共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 57 毫秒
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无机物表面引发聚合反应制备端接枝聚合物膜* 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
无机物表面引发聚合反应是聚合物合成化学的又一新领域。分子自组装技术的发展使得各种类型的聚合反应都有转移到固体表面进行的可能。本文综述了无机物表面引发聚合反应用于制备高键合密度端接枝聚合物膜的研究进展,并对其今后的发展提出了见解。 相似文献
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利用粗粒化分子动力学方法提出了一个包含活化/去活化可逆过程的表面引发聚合反应模型,用以研究高引发密度表面引发聚合反应过程中不同聚合速率和不同转化几率(活化/去活化)对产物聚合物刷性质的影响.可通过调节聚合反应几率和活化/去活化过程发生的比率,在相对短的时间内制备高引发密度下低分散性的聚合物刷. 相似文献
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强双光子吸收引发的聚合反应 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
近年来 ,具有强双光子吸收性能的有机材料[1] 在双光子荧光显微术[2 ] 、光限幅[3] 和激光转换[4 ] 等领域中的应用引起了各国学者的广泛关注 ,强双光子吸收引发的聚合反应[5~ 8] 及其应用尤其令人瞩目 .与传统的紫外光引发的聚合反应相比 ,强双光子吸收引发的聚合反应有两个明显特征 :(1 )双光子吸收的强度与入射光强的平方成正比 ,因而在入射激光光束密聚焦的情况下 ,聚合反应只发生在入射光波长立方 (λ3)范围的微小体积内 ;(2 )聚合反应的辐照光源为可见 -近红外激光 ,长波长使得入射光的损耗较小 ,因此在介质中的穿透性好 .同时由于双… 相似文献
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新型树枝状硫醇的自组装单层膜──图案化表面及其浸润性的调控 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
近年来 ,自组装膜的研究不断引起人们重视[1] .一方面 ,其兴趣可能源于纳米级器件的组装 ,如生物传感器等 [2 ] ;另一方面 ,它可作为研究摩擦学 [3]、生物膜模拟 [4 ]和微观浸润性的模型体系 [5] .树枝状分子的结构可在分子水平上精确控制 ,是很有潜力的纳米构筑基元 [6 ] .不同于常规的自组装膜构筑基元 ,树枝状分子的特殊结构使其在金属表面形成某些特殊的组装结构成为可能 .结合界面分子自组装技术和树枝状分子化学 ,国内外已有机构开展了树枝状硫醇的自组装膜的研究[7~ 9] .我们曾发现一种聚醚树枝状硫醇分子在金表面形成的自组装单层… 相似文献
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利用图形分析方法给出了不断引发、链增长自由基聚合反应的分子量分布函数,结合反应转化率曲线,利用隐函数方法和数学随机模拟法,得到了分子量分布曲线,利用计算结果计算结果讨论了不同终止形式及反应速率对聚合物分子量分布的影响,考虑反应体的扩散控制。给出了苯乙烯本体聚合的分子量分布,得到与实验事实相一致的结论。 相似文献
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Basit Yameen Hadayat Ullah Khan Wolfgang Knoll Renate Frch Ulrich Jonas 《Macromolecular rapid communications》2011,32(21):1735-1740
The deposition of polyallylamine (PAA) adlayers by pulsed plasma polymerization on various types of polymeric substrates has been explored as a general route to amino functionalized polymeric surfaces. These amino groups are highly suitable for anchoring an atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiator via a robust amide linkage. Subsequent surface initiated ATRP (SI‐ATRP) of monomethoxy oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (MeOEGMA) resulted in polyMeOEGMA brush grafted polymer surfaces. This combined strategy of pulsed plasma polymerization with SI‐ATRP was demonstrated for five different polymeric substrates namely polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide (PI), polypropylene (PP), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Analysis of brush layers by attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR‐IR) spectroscopy as well as X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) fully corroborated the success of the proposed strategy for all substrate types.
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This review article describes the preparation of polymer brushes by nitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization using either the ‘grafting to’ or the ‘grafting from’ approach. The use of TEMPO as a classical initiator is intensively described. More sophisticated nitroxides are also included in the discussion. Brush formation on flat surfaces such as wafers and also on particles is reported. Finally, some applications of polymer brushes are presented.
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M. Elizabeth Welch Christopher K. Ober 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2013,51(20):1457-1472
While polymer brush systems continue to grow in popularity, so does their complexity and sophistication. Advances in polymerization and specific functionalization methods have led to novel applications in diverse research fields. The marriage of top‐down lithography with bottom‐up brush processing is becoming increasingly important in the development and progress of nanotechnology. The aim of this review is to examine different approaches taken to generate tailored polymer brush systems through surface‐initiated polymerizations as well as patterning techniques. Detaching polymer brushes to create free‐standing membranes is also highlighted and discussed in terms of methods and characterization. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2013 , 51, 1457–1472 相似文献
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《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(3-4):343-361
Abstract The synthesis, characterization, and development of new nanoparticle materials have both scientific and technological significance. Surface initiated polymerization (SIP) from nanoparticle surfaces involves the growth of end‐tethered polymer brushes where the length or thickness can be more than twice the radius of gyration (Rg) compared to a free polymer in solution. Different mechanisms are possible on a variety of initiators, reaction conditions, monomers, and nanoparticles. Important differences to solution and bulk polymerization can be observed where the nanoparticles with grafted initiators behave as macroinitiators. In turn, the development of these materials will allow the preparation of thermodynamically and kinetically stable nanocomposites and colloids. Through the careful use of surface sensitive spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, much has been gained from the direct and in‐situ analysis of grafted polymers on the nanoparticles with regards to the kinetics and mechanism of the polymerization process. Parallels can be drawn to SIP on flat surfaces where surface sensitive spectroscopic and microscopic measurements are complementary to analysis methods for colloidal particles. Thus, this review surveys the different polymerization mechanisms and procedures towards forming core‐shell types of hybrid inorganic–organic polymer nanoscale materials. 相似文献
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Katie E. Styan Christopher D. Easton Lucy G. Weaver Laurence Meagher 《Macromolecular rapid communications》2016,37(13):1079-1086
Self‐initiated photografting polymerization is used to couple the polymerizable initiator monomer 2‐(2‐chloropropanoyloxy)ethyl acrylate to a range of polymeric substrates. The technique requires only UV light to couple the initiator to surfaces. The initiator surface density can be varied by inclusion of a diluent monomer or via selection of initiator and irradiation parameters. The functionality of the initiator surface is demonstrated by subsequent surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. Surfaces are characterized by x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry, and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and UV‐induced changes to the initiator are assessed by 1H NMR and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). This is the first time this one‐reactant one‐step technique has been demonstrated for creating an initiator surface of variable density.
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Ursula Schmelmer Anne Paul Alexander Küller Rainer Jordan Armin Gölzhäuser Michael Grunze Abraham Ulman 《Macromolecular Symposia》2004,217(1):223-230
Self-assembled monolayers of 4′-nitro-4-mercaptobiphenyl were modified by electron beam irradiation and diazotization to create a surface-bond asymmetric azo initiator for the surface-initiated polymerization (SIP). The effect of different reaction conditions upon the thermally and photochemical initiated SIP was investigated. 相似文献