Simulation of size effects by a phase field model for fracture

In phase field fracture models the value of the order parameter distinguishes between broken and undamaged material. At crack faces the order parameter interpolates smoothly between these two states of the material, which can be regarded as phases. The crack evolution follows implicitly from the time integration of an evolution equation of the order parameter, which is coupled to the mechanical field equations. Among other phenomena phase field fracture models are able to reproduce crack nucleation in initially sound materials. For a 1D setting it has been shown that crack nucleation is triggered by the loss of stability of the unfractured, spatially homogeneous solution, and that the stability point depends on the size of the considered structure. This work numerically investigates to which extend size effects are reproduced by the 2D phase field model. Exemplarily, a finite element study of the hole size effect is performed and the simulation results are compared to experimental data.     

Mesoscopic characterization and modeling of microcracking in cementitious materials by the extended finite element method

This study develops a mesoscopic framework and methodology for the modeling of microcracks in concrete. A new algorithm is first proposed for the generation of random concrete meso-structure including microcracks and then coupled with the extended finite element method to simulate the heterogeneities and discontinuities present in the meso-structure of concrete. The proposed procedure is verified and exemplified by a series of numerical simulations. The simulation results show that microcracks can exert considerable impact on the fracture performance of concrete. More broadly, this work provides valuable insight into the initiation and propagation mechanism of microcracks in concrete and helps to foster a better understanding of the micro-mechanical behavior of cementitious materials.     

光纤环十六极对称绕法温度性能的仿真与分析

温度性能对光纤陀螺的精度影响至关重要。通过深入研究光纤环的十六极对称绕法,达到了改善光纤陀螺温度性能的目的。在对光纤陀螺由Shupe误差引起的热致旋转速率误差数学模型离散化的基础上,结合ANSYS有限元分析软件建立了精确到匝的光纤环十六极对称绕法有限元模型。根据所建立的光纤环温度分布模型,仿真分析比较了在光纤环四周施加变化的温度激励和分别在径向和轴向施加相同的恒定温度激励下,十六极对称绕法与四极和八极对称绕法绕制的光纤陀螺的温度性能。仿真实验结果显示:由十六极对称绕法绕制的光纤陀螺的热致旋转速率误差要低于四极和八极对称绕法1~2个数量级,这对十六极对称绕法在高精度光纤陀螺中的应用具有重要意义。