la-ld with nonlinear optical(NLO)properties were prepared by the diazo-coupling reaction of calix[4]arene with p-nitrophenyl diazonium.The diazotization reaction of p-nltroaniline was caried out with isoamyl nitrite as a source of nitrous acid in EtONa/EtOH under refluxing conditon.X-Ray crystallographic analysis and ^1H NMR sptectra reveal that they exist as cone conformation in crystal state or in soution.HRS measurements at 1064 nm in THF indicate that p-nitrophenylazo calix[4]arenes have higher hyperpolarizability βz values than the corresponding reference compound 4-(4-nitrophenylazo)-2,6-dimethyl-phenol,without red shift of the charge transfer band.The tetrakis p-nitropheylazo calix[4]arene(2)with longer alkyl chains can form monolayer aht the air/water interface.     

Studies on Properties of Tetra‐p‐nitro‐tetra‐O‐alkylcalix[4]arenes

Ibis paper reports the properties of the novel tetra‐p‐nitro‐tetra‐O‐alkyl‐calix[4]arenes (alkyl= n‐C₄H₉, 1; n‐C₈H₁₇ 2; n‐C₁₂H₂₅, 3; n‐C₁₆H₃₃, 4). X‐ray crystallographic analysis and ¹H NMR revealed that they exist as pinched‐cone conformation in crystal or cone conformation in solution. EFISH experiments at 1064 nm in CHCl₃, indicated that tetra‐p‐nitro‐tetra‐O‐butyl‐calix[4]arene (1) has higher hyperpolarizability β, values than the corresponding reference compound p‐nitro‐phenyl butyl ether, without red shift of the charge transfer band. Compounds 2, 3 and 4 with longer alkyl chains can form monolayer at the air/water.     

6,6’-二氧-3,3’-二四联氮自由基及其衍生物不同构象 NLO性质的DFT研究

运用密度泛函理论(DFT) UB3LYP和有限场(FF)方法, 探讨了6,6’-二氧-3,3’-二四联氮自由基及其衍生物构象变化对非线性光学性质的影响, 分析了自由基分子极化率、二阶超极化率对构象、自旋多重度的依赖关系. 结果表明, 不同构象下各体系有效交换积分值都小于零, 自由基间表现为反铁磁性耦合. 各体系单三态不同构象时极化率α值的变化很小, 且不同构象时单重态的α值都大于三重态. 在构象变化过程中, 体系(a)和(b)单重态的二阶超极化率均为负值(体系(a)的45°和135°除外), 且绝对值都小于三重态的二阶超极化率值, 体系(c)的单三重态二阶超极化率值均为正值, 且在分子接近平面构型时, 三重态的γ值大于单重态. 不同的取代基R, 对体系的构型、极化率和二阶超极化率的影响也不同.     

杯芳烃衍生物对阴离子的识别作用

综述了杯芳烃衍生物对阴离子识别作用的研究进展。详细介绍了杯芳烃衍生物的化学结构修饰和分子结构以及其通过氢键和静电等作用对卤素、有机酸根、金属酸根等阴离子的识别作用,并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

基于杯芳烃主体的分子自组装研究进展

分子自组装是超分子化学最重要的研究内容之一. 杯芳烃作为继冠醚、环糊精之后的第三代人工合成受体分子已在分子自组装研究方面取得了重要进展并显示了广泛的应用前景. 主要综述杯芳烃衍生物通过氢键、金属诱导配位、π-π作用、疏水作用等非共价键弱相互作用力在溶液状态、固态和界面的分子自组装方面的研究进展.     

The Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Calixarene Derivatives and their Interactions with Lead Ions

Several new nitrogen-containingcalixarene derivatives have been synthesized andtheir ion-binding properties investigated byUV spectroscopy and solventextraction. These derivatives include5,11,17,23-tetra-t-butyl-25,26,27,28-tetrakis(piperidinocarbonylmethoxy)calix[4]arene (5),5,11,17,23,29,35,41,47-octa-t-butyl-49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56-octa(piperidinocarbonylmethoxy)calix[8]arene (6) and5,11,17,23,29,35,41,47-octa-t-butyl-49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56-octa(N,N-diethyl-car-bamoyl-methoxy)calix[8]arene(7). The UV spectra of and 7revealed they had an ability to transform tight lead picrate ionpairs into separated ones by complexationwith Pb²⁺ in tetrahydrofuran.Both derivatives give 1 : 1 complexes with Pb²⁺. Extraction studies showed that these derivativescould efficiently extract Pb²⁺ (as picrate salts) from the aqueous phase into chloroform. Theextractability of these derivatives were also compared with that ofthe oxygen-containing ester derivative calix[8]arene 2 and the other two nitrogen-containingcompounds 8 and 9.     

杯芳烃衍生物研究进展

综述近年杯芳烃衍生物在分子识别、分子组装、酶模拟、化学传感器和光电材料等方面的研究进展, 尤其中国学者的研究进展.     

Crystal and molecular structure of the (1 : 1) clathrate between a calix[4]arene containing onep-nitrophenol unit and toluene

p-(Methyl,tert-butyl, nitro,tert-butyl) calix[4]arene: toluene, C₃₇H₄₁NO₆. C₇H₈,M _r = 687.87, triclinic, ,a = 13.668(2),b = 12.187(2),c = 13.231(1) Å, = 106.78(8), = 77.88(1), = 114.00(1)°,V = 1916.8(8) ų,Z = 2,D _x = 1.19 g cm^–3, (CuK ) = 1.54178 Å, = 5.90 cm^–1,F(000) = 736,T = 293 K, finalR = 0.068 for 6309 observed reflections. This macrocycle, having different substituents at the positionspara to the hydroxyl groups, is the first one of its type to be studied. The general conformation of this calix[4]arene is compared to similar symmetrical ones. Thetert-butyl groups are not disordered as is usual and toluene is retained between the macrocycles. Two calixarene molecules are positioned to permit atert-butyl group of one to be inside the cavity of the second to establish CH₃- interactions.     

Crystal and molecular structure of two calix[6]arenes:p-Isopropylcalix[6]arene andp-tert-butylcalix[6]arene—benzene(1∶3) complex

The isopropyl derivative crystallizes from a mixture of carbon disulfide and benzene in the orthorhombic system: Space groupP2₁ nb, a=17.420(3),b=17.708(3),c=18.972(3) Å,V=5852(3) Å,Z=4. Thet-butyl derivative crystallizes from benzene, but the crystal is a complex (13), space groupP,a=15,065(5),b=19.103(3),c=13.878(3) Å, =106.95(2), =102.72(2), =80.61(2),V=3703(2) ų,Z=2. Refinement led toR=0.185 for 1512 reflections for the isopropyl derivative, a sufficiently high number to establish the conformation of the molecule; for thet-butyl complexR=0.12 for 7340 reflections. Intramolecular hydrogen bonds are given as well as comparison of the conformation of both compounds. Thet-butyl groups and the benzene molecules are disordered but the isopropyl groups are not. Supplementary Data relating to this article are deposited with the British Library as Supplementary Publication No. SUP 82071 (57 pages).     

Extraction of Catecholamines by Calixarene Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Extraction behaviors of catecholamines with a series of calixarene carboxylic acid derivatives were investigated. Relatively large calix[6]arene and calix[8]arene extract catecholamines into the organic solution, while smaller calix[4]arene and the monomer analog do not. The calix[6]arene, which has a cavity that fits a protonated amino group well, selectively extracts a primary amino compound dopamine over other catecholamines. Slope analysis and Job’s method confirmed formation of a 1:1 complex between the calix[6]arene and dopamine. On the other hand, the calix[8]arene extracts both dopamine and adrenaline, due to the large cavity for induced-fit recognition. Dopamine extracted with the calixarene is quantitatively stripped by contacting the organic solution with a fresh acidic solution.     

Efficient Construction and Structure Determination of Novel Macrocycles with Calixarene Bishydrazones

A series of large macrocyclic calixarene bishydrazones were efficiently synthesized by [2+2] condensation reactions of calix[4]arene 1,3‐disubstituted aldehydes with hydrated hydrazine. The X‐ray single crystal diffraction showed that macrocycles form a distinctive calixtube‐liking shape.     

Synthesis of Calix[4]arene Derivatives with NLO Properties

The new chromophore compounds with NLO properties were prepared by Knoevenagel condensation from forrnyl or diformyl calix[4/arene and isophorone derivatives in the presence of piperidine and acetic acid, respectively. In these chromophore calix[4]arenes, the ring locked trienes were employed as the conjugation bridge and electron acceptor in D-π-A units. The NMR spectra demonstrated that they existed in a cone conformation and consequently non-conjugated D-π-A units could be oriented at nearly the same direction.     

杯芳烃超分子对甲醇的识别机理分析及应用

采用四种杯芳烃超分子化合物为吸附涂层物质, 探讨了涂膜石英晶体微天平(QCM)传感方法对环境大气中微量甲醇气体的识别研究, 发现RCT(Resorcinol cyclic tetramer)是对甲醇气体识别最有效的活性涂层材料. 通过RCT-MeOH单晶体的制备并对其进行X-ray衍射结构解析, 发现其识别机制是基于甲醇分子中的甲基与杯芳烃化合物的苯环之间形成了C-H…π键作用. 当RCT涂层质量为28.16 μg时, 涂膜QCM传感器对甲醇的响应最灵敏, 达到0.01245 Hz/ppm. 该传感器对甲醇气体吸附和解吸附的初速度分别为－0.2110 Hz/s和0.09497 Hz/s. 该方法具有响应快、重现性和稳定性好的优点, 对甲醇测定的回收率在97.83%～103.66%之间, 与气相色谱法测定结果一致, 表明该方法可应用于环境大气中甲醇气体含量的检测.     

用杯芳烃构建一种可pH开关的聚合物

设计了一个高中化学探究活动, 从杯芳烃的基础知识起步, 引导高中生运用有机物常见官能团知识探讨杯芳烃的修饰, 并尝试运用氢键知识探究一种可pH调控的双杯[4]芳烃胶囊聚合物, 旨在让高中生更加深刻地理解"结构决定性质", 并根据官能团的特点理解化合物的性质, 进而感受如何根据应用需求来设计分子。     

两亲性四硫富瓦烯衍生物的合成及其性质研究

二-(1,3-二硫环戊烯-2-硫酮-4,5-二硫)合锌酸四乙基铵盐(Zincate盐)分别与溴代十四烷和溴代十八烷在乙腈中回流,合成相应的1,3-二硫环戊烯-2-硫酮2a和2b.以亚磷酸三乙酯为偶联剂,其分别和4,5-二氰基乙硫基-1,3-二硫环戊烯-2-酮(3)发生交叉偶合反应合成四硫富瓦烯(TTF)衍生物4a和4b.在氢氧化铯的存在下,4a和4b分别与2-碘乙氧基乙醇反应生成含羟基的四硫富瓦烯(TTF)衍生物5a和5b.以三乙胺为缚酸剂,其与对甲基苯磺酰氯反应,生成含活化羟基的TTF衍生物6a和6b.在氢氧化钠的存在下,6a和6b分别与巯基噻二唑反应生成含有疏水长链烷烃和亲水醚键连接的噻二唑两亲性TTF衍生物7a～7d,并对其进行了1H NMR,13C NMR,IR,MS的表征以及初步电化学行为和Langrnuir-Blodgett膜性能研究.     

Octa(p-hydroxy)octakis(propyloxy)calix[8]arene: The First Crystal Structure of a p-Hydroxy Calixarene

Octa(p-ydroxy)octakis(propyloxy)calix[8]arene.9(pyridine).2(H₂O) crystallises in the triclinic space group P-1, a = 14.083(2), b = 14.478(2), c = 15.652(2) Å, = 70.109(4), = 74.146(3), = 75.572(4)°, V = 2843(1) ų, Z = 1. Refinement led to a final R₁ value of 0.0757 for 4693 reflections. The calixarene sits around a crystallographic centre of inversion and is in the `chair-like' conformation. All p-hydroxyl groups form hydrogen bonds with either pyridine or water molecules leading the extended structure to be composed of infinite ribbons parallel to the [1,0,-1] direction.     

气相色谱研究杯[4]芳烃衍生物

选取两种不同结构的怀「４」芳烃做固定相，研究了烃基取代苯，不同数目的甲基取代苯，稠环芳烃和醇系列化合物的保留值变化规律；讨论了杯「４」芳烃固定相与溶质分子间的弥散力作用，氢键作用及空间适应性；指出杯「４」芳烃对芳香烃等良好选择性；对乙腈和甲醇等小分子似有包结。     

SAXS对NLO芪唑盐LB薄膜稳定性的研究

具有优良NLO性质的芪唑盐(记为S)已被用于制备LB薄膜,但其成膜性不好,稳定性差;S和花生酸镉(记为A)的混合系虽可改善成膜性,但在此混合膜系中,S相的稳定性仍然不佳。应用SAXS和微机模型拟合(MCMI)研究了上述两类LB薄膜的凝聚态结构,结果指出:在LB薄膜的二维类晶系结构中,S分子中呈哑铃形的芪唑基倾向于作倾斜状的密堆砌,S分子中的丙条脂肪链则倾向于采取全反式燕尾式构象,而且脂肪链只占S分子长的2/3,这就导致了S分子在二维类晶系结构中凝聚力的下降,以及造成LB薄膜层状超分子结构的破坏和崩塌。     

含液晶基团的冠醚LB膜研究

合成了含有联苯介晶基团的长链冠醚,并首次制成含液晶基团的冠醚LB膜,由LB膜的荧光光谱研究发现,与其单体在CHCl_3稀溶液中的荧光光谱相比,LB膜的荧光光谱向长波方向移动,表明分子均以缔结状态存在,XRD结果表明,LB膜具有良好的有序结构,单分子膜厚2.6nm。     

1−去氧巴卡亭Ⅵ衍生物的合成和结构的研究

本文以1−去氧巴卡亭Ⅵ为原料合成系列衍生物,用X−射线单晶衍射方法研究了这些衍生物的精细立体结构。研究了母环上不同取代基对分子构象的影响,晶体学数据分析的结果证明C(2)和C(4)取代基对分子母环中A环构象起决定性作用,C(10)、C(13)位去乙酰基或C(9)和C(10)位羟基形成缩酮对分子构象无显著的影响,但对母环上不同环的构象产生细微的变化。研究结果还表明：C(2)位苯甲酰基的构象呈现揉曲性,此特性与紫杉烷类化合物的生物活性有关。