H2O／KDEHP（75%）—HDEHP（25%）／n—HEPTANE微乳体系表面活性剂？…

利用傅里叶变换拉曼光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱对Ｈ２Ｏ／ＫＤＥＧＰ（７５％）－ＨＤＥＨＰ（２５％）／ｎ＝ＨＥＰ－ＴＡＮＥ微乳体系的表面活性剂疏水链和极性头基与水分子的相互作用进行了研究。结果表明：当加水量由Ｗ０＝１增加至４３时,表面活性有性头基［ＰＯ２］＾－的反对称伸缩振动由１２３３ｃｍ＾－１移至１２０７ｃｍ＾－１,其对称伸缩振动由１０９４ｃｍ＾－１移至１０８９ｃｍ＾－１。表面活性剂疏水链的堆结构也发     

H2O/KDEHP(75%)-HDEHP(25%)/n-HEPTANE微乳体系表面活性剂与水相互作用的谱学研究

利用傅里叶变换拉曼光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱对H2O/KDEHP(75%)-HDEHP(25%)/n-HEPTANE微乳体系的表面活性剂疏水链和极性头基与水分子的相互作用进行了研究.结果表明:当加水量由W0＝1增加至43时,表面活性剂极性头基[PO2]-的反对称伸缩振动由1 233 cm-1移至1 207 cm-1,其对称伸缩振动由1 094 cm-1移至1 089 cm-1.表面活性剂疏水链的堆积结构也发生了变化,表现在拉曼光谱上为碳氢振动吸收峰的峰高比Ir(I2 962/I2 875),Ir(I2 937/I2 875),Ir(I2 916/I2 875)和Ir(I2 903/I2 875)随加水量增大而增大.结合二阶导数谱和傅里叶变换退卷积谱,本文还对KDEHP和HDEHP的存在状态进行了探讨,认为体系中表面活性剂分子有多种存在状态.     

时间分辨傅里叶变换红外光谱法研究聚偏氟乙烯的晶变

本文用时间分辨傅里叶变换红外光谱（ＴＲ－ＦＴＩＲＳ）法研究了聚偏氟乙烯（ＰＶＤＦ）的晶型转变，并认５０８ｃｍ＾－１峰的增强和５２８ｃｍ＾－１峰的减弱表示ａ晶型向β晶型的转变，瞬变的初期时间约５ｍｓ，在晶型转变中伴随有“磁滞回线”的非线性效应。     

傅里叶红外光谱研究血清白蛋白构象

用傅里叶红外光谱法研究了ＢＳＡ及其水溶液的红外光谱。通过对其酰胺Ｉ带傅里叶自转积谱分析,为其及部分水溶液中的二级结构构象进行了指认。结果表明,ＢＳＡ水溶液状态与固态时的二级结构是不同的。随着溶液浓度的降低,酰胺Ｉ带二级结构峰存在明显的位移现象,即１６０９．８６ｃｍ＾－１位移到１６０８．２４ｃｍ＾－１,１６３３．８５位移到１６３８．３６ｃｍ＾－１,１６５３．６９ｃｍ＾－１位移到１６５６．１０ｃｍ＾－     

人乳腺癌组织的特征红外光谱研究

应用傅里叶变换红外光谱对２０例人乳腺病理样品进行了分析。实验发现,乳腺癌组织与乳腺良性病变组织之间有较大的红外光谱差异。与乳腺良性病变组织比较,乳腺癌组织的红外光谱中磷酸二酯基团反对称伸缩振动向短波方向位移了２ｃｍ＾－１,其对称伸缩振动向短波方向位移了３ｃｍ＾－１,Ｃ－Ｏ伸缩振动吸收Ａ１１７３／Ａ１１６３比值增加,Ａ１０２５／Ａ１０８２比值下降;ＣＨ３的反对称及对称伸缩振动减弱,ＣＨ２的对称及反对     

D2EHPA萃取稀土的有机相红外光谱及添加DMHPA的影响

本文研究了部分皂化的二（２－乙基己基）磷酸（Ｄ２ＥＨＰＡ）－正庚烷体系萃取稀土离子Ｙ＾３＋，Ｐｒ＾３＋，Ｎｄ＾３＋，Ｅｕ＾３＋后有机的傅里叶变换红外光谱（ＦＴ－ＩＲ）。发现不同稀土离子与萃取剂的配位能力有差异，并且皂化度对萃取有机相中的Ｐ＝Ｏ谱带的频率和吸收强度皆有影响，在Ｄ２ＥＨＰＡ中加入二（１－甲基庚基）磷酸（ＤＭＨＰＡ）导致Ｐ＝Ｏ谱带形状和吸收强度发生变化。     

丙酮酸稀土配合物的红外光谱研究

研究了Ｙ,Ｌａ,Ｃｅ,Ｐｒ,Ｎｄ,Ｓｍ,Ｅｕ,Ｇｄ,Ｄｙ和Ｈｏ等１０种丙酮酸稀土配合物的ＦＴ－ＩＲ光谱;对４００～２０００ｃｍ＾－１的主要红外吸收谱峰进行了归属;２００～４－ｃｍ＾－１有３个随稀土原子序数递增峰位向高波数位移的谱带,可指认为ＲＥ－Ｏ伸缩振动吸收。红外光谱表明,丙酮酸以酸根形式采用螯合桥式三齿方式与稀土配位,某些谱峰有裂分或拓宽现象。配位键以离子键成分为主。     

香兰素对甲苯胺希夫碱稀土配合物的红外光声光谱

研究了香兰素对甲苯胺希夫碱及其金属配合物在３８００－２００ ｃｍ＾－１范围的傅里叶变换红外光谱光谱，对主要谱带进行了经验归属。     

磷酸根与磷酸基水化作用之比较—红外光谱研究

本文运用傅立叶变换红外光谱，对水／ＮａＤＥＨＰ／正庚烷反胶束体系中的磷酸根及磷酸三丁酯－水体系中磷酸基的水化作用进行了研究。     

YBa2Cu3O7—δ中Cu—O伸缩振动的红外吸收峰

测量了ｃ轴高度定向的ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－δ高Ｔｃ超导薄膜经３００～７５０℃退火后的红外反射光谱和不同掺Ｚｎ量的ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３－ｘＺｎｘＯ７－δ块状材料的红外吸收光谱。根据这些光谱中Ｃｕ－Ｏ吸收峰的变化，证实了在ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－δ体系的红外光谱中，６３０ｃｍ＾－１、５９０ｃｍ＾－１、和５５０ｃｍ＾－１三个吸收峰分别对应的Ｃｕ－Ｏ伸缩振动膜，以及与氧缺位的关系。并讨论了二维电子气屏蔽对吸收峰的影响     

H2O／KDEHP(75%)-HDEHP(25%)／n-HEPTANE微乳体系 表面活性剂与水相互作用的谱学研究

利用傅里叶变换拉曼光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱对H     

Synthesis and characterization of dispersions of ZnCrO4 prepared in AOT stabilized water/heptane microemulsion

Dispersions of zinc chromate (ZnCrO₄) were prepared in H₂O/AOT (sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate))/n-heptane water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion medium with various water pool sizes and precursor concentration both without and with sonication. The formation of ZnCrO₄ in the microemulsion was verified by XRD and FTIR measurements. The absorbance of the dispersions formed in different water pool sizes was studied. Their dimension in the microemulsion medium was determined by the dynamic light scattering method. Enthalpy of formation of ZnCrO₄ in W/O microemulsion medium was measured by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The dimension and morphology of the formed ZnCrO₄ colloidal particles examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were strongly dependent on the water pool size, precursor concentration and sonication.     

Monitoring the Phase Transition of C12E5/Water/Alkane Microemulsions Through Excimer Formation

The phase transition of microemulsions involving the nonionic surfactant C₁₂E₅ [C₁₂H₂₅(OCH₂-CH₂)₅OH], water, and alkanes (heptane, decane and tetradecane) has been investigated through the excimer formation of pyrene. On going to the microemulsion bicontinuous phase, by changing either composition or temperature, pronounced changes in the pyrene excimer-to-monomer fluorescence intensity ratio, I _E/I _M, are observed. Several differences in the steady-state emission spectra and in fluorescence decay curves show that as a probe pyrene is well suited to follow the transition from the water continuous to the oil continuous phase, through an intermediate bicontinuous (continuous in both water and oil) region. The results provide information about the different characteristics and structure of these three regions (water continuous, bicontinuous, and oil continuous) of the phase diagram for C₁₂E₅/water/alkane systems.     

空气/水界面水分子的取向和运动

对四种不同的实验构型下空气／水界面自由O-H键在3700cm~(-1)的和频振动光谱的分析表明,水分子在空气／水界面的取向运动只可能是在平衡位置附近有限角度之内的受限转动。界面水分子的自由O-H键取向距界面法线约33°,而取向分布或运动的宽度不超过15°。这一图像显著地不同于Wei等人(Phys. Rev. Lett.86,4799(2001))只通过单一的SFG实验构型所得出结论,即：空气／水界面的水分子在超快的振动弛豫时间内在很大的角度范围内运动。     

Characterization of nanoparticles of lidocaine in w/o micro emulsions using small-angle neutron scattering and dynamic light scattering

Microemulsions (MEs) are of special interest because a variety of reactants can be introduced into the nanometer-sized aqueous domains, leading to materials with controlled size and shape [1,2]. In the past few years, significant research has been conducted in the reverse ME-mediated synthesis of organic nanoparticles [3,4]. In this study, a w/o ME medium was employed for the synthesis of lidocaine by direct precipitation in w/o microemulsion systems: water/isopropylpalmitat/Tween80/Span80. The particle size as well as the location of nanoparticles in the ME droplet were characterized by means of dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS). It is observed that lidocaine precipitated in the aqueous cores because of its insolubility in water. Hydrodynamic radius and gyration radius of microemulsion droplets were estimated as ∼15 nm and ∼4.50 nm from DLS and SANS respectively. Furthermore, different size parameters obtained by DLS and SANS experiments were compared     

Small-angle light scattering in dense microemulsions,transition from droplet to bicontinuous phase

Summary We have performed extensive small-angle light scattering (SALS) measurements on a three-component microemulsion (AOT/decane/water) as a function of the dispersed phase concentration and the temperature. All samples have a water/AOT molar fractionw=40.8. Such a system presents a very complex phase diagram with many structural configurations. With the SALS technique, we have been able to observe all the phase separation lines. In particular we give details on the system structure on the percolation phenomenon and on the bicontinuous phase recently observed. In particular we show that the percolation is driven by a long-scale aggregation between microemulsion droplets. Paper presented at the I International Conference on Scaling Concepts and Complex Fluids, Copanello, Italy, July 4–8, 1994.     

Brillouin scattering spectrum in photonic crystal fiber with a partially germanium-doped core

The Brillouin scattering spectrum in a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a partially Ge-doped core is measured with a pump-probe technique at a wavelength of 1320 nm. One main peak and four subpeaks are observed. The main peak has a Lorentzian shape with the bandwidth deltanuB = 66 MHz. Its intensity is six times higher than that from a standard single-mode fiber measured under the same conditions, which is consistent with the ratio of (1/Aeff(PCF))/(1/Aeff(SMF)), where Aeff is the effective area of the fibers. The temperature coefficient for the main peak is 0.96 MHz/degrees C. We believe that the subpeaks are caused by an interaction between light-wave and guided modes of longitudinal acoustic waves in the graded-Ge-doped region, the silica region, and the microstructured cladding. An analysis of the guiding and antiguiding properties of the PCF for acoustic waves is presented.     

超微镍粒子/聚苯胺纳米复合材料制备及其表征

反相微乳液法 (inversemicroemulsionsystems ,W /O型 )是制备纳米复合材料有效而简单的液相化学制备方法[1,2 ] .本工作首次采用两步连续反相微乳液法原位聚合制备超微镍粒子 (Ni) /聚苯胺 (PANI)纳米复合材料 .首先 ,利用无机化合物之间的氧化还原反应 ,将十二烷基苯磺酸钠 (DBS)和NiCl2 溶液按一定比例加入锥形瓶中 ,再加入异戊醇和正庚烷混合溶剂 ,常温下电磁力搅拌 ,体系变得半透明 (淡黄色 )形成微乳溶液 (W /O型 )称为 (A) ;然后再配制DBS和NaBH4 与异戊醇和正庚烷混合溶剂 ,形成微乳溶液 (W /O型 )称为 (B) ;两步连续反相…     

Effects of solubilized dodecylamine on the microstructure of cetylpyridinium bromide-<Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-butanol-hexane-water system studied by pulsed-gradient spin echo NMR and ESR spin label methods

The effect of solubilized dodecylamine (DDA) on the structure of the cetylpyridinium bromide-n-butanol-hexane-water microemulsions has been studied by the Fourier-transform pulsed-gradient spin-echo¹H nuclear magnetic resonance and the electron spin resonance spin label method. The sample compositions were chosen to examine three different microemulsion structures: oil-in-water, water-in-oil and bicontinuous. In all systems the DDA molecules are shown to be incorporated into the oil-water interface, resulting in essential changes in the microemulsion structure. In the micellar systems the DDA emergence in the interface causes an increase of the micelle size and a redistribution of butanol and water between micelle and bulk phases. In the oil-in-water microemulsions of amine-containing systems the quantity of micellized butanol and water decreases. In the water-in-oil microemulsions the introduction of DDA leads to an increase of butanol and water involved in the micelle formation. The redistribution of butanol and water between polar and organic phases in the microemulsions would be expected to cause changes in the bicontinuous structure.