LnP_5O_(14)铁弹相变的喇曼光谱研究

在200—300℃范围测量了单斜I镧系五磷酸盐LnP_5O_(14)(Ln=La,Ce,Pr、Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb)晶体的软光学模喇曼谱。不同LnP_5O_(14)的A_g-B_(2g)和A_g-A_g软模在铁弹相变点都软化到20cm~(-1),另一个B_g-B_(3g)软模则软化到38cm~(-1)。 软模频率对温度的依赖关系表明,这些晶体是很好的平均场理论系统。A_g-B_(2g)软模与e_5的耦合对铁弹相变起主要作用,此软模的强度变化可由双向线性模耦合模型来解释。这个系统T_c从La到Tb的增高是镧系收缩的结果。     

DyP5O14晶体的新相

本文首次观察到具有单斜I(P2₁/c)的DyP₅O₁₄晶体,并用光学显微镜,X射线结构分析和红外光谱等方法予以证明。DyP₅O₁₄在室温下存在着mmmF₂/m类铁弹体的单斜I结构,其铁弹相变温度为159±3℃。单斜I的DyP₅O₁₄的晶胞参数,a=8.62?,b=8.84?,c=12.82?,β=90.28°。这一发现是L _关键词：     

Ni2+:BeAl2O4晶体发光性质的研究

用时间分辨的激光诱导荧光光谱方法测量了10—300K温度范围内Ni²⁺:BeAl₂O₄晶体的红外荧光光谱和荧光寿命。通过荧光寿命的温度变化特性分析,得出³T_2g态的内禀辐射衰减寿命为123±7.2μs。无辐射弛豫的Mott激活能为1147cm^-1,并导出了此晶体发光量子效率随温度的变化关系式。Ni²⁺:BeAl₂O_{4关键词：}     

CaO-Al2O3二元系晶体和玻璃的拉曼光谱研究

实验测定了CaO-Al₂O₃二元系中晶体和玻璃的拉曼光谱,并利用密度泛函理论(DFT)计算了CaAl₄O₇晶体的拉曼光谱活性振动波数和散射活性。结果表明CaAl₄O₇的中波数区(400～700 cm^-1)对应Al-O_b-Al的弯曲振动,高波数区(700～1 000 cm^-1)则对应Al-O_nb的伸缩振动。采用激光悬浮加热装置制备了一系列玻璃样品,对其进行拉曼光谱研究发现,550和780 cm^-1附近观察到两个明显的特征峰,分别对应Al-O_b-Al的弯曲振动和Al-O_nb的伸缩振动。随着CaO/Al₂O₃比例的增加,550 cm^-1特征峰发生蓝移,而780 cm^-1特征峰发生红移,表明复杂网络结构逐渐解聚。此外,随Al<...     

Bi2ZnOB2O6单晶偏振拉曼光谱

本文通过分析不同几何配置下的偏振拉曼光谱对非线性光学晶体的晶格振动模式进行了研究. 首先根据因子群分析,将晶体的振动模按晶体对称群的不可约表示进行分类,其次测量了晶体在10–1600 cm^-1范围内,不同几何配置下的偏振拉曼光谱,并在此基础上指认了晶体的晶格振动模式. 300 cm^-1以下的振动峰,归结为晶体的外振动,来自[BiO₆],[ZnO₄],[BO₄]和[BO₃]原子基团的平动和转动;300cm^-1以上为晶体的内振动,主要与Bi-O,和Zn-O键振动有关. 晶体拉曼光谱中最高振动频率达到1407 cm^-1,被指认为[BO₃]三角形中B-O键的伸缩振动,体现了[BO₃]基团中高的电子非局域化程度. 关键词： 2ZnOB₂O₆单晶')" href="#">Bi₂ZnOB₂O₆单晶 偏振拉曼光谱 振动模式     

Li2B4O7晶体的晶格振动光谱

在室温下测量了Li₂B₄O₇单晶的各种振动类的偏振Raman散射谱和该晶体粉末样品的红外吸收谱(200—4000cm^-1)。根据LO-TO劈裂的实验结果,计算出该晶体极化模的有效电荷和振子强度。通过与BBO和LBO晶体的结构和B—O伸缩振动模频率比较,得出:Li₂B₄O₇晶体可能有较大的非线性光学系数。 关键词：     

非晶锂离子导体B2O3-Li2O-LiCl一Al2O3中VO2+的电子自旋共振

两种非晶锂离子导体B₂O₃-0.7Li₂O-0.7LiCl-xAl₂O₃-0.1V₂O₅(x=0.05和0.15)的电子自旋共振谱研究表明:(i)ESR线型是高斯型,证实V₂O₅添加量适当;(ii)超精细结构来源于VO²⁺络离子,具有四角对称性,属C_4v群。越精细耦合张量的平行分量平均值A_//=0.0175cm^-1,垂直分量A_⊥=0.0063cm^-1。由g_//(g_⊥)求出其基态²B_2g与第一激发态²E_g的能级间距△₁=2.46×10⁴ cm^-1,基态与第二激发态²B_1g的能级间距△₂=3.03×10⁴ cm^-1;(iii)变温实验证实:Al₂O₃组分较少(x=0.05)的非晶ESR强度比x=0.15的非晶高3倍至2倍,而Al₂O₃组分越多则ESR强度随温升下降越小。     

PrP5O14的晶体结构与铁弹畴

本文用X射线衍射方法研究了PrP₅O₁₄的晶体结构和铁弹相变。晶体空间群为P2₁/c,晶胞参数a=8.777(1)?,b=9.029(2)?,c=13.068(2)?,β=90.35°(1),z=4,最终R值为0.046。在130±5℃转变成正交晶系,空间群为P_ncm,a=8.813(7)?,b=9.075(2)?,c=13.119(10)?。高温相变使晶体产生了铁弹性孪晶,室温下晶体属mmmF2/m类铁弹体。 关键词：     

稀土五磷酸盐晶体显微硬度的测定

本文测定了14种LnP₅O₁₄(Ln=La→Lu)晶体的硬度,同时还研究了硬度的非等向性,以及温度对硬度的影响。最后指出晶体硬度不仅与晶体的结构、晶格能有关,而且也与温度的影响有关。 关键词：     

Li4SiO4-Li3VO4赝二元系和Li4GeO4-Li4SiO4-Li3VO4赝三元系中新的锂离子导体

本文在室温到300℃的温度范围内研究了Li₄SiO₄-Li₃VO₄和Li₄GeO₄-Li₄SiO₄-Li₃VO₄体系中的离子导电性,发现γ_II相固溶体Li_3+xV_1-xSi_xO₄是好的锂离子导体。所研究的成分中Li_3.3V_0.7Si_0.3O₄的离子电导率最高,室温下为1×10^-5Ω^-1·cm^-1,在42—192℃的电导激活能为0.36eV,电子电导率可以忽略,因而这是迄今所发现的最好的锂离子导体之一。粗略确定了Li₄GeO₄-Li₄SiO₄-Li₃VO₄三元系中电导率高的范围,发现在Li_3.5V_0.5Ge_0.5O₄中Si部分取代Ge可以使电导率进一步提高,Li_3.5V_0.5Ge_0.4Si_0.1O₄的室温电导率可达1.3×10^-5Ω^-1·cm^-1,电导激活能为0.40eV。 关键词：     

Evaluation of critical exponents from raman intensities

Theory and experiment are compared for Raman intensities near continuous structural phase transitions. Situations in which the order parameter couples linearly to light or quadratically are considered. Both cases are easily analyzed for the soft modes in ferroelastic LnP₅O₁₄ (Ln = La, Pr, Nd, Tb). The trace polarizability tensor yields β = 0.49 ± 0.02; off-diagonal terms give γ’ = 1.16 ± 0.15 and γ = 1.07 ± 0.10. Mean field results are also obtained for barium sodium niobate near T (incommensurate) = 582 K and for tris-sarcosine calcium chloride near T _c = 128 K.     

Raman scattering study of the soft mode in Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3

Systematic Raman scattering experiments were performed on Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃ (PMN) single crystals to resolve the low‐wavenumber dynamics in the crystal. Careful checking of the angular dependence of the Raman spectra indicated that the intense peak around 45 cm⁻¹, which always smears the low‐wavenumber spectra, stems from the F_2g mode due to Mg:Nb = 1:1 chemically ordered Fm3 m region. A proper scattering configuration for eliminating the strong F_2g mode allowed the observation of the lowest wavenumber soft mode dynamics in PMN. The results revealed the softening of the mode towards T_c with underdamped oscillation. The soft mode becomes overdamped in a wide temperature range above T_c, suggesting the development of cluster dynamics due to polar nanoregions. It recovers the underdamped oscillation and hardens in the high‐temperature region. Finally, the physical picture of the relaxor phenomenon in PMN is discussed in terms of lattice dynamics by comparison with the typical displacive‐type ferroelectric phase transition. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Central peak in the strontium titanate crystal near the tetragonal-to-cubic phase transition

Raman spectra of the SrTiO3 crystal have been measured in wide temperature (22?C316 K) and frequency (2?C1020 cm^?1) ranges. It has been shown that a central peak appears in low-frequency Raman spectra at temperatures above 70 K. In the spectral geometry with polarization rotation near the temperature T _c = 106 K of the cubic-to-tetragonal phase transition, the central peak exhibits properties of the order-disorder phase transition. Such a behavior of the central peak has been explained by the interaction of the low-frequency soft mode E _g with the relaxation mode near T _c .     

High-temperature soft phonon behaviour in PLZT 8/65/35 relaxor ferroelectrics

Polar phonons in infrared spectra of (Pb_0.88La_{0.08 0.04})(Zr_0.65Ti_0.35)O₃ ceramics and thin films exhibit similar behaviour. Each phonon allowed in perfect cubic lattice is split not only below the Burns temperature T _B = 620 K, where it can be explained with breaking of cubic symmetry in polar nanoclusters, but also above T _B. We explain it with two chemical species at both A and B perovskite sites. The E component of the soft mode remains heavily damped at all temperatures and its frequency near 35 cm^?1 is almost temperature-independent. The A₁ component of the soft mode remarkably hardens below T* ≈ 500 K from 50 to 85 cm^?1 and moreover a new mode activates in IR spectra below 300 K at frequencies between A₁ and E soft modes. Based on comparison with other relaxors, we conclude that such behaviour is general for all relaxor ferroelectrics with perovskite structure.     

First-principles band-structure calculations as a tool for the quantitative interpretation of Raman spectra of high temperature superconductors

We have performed first-principles band structure calculations in order to investigate vibronic and optical properties of YBa₂Cu₃O₇. A formalism describing temperature dependent Raman spectra from such ab-initio results has been applied to the 500 cm^?1 apex oxygen mode and its overtone in good agreement with experimental results. The dynamical matrix of the five A_1g modes established by atomic-force calculations is studied in detail showing rather good agreement with experimental eigen-frequencies and normal coordinates. The effect of isotope substitutions on the phonon frequencies is investigated. We demonstrate that the calculated vibronic properties of high T_c materials are improved by applying a generalized gradient correction scheme for the treatment of exchange and correlation effects instead of the local-density approximation.     

Temperature dependence of the diffuse streak system in K2SnCl6

We have investigated the system of diffuse streaks in K₂SnCl₆ single crystals in the temperature interval from 4 to 640 K by the photographic registration of the scattered neutron intensity. The streak intensity decreases from T_{c¹ = 261 K} with increasing as well as with In the region of the phase transition at T_{c¹ = 261 K} and T_{c² = 255 K} the intensity decreases with falling temperature to one third. The high temperature behaviour is explained by a soft A_2g librational mode. Below T_{c² = 255 K} the intensity is proportional to ΔT. The streaks are detectable down to 230 K.     

Electronic Absorption Spectrum of Fe3+ Doped in Ammonium Perchlorate Single Crystal

Abstract

Single crystals of Iron - doped ammonium perchlorate were grown at room temperature. The electronic absorption bands observed at room and liquid air temperatures have been assigned transitions from the ground ⁶A_1g state to the excited ⁴A_1g, ⁴E_g, ⁴T_1g and ⁴T_2g states. The crystal field parameters Dq = 870 cm^?1, B = 615 cm^?1 and C = 4.2 B are found to give a good fit to the observed band positions.     

La掺杂SrBi4Ti4O15铁电材料性能研究

按x=0.00，0.10，0.25，0.50，0.75和1.00，采用固相烧结工艺，制备了不同La掺杂量的SrBi_4-xLa_xTi₄O₁₅的陶瓷样品. 用x射线衍射对其微结构进行了分析，并测量了铁电、介电性能.结果发现，La掺杂未改变SrBi₄Ti ₄O₁₅的晶体结构.随掺杂量的增加，样品的矫顽场(E_c)下降，剩余极化(2P_{关键词： 4-x}La_xTi₄O₁₅')" href="#">SrBi_4-xLa_xTi₄O₁₅ La掺杂 铁电性能 相变温度 弛豫铁电     

Raman-spectroscopy study of PbTiO3 thin films grown on Si substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

Raman spectra have been investigated in PbTiO₃ thin films grown on Si by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. A large grazing-angle scattering technique was taken to measure the temperature dependence of Raman spectra below room temperature. All Raman modes in the thin films are assigned and compared with those in the bulk single crystal, a newA ₁(TO) soft mode at 104 cm^–1 was recorded which satisfies the Curie-Weiss relation ² =A(T _c –T). Intensities of theA ₁(1TO) andE(1TO) modes were anomalously strengthened with increasing temperature. Raman modes for the thin films exhibit remarkable frequency downshift and upshift which is related to the effect of internal stress.