Ab initio study of water adsorption on TiO2-terminated (100) surface of SrTiO3 with and without Cr doping

Water molecule adsorption on TiO₂-terminated (100) surface of SrTiO₃ with and without Cr doping is investigated by first principle calculation based on density functional theory. The band gap is shrunk compared with that of bulk due to the existence of defect states on the surface and 3d states of dopants. As a result the absorption energy edge is reduced and locates in the visible region. When adsorbed on the surface, energy levels of water molecules as a whole are lowered with respect to the Fermi energy, but the higher levels are split and electrons are transferred from low levels to high levels due to the decrease of the density of states in low energy region. Weak bonding is formed between water hydrogen atoms and surface oxygen atoms. This bonding causes the electron transferring from substrate to molecule and the occupation of the corresponding states.     

Ab initio investigation of the CdTe (001) surface

Based on first-principles density functional pseudopotential calculations, the CdTe (001) surface has been studied. Atomic configurations of different reconstructions are obtained with good accuracy. This reveals the efficiency of the force calculation for the surface relaxations. The surface energies were calculated on relaxed surface slabs as a function of the chemical potentials. The main result is that the energy of the Te-terminated dimerized surface with a (2 × 1) reconstruction is larger than the Cd-terminated c(2×2) reconstructed surface. This is in agreement with what was suspected by the equilibrium model introduced by F. Tinjod et al., which explains the formation of the quantum dots in CdTe/ZnTe superstructures.     

Ab initio chemisorption studies of H on Fe(110)

Ab initio configuration interaction calculations are performed to study the chemisorption of atomic H on a Fe(110) surface. The lattice is modeled as an embedded three-layer, 40-atom cluster with the Fe atoms fixed at the bulk position. Fe 3d orbitals are explicitly included on five Fe atoms on the surface. Hydrogen strongly binds to the Fe(110) surface at the long-bridge, short-bridge, and quasi three-fold sites. The calculated adsorption energies are 2.76, 2.73, and 2.71 eV, respectively. H-surface bonding at the on-top Fe site is more than 0.4 eV weaker. The calculated H-surface distances are 0.89, 1.03, and 0.87 Å for H at the long-bridge, short-bridge, and quasi three-fold sites, respectively, which agrees well with the LEED value of 0.9 ± 0.1 Å. The H-surface stretching vibrational frequencies are calculated to be 1070, 1066, and 1073 cm⁻¹, at the long-bridge, short-bridge, and quasi three-fold sites, respectively. The work function of Fe(110) decreases on H adsorption. The present calculations indicate that H diffusion into the bulk through the short-bridge site will have a much higher activation barrier than via the long-bridge and quasi three-fold sites.     

H2S在Cr(111)面上吸附与解离的第一性原理研究

采用了第一性原理研究了H₂S在Cr(111)面的吸附解离过程，利用吸附能、吸附构型和偏态密度图(PDOS)研究了H₂S及其解离产物在Cr(111)面上的吸附情况，都偏向倾斜吸附在Cr(111)面.同时研究了HS/H和S/H共吸附情况，得到共吸附物质在Cr(111)面上有明显的相互作用.最后使用线性同步和二次同步变换方法确定了解离反应的过渡态，了解到第一、二步解离的活化能分别为1.65 eV、0.82 eV,H₂S分子在Cr(111)面上的解离过程是放热反应，反应能为-2.90 eV.     

氢吸附金刚石（001）表面的第一性原理研究

采用第一性原理方法研究氢吸附的金刚石（001）表面，计算了氢吸附金刚石表面构型.通过分析吸附前后空间电荷分布的变化，发现吸附H原子的金刚石（001）表面电荷向H原子转移，即表明氢吸附的金刚石表面带负电.分析了这种现象的微观机制，以及它对金刚石表面电学性质的影响. 关键词： 第一性原理计算 金刚石（001）面 表面吸附 电荷密度分布     

第一性原理分析二氧化碳在CaO(100)表面的吸附性能

运用广义梯度密度泛函理论（GGA-PW91）结合周期平板模型方法,研究了CO2分子分别在1×1×1和2×2×1CaO(100)超晶胞面最稳定位的吸附行为。结果表明：CaO(100)表面的Osurf原子为CO2分子的有效吸附位,能够和CO2分子形成稳定吸附键C-Osurf, 其吸附能为0.858 eV。在吸附前后C和Osurf原子的价电子组态分别由2s0.892p2.47和2s1.842p4.99变化为2s0.682p2.33和2s1.902p5.17,而且在CO2分子中的O2s原子与Surface层的Casub4s原子间存在相互作用。考察了多个CO2分子在2×2×1 CaO(100)表面吸附时存在分子间相互排斥作用,发现当四个CO2分子吸附到2×2×1CaO(100)超晶胞面时,排斥能为1.76 eV,不利于CO2分子的吸附。     

第一性原理分析二氧化碳在CaO(100)表面的吸附性能

运用广义梯度密度泛函理论（GGA-PW91）结合周期平板模型方法,研究了CO2分子分别在1×1×1和2×2×1CaO(100)超晶胞面最稳定位的吸附行为。结果表明：CaO(100)表面的Osurf原子为CO2分子的有效吸附位,能够和CO2分子形成稳定吸附键C-Osurf, 其吸附能为0.858 eV。在吸附前后C和Osurf原子的价电子组态分别由2s0.892p2.47和2s1.842p4.99变化为2s0.682p2.33和2s1.902p5.17,而且在CO2分子中的O2s原子与Surface层的Casub4s原子间存在相互作用。考察了多个CO2分子在2×2×1 CaO(100)表面吸附时存在分子间相互排斥作用,发现当四个CO2分子吸附到2×2×1CaO(100)超晶胞面时,排斥能为1.76 eV,不利于CO2分子的吸附。     

Ab initio study on magnetism at GaN (100) and (101) surfaces

The magnetism of GaN (100) and (101) surfaces containing neutral intrinsic defects has been investigated using ab inito calculations. Ideal Ga-ended GaN (100) surfaces and (101) surfaces are nonmagnetic. After surface relaxation, an N-ended GaN (100) surface transforms to a Ga-end, which presents local magnetic moments being ferromagnetically coupled. Neutral gallium vacancies at the (100) surface bring about large magnetic moments, which are ferromagnetically coupled. The spin-polarization of 2p electrons of nitrogen atoms is responsible for the induced magnetic moments. Neutral nitrogen vacancies at the (101) surface induce a zero magnetic moment. Neutral gallium vacancies at the (101) surface might lead to an antiferromagnetic state.     

Ab initio study of ion-pair states of I2 molecule

This paper reports on ab initio study of the ion-pair states of the I₂ molecule, correlating to I⁺(³ P _{J=2, 1, 0}, ¹ D ₂) + I^?(¹ S ₀) dissociation asymptotes. Calculations are in a rather good agreement with experiment and explain key features of the ion-pair states structure including in particular the remarkable similarity of the gerade state potentials in comparison with the ungerade ones which significantly differ in shape and equilibrium internuclear distance. The dipole moment functions were calculated for the transitions between ion-pair states, correlating to a common and different dissociation thresholds. The dipole moment functions for this type of transitions have been obtained for the first time and are or special interest in the context of resent experimental studies of the amplified spontaneous emission effect on transitions between ion-pair states.     

Effects of surface corrugation on the molecular rotational dependence of H2 dissociative adsorption dynamics on Cu(100)

We investigate and discuss how surface corrugation affects the molecular rotational dependence of H₂ dissociative adsorption dynamics on Cu(100) by performing six-dimensional (6D) quantum dynamics calculations. We calculate the dissociative adsorption probability as a function of the initial rotational state J and the normal energy E_norm of incident molecules, and compare with the dissociative adsorption results obtained by four-dimensional (4D) quantum dynamics calculations where the surface is treated as flat. In our calculation, for the case of normal incidence, the increase in dissociative adsorption probability with increasing E_norm and the non-monotonic behavior of dissociative adsorption probability with respect to J are suppressed on a corrugated surface as compared to that on a flat surface.     

Ab initio study of adsorption behaviors of molecular adsorbates on the surface and at the edge of MoS2

Two dimensional (2D) semiconducting materials such as MoS₂ have been actively investigated for their applications in nanodevices and gas sensors (or detectors). In this connection, we have investigated atomic and electronic structures of specific adsorbates on the surface of MoS₂ and the edge of MoS₂ armchair nanoribbons (ANRs) using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our calculations reveal that molecular adsorbates are well adsorbed at the edge of MoS₂ than on the surface of MoS₂. Despite the weak van der Waals (vdW) interaction between molecular adsorbates and MoS₂ surface, paramagnetic molecules such as NO and NO₂ induce the reduced band gap in MoS₂ by making the states within the bandgap. On the other hand, adsorbed CO, NO, NO₂, and O₂ at the edge of MoS₂ ANRs have much influence on the band structures of MoS₂ ANRs via dissociation into their constituent atoms, while adsorbed CO₂, NH₃, H₂, and N₂ at the edge of MoS₂ ANRs do not much change the band structure of MoS₂ ANRs due to no dissociation. Further, we identify that dissociated molecules rearrange the charge densities of MoS₂ ANRs by making the states within the bandgap.     

The adsorption of Cs on the Si(100)2 × 1 surface

LEED observations have shown that the existing model for Cs adsorption on Si(100) is incomplete. It has been found that adsorption occurs only onto the raised surface sites and is progressive through 1Cs : 3Si, 2Cs : 3Si and finally 1Cs : 1Si structures. The transition from 2Cs : 3Si to 1Cs : 1Si involves a change in the Cs bonding which has been shown to be responsible for the detailed caesiation behaviour.     

H2O分子在Fe(100), Fe(110), Fe(111)表面吸附的第一性原理研究

采用第一性原理研究了H2O分子在Fe(100),Fe(110),Fe(111)三个高对称晶面上的表面吸附.结果表明,H2O分子在三个晶面上的最稳定结构皆为平行于基底表面的顶位吸附结构.H2O分子与三个晶面相互作用的吸附能及几何结构计算结果表明H2O分子与三个晶面的相互作用程度不同,H2O分子与Fe(111)晶面的相互作用最强,其次是Fe(100),相互作用最弱的是Fe(110)表面,而这与晶面原子的排列密度相关.吸附体系的电子结构计算结果也得出了相似的结论.同时电荷布居分析表明,H2O分子与Fe表面相互作用时,O原子与基底原子之间的电荷交换使基底Fe原子表面带负电,导致表面电位降低,也促使Fe表面更易于发生电化学腐蚀反应.