共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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在现代分析领域中,对于生物传感器的要求不断倾向于微型化和便捷化。基于酶型生物燃料电池的自供能传感器在检测目标物的同时可以提供能量,避免了外电源的使用,为生物传感器的微型化和便捷化发展提供了有效途径,日益成为人们关注的焦点。本文按照设计原理进行分类,对近五年内发展的基于酶型生物燃料电池的自供能传感器进行了综述,并展望了其今后的研究趋势和应用前景。 相似文献
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生物燃料电池的研究进展 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:12
简要介绍生物燃料电池的工作原理、分类,归纳近年来国内外研究现状.讨论了电子传递媒介体在生物燃料电池中的作用以及如何提高电池性能的对策.最后,探讨了影响生物燃料电池研究进展的瓶颈,并展望其应用前景. 相似文献
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微生物细胞与微生物燃料电池阳极之间的电子传递效率是影响产电性能的关键因素.借助阳极修饰可以促进电子转移速率,提高电池的性能.本文合成了一种以聚4-乙烯基吡啶为骨架,中性红单体为氧化还原活性中心、具有良好导电性和生物兼容性的氧化还原水凝胶材料.其中通过共价键合固定氧化还原中介体,避免了对外界环境的二次污染.以该材料修饰碳纸作为阳极组装电池,实验表明经过修饰的生物阳极驯化周期缩短,阳极电势更接近NADH/NAD的平衡电位.该电池的功率密度较未修饰的电极的电池有明显的提高. 相似文献
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利用掺杂氮介孔材料(NDMPC)和羧甲基壳聚糖(CMCH)机械共混的纳米复合物作为固酶载体,以滴涂-干燥法分别制备了固定漆酶(Lac)阴极和固定葡萄糖氧化酶阳极,组装了有Nafion离子交换膜的葡萄糖/O2酶燃料电池.固定漆酶电极作为燃料电池阴极和氧电化学传感器的性能以结合旋转圆盘电极技术的循环伏安法、线性扫描伏安(LSV)法以及计时电流法进行表征,同时使用紫外-可见分光光度法和石墨炉原子吸收光谱法研究酶分子在电极表面的构型和估算电极表面载体对酶的担载量.测试结果表明:固酶阴极在无电子中介体时可以实现漆酶活性中心T1与导电基体之间的直接电子迁移(表观电子迁移速率为0.013 s-1),而且具有较小的氧还原超电势(150 mV).通过进一步定量比较分子内电子传递速率(1000 s-1)、底物转化速率(0.023 s-1)以及前述酶-导电基体间电子迁移速率,可以发现此电极催化氧还原循环受制于酶-电极之间的电子迁移过程;这种电极对氧的传感性能良好:低检测限(0.04 μmol·dm-3)、高灵敏度(12.1 μA·μmol-1·dm3)和良好的对氧亲和力(KM = 8.2 μmol·dm-3),这种固酶阴极还具有良好的重现性、长期使用性、热稳定性和pH耐受性.组装的生物燃料电池的开路电压为0.38 V,最大能量输出密度为19.2 μW·cm-2,最佳工作条件下使用3周后输出功率密度仍可保持初始值的60%以上. 相似文献
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酶电极电子转移途径的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
酶的活性中心与电极表面的电子转移直接影响酶电极的性能和特征。自1962年第一个酶电极报道以来,科学家们不断探索新的方式实现酶与电极间电子转移并取得了较大的进展,使生物传感器由第一代依靠氧与葡萄糖氧化酶中的活性中心反应测量氧的消耗为原理,发展到第三代实现酶的活性中心与电极表面之间的直接电子转移,即所谓的"无试剂电化学生物传感器"。然而,探究酶电极内在电子转移机理以及设计能够满足不同应用要求并适合大规模量产、价格合适的酶电极仍然是研究的热点。本文综述了主要的电子转移方式以及相应的优缺点,以及笔者团队开发的使用氧化还原聚合物实现电子转移的方法,并对其应用前景进行展望。 相似文献
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酶的活性中心与电极表面的电子转移直接影响酶电极的性能和特征。自1962年第一个酶电极报道以来,科学家们不断探索新的方式实现酶与电极间电子转移并取得了较大的进展,使生物传感器由第一代依靠氧与葡萄糖氧化酶中的活性中心反应测量氧的消耗为原理,发展到第三代实现酶的活性中心与电极表面之间的直接电子转移,即所谓的"无试剂电化学生物传感器"。然而,探究酶电极内在电子转移机理以及设计能够满足不同应用要求并适合大规模量产、价格合适的酶电极仍然是研究的热点。本文综述了主要的电子转移方式以及相应的优缺点,以及笔者团队开发的使用氧化还原聚合物实现电子转移的方法,并对其应用前景进行展望。 相似文献
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微生物燃料电池生物阴极 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
微生物燃料电池(microbial fuel cells, MFCs)利用微生物处理废水的同时产电,是一种清洁可再生能源技术。近年来新兴起的生物阴极是指阴极室中的功能微生物附着在电极表面形成生物膜,电子由电极传递给微生物并发生相应的生物电化学反应;是微生物燃料电池研究的一个重要方向。本文根据厌氧、好氧操作体系的不同将生物阴极进行分类;归纳总结了微生物组成、电极和分隔材料的研究进展,探讨了生物阴极在去除污染物和生成高附加值产品中的实际应用,并提出了其将来发展的可能方向。 相似文献
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Nikola Markovi Felipe Conzuelo Julian Szczesny María Begoa GonzlezGarcía David HernndezSantos Adrian Ruff Wolfgang Schuhmann 《Electroanalysis》2019,31(2):217-221
We report a prototype air‐breathing carbon cloth‐based electrode that was fabricated starting from a commercially available screen‐printed electrode equipped with a transparent ITO working electrode (DropSens, ref. ITO10). The fabrication of the air‐breathing electrodes is straightforward, shows satisfactory reproducibility and a good electrochemical response as evaluated by means of [Fe(CN)6]3?/4? voltammetry. The gas‐diffusion electrodes were successfully modified with the O2 reducing enzyme bilirubin oxidase from Myrothecium verrucaria in a direct electron transfer regime. The enzyme modified electrodes showed a remarkable high current density for O2 reduction in passive air‐breathing mode of up to 5 mA cm?2. Moreover, the enzyme modified electrodes were applied as O2 reducing biocathodes in a glucose/air enzymatic biofuel cell in combination with a high current density glucose oxidase/redox polymer bioanode. The biofuel cell provides a high maximum power density of (0.34±0.02) mW cm?2 at 0.25 V. The straightforward design, low cost and the high reproducibility of these electrodes are considered as basis for standardized measurements under gas‐breathing conditions and for high throughput screening of gas converting (bio‐)catalysts. 相似文献
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Piyanut Pinyou Dr. Adrian Ruff Dr. Sascha Pöller Dr. Su Ma Dr. Roland Ludwig Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Schuhmann 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(15):5319-5326
Multistep synthesis and electrochemical characterization of an Os complex‐modified redox hydrogel exhibiting a redox potential ≈+30 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl 3 m KCl) is demonstrated. The careful selection of bipyridine‐based ligands bearing N,N‐dimethylamino moieties and an amino‐linker for the covalent attachment to the polymer backbone ensures the formation of a stable redox polymer with an envisaged redox potential close to 0 V. Most importantly, the formation of an octahedral N6‐coordination sphere around the Os central atoms provides improved stability concomitantly with the low formal potential, a low reorganization energy during the Os3+/2+ redox conversion and a negligible impact on oxygen reduction. By wiring a variety of enzymes such as pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)‐dependent glucose dehydrogenase, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)‐dependent glucose dehydrogenase and the FAD‐dependent dehydrogenase domain of cellobiose dehydrogenase, low‐potential glucose biosensors could be obtained with negligible co‐oxidation of common interfering compounds such as uric acid or ascorbic acid. In combination with a bilirubin oxidase‐based biocathode, enzymatic biofuel cells with open‐circuit voltages of up to 0.54 V were obtained. 相似文献
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Dr. Felipe Conzuelo Nikola Marković Dr. Adrian Ruff Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Schuhmann 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2018,57(41):13681-13685
In the development of biofuel cells great effort is dedicated to achieving outstanding figures of merit, such as high stability, maximum power output, and a large open circuit voltage. Biofuel cells with immobilized redox mediators, such as redox polymers with integrated enzymes, show experimentally a substantially higher open circuit voltage than the thermodynamically expected value. Although this phenomenon is widely reported in the literature, there is no comprehensive understanding of the potential shift, the high open circuit voltages have not been discussed in detail, and hence they are only accepted as an inherent property of the investigated systems. We demonstrate that this effect is the result of a Nernstian shift of the electrode potential when catalytic conversion takes place in the absence or at very low current flow. Experimental evidence confirms that the immobilization of redox centers on the electrode surface results in the assembled biofuel cell delivering a higher power output because of charge storage upon catalytic conversion. Our findings have direct implications for the design and evaluation of (bio)fuel cells with pseudocapacitive elements. 相似文献
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《Macromolecular rapid communications》2017,38(6)
A simplified one‐pot and less harmful method has been introduced for the synthesis of borinic acid monomer. The corresponding borinic acid polymer (PBA) has been prepared by reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. Property investigations confirm the characteristics of PBA as a new type of “smart material” in the field of thermo‐responsive polymer. The potential application of PBA in the field of enzymatic biofuel cell has been illustrated with a wide open circuit potential of 0.92 V.
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通过酸化碳纳米管(CNTs)和β-环糊精(β-CD)之间的范德华力作用, 实现CNTs的β-CD功能化. β-CD具有内腔疏水、外壁亲水的环状结构, 其内腔容易与二茂铁(Fc)形成稳定的主客体包合结构, 实现Fc在碳纳米管上的高效固载; 再将CNTs-β-CD-Fc复合物与葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)混合, 采用戊二醛实现酶分子间的交联, 形成GOD/CNTs-β-CD-Fc复合物, 然后将其涂覆到玻碳电极(GC)上, 得到一种新型的酶生物燃料电池阳极(GOD/CNTs-β-CD-Fc/GC). 采用同步热分析法、傅里叶变换红外光谱和透射电子显微镜对所制备的CNTs-β-CD-Fc复合物进行了表征, 采用循环伏安法研究了GOD/CNTs-β-CD-Fc/GC电极对葡萄糖氧化的催化性能. 结果表明: 在同等实验条件下, 没有固载Fc的GOD/CNTs- β-CD/GC电极基本无催化电流, 而GOD/CNTs-β-CD-Fc/GC电极表现出比GOD/CNTs-Fc/GC电极更为优越的电催化性能. 进一步以GOD/CNTs-β-CD-Fc/GC电极或GOD/CNTs-Fc/GC电极为酶阳极, 商用催化剂E-TEK Pt/C电极(E-TEK Pt/C/GC)为阴极, 构建葡萄糖/氧气生物燃料电池(EBFC), 结果表明前者的最大功率密度(33 μW·cm-2, 0.18 V)几乎是后者的三倍(11.7 μW·cm-2, 0.16 V). 通过记录开路电位随时间的变化研究了EBFC的稳定性, 以GOD/CNTs-β-CD-Fc/GC电极为阳极的EBFC在连续工作9 h后仍保留了92%的开路电位, 表明该电池具有良好的连续工作稳定性. 我们提出的这种新型生物燃料电池阳极的构造方法, 为构建高性能、高稳定性的葡萄糖/氧气EBFC提供了新的思路. 相似文献
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本文以乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)和胆红素氧化酶(BOD)为生物催化剂,以碳纳米管为电极材料,构筑了全酶型乙醇/氧气生物燃料电池. 将乙醇脱氢酶负载于单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT)上,采用亚甲基绿(MG)为NADH的电化学催化剂,实现乙醇的生物电化学催化氧化,制备了生物燃料电池ADH/MG/SWCNT/GC的电极(阳极). 同时,将胆红素氧化酶固定于单壁碳纳米管上,通过其直接电子转移,实现了氧气的生物电化学催化还原,制得生物燃料电池的BOD/SWCNT/GC阴极. 据此构筑了全酶型的无膜生物燃料电池,在空气饱和40 mmol·L-1乙醇磷酸缓冲溶液中该电池开路电压为0.53 V,最大输出功率密度为11 μW·cm-2. 以商品化伏特酒作为燃料,该生物燃料电池最大输出功率为3.7 μW·cm-2. 相似文献
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Yueming Tan Qingji Xie Jinhua Huang Weisheng Duan Ming Ma Shouzhuo Yao 《Electroanalysis》2008,20(14):1599-1606
An electrochemical noise (ECN) device was utilized for the first time to study and characterize a glucose/O2 membraneless biofuel cell (BFC) and a monopolar glucose BFC. In the glucose/O2 membraneless BFC, ferrocene (Fc) and glucose oxidase (GOD) were immobilized on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/Au electrode with a gelatin film at the anode; and laccase (Lac) and an electron mediator, 2,2′‐azinobis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonate) diammonium salt (ABTS), were immobilized on a MWCNTs/Au electrode with polypyrrole at the cathode. This BFC was performed in a stirred acetate buffer solution (pH 5.0) containing 40 mmol/L glucose in air, with a maximum power density of 8 μW/cm2, an open‐circuit cell voltage of 0.29 V, and a short‐circuit current density of 85 μA/cm2, respectively. The cell current at the load of 100 kΩ retained 78.9% of the initial value after continuous discharging for 15 h in a stirred acetate buffer solution (pH 5.0) containing 40 mmol/L glucose in air. The performance decrease of the BFC resulted mainly from the leakage of the ABTS mediator immobilized at the cathode, as revealed by the two‐channel quartz crystal microbalance technique. In addition, a monopolar glucose BFC was performed with the same anode as that in the glucose/O2 membraneless BFC in a stirred phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0) containing 40 mmol/L glucose, and a carbon cathode in Nafion‐membrane‐isolated acidic KMnO4, with a maximum power density of 115 μW/cm2, an open‐circuit cell voltage of 1.24 V, and a short‐circuit current density of 202 μA/cm2, respectively, which are superior to those of the glucose/O2 membraneless BFC. A modification of the anode with MWCNTs for the monopolar glucose BFC increased the maximum power density by a factor of 1.8. The ECN device is highly recommended as a convenient, real‐time and sensitive technique for BFC studies. 相似文献