Synthesis of 2,5-dihydrobenzo[b]oxepins and 5,6-dihydro-2H-benzo[b]oxocines based on [3+3] cyclizations of 1,3-bis(silyl enol ethers)

Functionalized 2,5-dihydrobenzo[b]oxepins and 5,6-dihydro-2H-benzo[b]oxocines were prepared based on a ‘[3+3] cyclization-olefin-metathesis’ strategy.     

Synthesis of 7-hydroxy-6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-ones based on a ‘[3+3] cyclization/domino retro-Michael-aldol-lactonization’ strategy

The TiCl₄-mediated [3+3] cyclization of 2,4-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)penta-1,3-diene with 3-silyloxyalk-2-en-1-ones afforded 2-acetylphenols, which were transformed into functionalized chromones. The Me₃SiOTf-mediated condensation of the latter with 1,3-bis(silyl enol ethers) and subsequent domino ‘retro-Michael-aldol-lactonization’ reaction afforded 7-hydroxy-6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-ones.     

Synthesis of natural pulvinic acids based on a ‘[3+2] cyclization-Suzuki cross-coupling’ strategy

A number of pulvinic acid natural products were prepared based on Suzuki cross coupling reactions of α-hydroxy-γ-alkylidenebutenolides which are readily available by cyclization of 1,3-bis-silyl enol ethers with oxalyl chloride. The formal total synthesis of pulvinic acid, atromentic acid, gomphidic acid and of 4-hydroxypulvinic acid, 4′-hydroxypulvinic acid and iso-gomphidic acid are reported. In addition, total syntheses of pinastric acid, xerocomic acid and variegatic acid were accomplished.     

Synthesis of fluorenones based on a ‘[3+3] cyclization/Suzuki cross-coupling/Friedel-Crafts acylation’ strategy

Functionalized fluorenones were prepared by sequential ‘[3+3] cyclization-Suzuki cross-coupling/Friedel-Crafts acylation’ reactions.     

Synthesis of dibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-ones based on a ‘[3+3] cyclization-Suzuki cross-coupling’ strategy

Functionalized dibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-ones were prepared by sequential ‘[3+3] cyclization-Suzuki cross-coupling’ reactions.     

Synthesis of functionalized triarylmethanes based on a ‘FeCl3-catalyzed benzylation/[3+3] cyclocondensation’ strategy

Functionalized triarylmethanes are prepared in two steps by FeCl₃-catalyzed benzylation of acetylacetone to give 3-(diarylmethyl)pentane-2,4-diones and subsequent formal [3+3] cyclization of the latter with 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-dienes.     

Synthesis of sterically encumbered biaryls based on a ‘copper(I)-catalyzed arylation/[3+3] cyclocondensation’ strategy

Sterically encumbered biaryls are prepared in two steps by CuI-proline-catalyzed arylation of acetylacetone to give 3-arylpentane-2,4-diones and subsequent formal [3+3] cyclization of the latter with 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-dienes.     

Synthesis of of sterically encumbered biaryls based on a ‘copper(I)-catalyzed arylation/[3+3] cyclocondensation’ strategy

Sterically encumbered biaryls are prepared in two steps by combination of the CuI-proline-catalyzed arylation of acetylacetone with formal [3+3] cyclizations of 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-dienes. In addition, the synthesis of 4,6- and 5,6-diarylsalicylates based on [3+3] cyclizations is reported.     

Synthesis of chromanes by sequential ‘[3+3]-cyclization/Williamson’ reactions of 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-7-chlorohepta-1,3-dienes

Functionalized chromanes were prepared by sequential ‘[3+3]-cyclization/Williamson’ reactions of 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-7-chlorohepta-1,3-dienes with 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane, 3-silyloxyalk-2-en-1-ones, and 1,1-diacetylcyclopropane. The first step of the sequence involves [3+3] cyclizations of the starting materials to give 2-(3-chloropropyl)phenols. The subsequent cyclization proceeds by intramolecular nucleophilic substitution. 6-(2-Hydroxybenzoyl)chromanes were prepared based on sequential ‘[3+3]-cyclization/Williamson’ reactions of 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-7-chlorohepta-1,3-dienes with 3-formylchromones.     

Synthesis of 3-aryl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins by regioselective domino ‘[3+3] cyclization/lactonization’ reactions of 1,3-bis-(silyloxy)-1,3-butadienes with 1-hydroxy-5-silyloxy-4-en-3-ones

The [3+3] cyclization of 1,3-bis(silyloxy)-1,3-butadienes with 1-hydroxy-5-silyloxy-4-en-3-ones afforded 6-(2-aryl-2-chloroethyl)salicylates, which were transformed into 3-aryl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins by silica gel-mediated lactonization.     

Synthesis of diaryl ethers based on one-pot [3+3] cyclizations of 1,3-bis(silyl enol ethers)

Functionalized and sterically encumbered diaryl ethers were prepared by [3+3] cyclization of 1,3-bis(silyl enol ethers) with 2-aryloxy-3-(silyloxy)alk-2-en-1-ones.     

Synthesis of functionalized triarylmethanes by combination of FeCl3-catalyzed benzylations of acetylacetone with [3+3] cyclocondensations

Functionalized triarylmethanes are prepared in two steps by FeCl₃-catalyzed benzylation of acetylacetone to give 3-(diarylmethyl)pentane-2,4-diones and subsequent formal [3+3] cyclization of the latter with 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-dienes.     

Regioselective synthesis of functionalized 2-(phenylthio)benzoates by ‘[3+3] cyclization/homo-Michael’ reactions of 1-methoxy-1-trimethylsilyloxy-3-phenylthio-1,3-butadienes with 1,1-diacylcyclopropanes

2-(Phenylthio)benzoates containing a remote halide function are regioselectively prepared by ‘[3+3] cyclization/homo-Michael’ reactions of 1-methoxy-1-trimethylsilyloxy-3-phenylthio-1,3-butadienes with 1,1-diacylcyclopropanes.     

Synthesis of functionalized arylalkyl and diaryl ethers by [3+3] cyclization of 3-alkoxy- and 3-aryloxy-1-siloxy-1,3-butadienes with 3-(silyloxy)alk-2-en-1-ones

Functionalized diaryl ethers were prepared by [3+3] cyclization of 3-aryloxy-1-siloxy-1,3-butadienes with 3-(silyloxy)alk-2-en-1-ones.     

Synthesis of sterically encumbered and functionalized diaryl-diazenes by formal [3+3] cyclization of 2-aryldiazenyl-3-silyloxy-2-en-1-ones with 1,3-bis(silyloxy)-1,3-butadienes

Functionalized diaryl-diazenes (azo-dyes) were regioselectively prepared by formal [3+3] cyclization of 1,3-bis(silyloxy)-1,3-butadienes with 2-aryldiazenyl-3-silyloxy-2-en-1-ones.     

Synthesis of functionalized acetophenones by [3 + 3] cyclizations of 1,3-bis-silyl enol ethers with 2-acetyl-3-silyloxyalk-2-en-1-ones

The TiCl₄ mediated cyclization of 1,3-bis-silyl enol ethers with 2-acetyl-1-silyloxybut-1-en-3-one and 3-acetyl-4-silyloxypent-3-en-2-one, readily prepared from 3-formyl(acetylacetone) and triacetylmethane, afforded a variety of functionalized acetophenones.     

Synthesis of phthalates and isophthalates by [3+3] cyclizations of 1,3-bis(silyl enol ethers) with 3-(silyloxy)alk-2-en-1-ones

3-Hydroxyphthalates and 4-hydroxyisophthalates were prepared by sequential [3+3] cyclization reactions of 1,3-bis(silyl enol ethers) with 2- and 3-alkoxycarbonyl-3-(silyloxy)alk-2-en-1-ones.     

Synthesis of 6-alkylidene-2,3-benzo-1,4-diaza-7-oxabicyclo[4.3.0]non-2-enes by cyclization of 1,3-bis(silyl enol ethers) with quinoxalines

6-Alkylidene-2,3-benzo-1,4-diaza-7-oxabicyclo[4.3.0]non-2-enes were prepared by cyclization of 1,3-bis(silyl enol ethers) with quinoxaline.     

One-pot synthesis of aryl fluorides by [3+3] cyclization of 1,3-bis(silyl enol ethers) with 2-fluoro-3-silyloxy-2-en-1-ones

Functionalized aryl fluorides were regioselectively prepared by [3+3] cyclization of 1,3-bis(silyl enol ethers) with 2-fluoro-3-silyloxy-2-en-1-ones.     

Regioselective synthesis of functionalized 4-nitro- and 4-amino-phenols based on formal [3+3] cyclocondensations of 3-ethoxy-2-nitro-2-en-1-ones with 1,3-bis(silyloxy)-1,3-butadienes

Functionalized 4-nitro- and 4-aminophenols were regioselectively prepared based on [3+3] cyclizations of 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-butadienes with 3-ethoxy-2-nitro-2-en-1-ones.