Fluorescence quenching of flavins by reductive agents

The fluorescence behaviour of the flavins riboflavin, flavin mononucleotide (FMN), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and lumiflavin in aqueous solution at pH 8 in the presence of the reducing agents β-mercaptoethanol (β-ME), dithiothreitol (DTT), and sodium nitrite (NaNO₂) is studied under aerobic conditions. The fluorescence quantum yields and fluorescence lifetimes are determined as a function of the reducing agent concentration. For all three reducing agents diffusion controlled dynamic fluorescence quenching is observed which is thought to be due to photo-induced reductive electron transfer. For DTT additionally static fluorescence quenching occurs.     

Fluorescence quenching of triazatruxene-based glycocluster induced by peanut agglutinin lectin

A novel triazatruxene-based fluorescent glycocluster was synthesized and its selective binding interactions with PNA lectin were investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy,CD spectroscopy,and a turbidity assay.The glycocluster exhibited a strong binding affinity for PNA lectin with a Stern-Volmer quenching constant of 5.8×10⁵ mol^-1L     

Fluorescence quenching of anthropogenic fulvic acids by Cu(II), Fe(III) and UO(2)(2+)

The quenching of the fluorescence of three anthropogenic fulvic acids (FA) provoked by Cu(II) (pH 6.0), Fe(III) (pH 4.0) and UO₂²⁺ (pH 3.5), was analyzed by a non-linear method and by Stern-Volmer plots. The FA samples were extracted from composted sewage sludges (csFA), composted municipal wastes (mwFA) and composted livestock wastes (lsFA). Synchronous-scan fluorescence (SyF) spectra were collected as a function of metal ion concentration. Spectral data were treated by a self-modeling mixture analysis method (SIMPLISMA) to detect the SyF spectral band with the strongest quenching and to calculate the corresponding quenching profile. The analysis of these profiles by a non-linear method allowed the estimation of conditional stability constants (K) and of the percentage of non-complexing fluorophores. The same quantitative information was obtained by the modified Stern-Volmer equation taking into account the existence of fluorophores that do not participate in the complexation. Good agreement was found between the results of the two procedures. The log K calculated by the non-linear method were (standard deviation in parenthesis): csFA, Cu(II), 4.22 (5); Fe(III), 5.0 (1); UO₂²⁺, 5.2 (2); mwFA, Cu(II), 4.21 (3); Fe(III), 5.6 (2); UO₂²⁺, 4.7 (3); lsFA, Cu(II), 4.51 (8); Fe(III), 5.5 (2); UO₂²⁺, 3.6 (2).     

Fluorescence resonance energy-transfer affects the determination of the affinity between ligand and proteins obtained by fluorescence quenching method

The interaction between esculin and serum albumins was investigated to illustrate that the fluorescence resonance energy-transfer (FRET) affects the determination of the binding constants obtained by fluorescence quenching method. The binding constants (K_a) obtained by the double-logarithm curve for esculin–BSA and esculin–HSA were 1.02 × 10⁷ and 2.07 × 10⁴ L/mol, respectively. These results from synchronous fluorescence showed that the Tyr and Trp residues of HSA were affected more deeply than those in BSA. The excitation profile of esculin showed that in the presence of BSA and HSA, the S₀ → S₁ transition of esculin () appears, which is similar to the of BSA and HSA. The critical distance (R₀) between BSA and esculin is higher than that of HSA, which showed that the affinity of esculin and HSA should be higher than that of BSA. After centrifugation, the concentrations of esculin bound to albumins were determined by means of the fluorescence of esculin. It was found that much more esculin was bound to HSA than to BSA. However, the bound models for BSA and HSA are almost the same. The concentration of esculin bound to serum albumin at first decreased with the addition of esculin and then increased. From above results, it can be concluded that the affinity of esculin and HSA should be higher than that of esculin and BSA. This example showed that in the presence of FRET, the binding constants between ligands and proteins based on fluorescence quenching might be deviated.     

Fluorescence quenching method for determination of trace tungsten in environmental samples with dibromohydroxyphenylfluorone

A highly sensitive and selective fluorescence quenching method has been developed for the determination of trace tungsten in environmental samples using dibromohydroxyphenylfluorone (DBHPF) as an emission reagent. In the presence of 0.04?mol/L of sulphuric acid and acetyltrimethylammonium bromide, tungsten(VI) reacts with DBHPF to form a 1?:?3 red complex within 5.0?min. In order for the DBHPF–tungsten(VI) complex to form, the fluorescence intensity of the reagent solution was quenched linearly by adding 0.1 to 1.0?µg of tungsten(VI) in 25?mL of solution. This was measured at 528?nm with excitation at 495?nm. In this work, a standard addition method was investigated and used for sample analysis. The decrease in fluorescence intensity of the reagent solution (ΔF) was linear for 0?～?0.9?µg of tungsten(VI) in 25?mL of solution, and the detection limit (3?s) of the standard addition method was found to be 0.012?ng/mL of tungsten(VI). The effects of various metal and nonmetal ions were studied in detail. The experiments clearly showed that most foreign ions can be tolerated in considerable amounts; in particular, 50-fold Mo(VI), V(V), Zr(VI) and Ti(IV) do not interfere, and the selectivity of the proposed method is better than other previously described methods. Moreover, the method proposed here is very stable and simple, the fluorescence intensity of the solution can remain almost unchanged for 2.0?h at room temperature, and the method has been used successfully to determine tungsten in environmental samples.     

Fluorescence quenching of para-substitutedstyrenes by tetramethylethylene. Correlationanalysis of the quenching coefficient KSV and thequenching rate constant k_q by the dual-parameter equation with polar and spin-delocalization substituent constants

The fluorescence quenching coefficient (Ksv) and the quenching rate constant kq of ten para-substituted styrenes (1-Ys) have been measured and correlation-analyzed by both the dual-parameter equation (Eq. 1) with (ρxσx+ρ'σ') and the single-parameter equation (Eq. 2) with ρxσx. Ex-cellent results have been obtained for the correlation of KSV against (ρxσmb+ρ'σ'JJ) or (ρxσ+ +ρ'σ'JJ). Our results suggest that, possibly, there might be no need to use excited-state substituent constant for the fluorecence quenching process of excited states of styrenes.     

Tb3+-钛铁试剂络合物荧光猝灭法测定含磷酸基辅酶

含磷酸基辅酶磷酸吡哆醛(PALP)、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD)、烟酰胺腺嘌呤磷酸二核苷酸(NADP)、黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸(FAD)可显著猝灭铽-钛铁试剂(Tb3 -TR)络合物的荧光,其荧光猝灭值△F=F0-F分别与PALP、NAD、NADP和FAD的浓度呈线性关系。分别对测定条件进行了优化,并研究了干扰物质情况,建立了Tb3 -TR络合物荧光探针灵敏测定PALP、NAD、NADP和FAD的方法。PALP、NAD、NADP和FAD的检出限分别为:1.1×10-7mol/L、6.4×10-8mol/L、1.6×10-8mol/L和1.15×10-8mol/L。     

Fluorescence quenching studies on the interaction of a novel deepened cavitand towards some transition metal ions

A novel ‘three-level’ deepened cavitand featuring a significantly sizable portal has been synthesized and its interaction with some transition metal ions has been investigated in THF/H₂O binary solvent using fluorescence quenching technique. The results suggest that among the used transition metal ions including Ag⁺, Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe³⁺, Cr³⁺, Hg²⁺, La³⁺, Mn²⁺, Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Co²⁺, only Fe³⁺ and Cu²⁺ show good quenching ability. In order to interpret the quenching mechanism, the Stern–Volmer kinetics, and the presence of both the dynamic and static quenching have been discussed. It was found that the simultaneous presence of the sphere-of-action static quenching and dynamic quenching model agrees very well with the experimental results. The limits of detection for Fe³⁺ and Cu²⁺ were found to be 2.1 × 10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹ (3σ) and 3.6 × 10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹ (3σ), respectively. Cations with potential interference, such as K⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Co²⁺, La³⁺ and Mn²⁺ do not have significant effects on the determinations of Fe³⁺ and Cu²⁺. This cavitand can be potentially applied as optical sensor for the detection of Fe³⁺ and Cu²⁺.     

红薯提取液荧光猝灭的Zn2+检测

人体大量摄入锌时易引起中毒,对锌污染的监测十分重要[1,2].锌离子的检测方法主要有电化学分析法[3-5]、光化学分析法[6,7]、原子吸收分光光度法[8]等.     

巯基化壳聚糖包覆CdS量子点荧光猝灭法测定环境水样中的Hg~(2+)

合成了新型巯基化壳聚糖,并采用一步法合成了巯基化壳聚糖包覆的水溶性CdS量子点(QDs)。结果表明制备的巯基化壳聚糖包覆CdS QDs粒径均匀,该量子点在水溶液中稳定性好并且Hg2+对其荧光具有明显的猝灭作用。在最佳测定条件下,标准曲线的线性范围为3.0×10-7~5.0×10-5 mol/L,检出限为5.3×10-8 mol/L,且方法抗干扰性好,日内及日间精密度在5.8%之内。该方法应用于实际水样检测,回收率在86.4%~104.6%之间。     

四溴荧光素荧光猝灭法测定司帕沙星

基于司帕沙星能够猝灭四溴荧光素的荧光且荧光猝灭程度与司帕沙星的量成正比,建立了一种测定微量司帕沙星的方法。在pH3．5的Clark—Lubs缓冲溶液中,四溴荧光素激发波长λex=485nm、发射波长λem=545nm,司帕沙星的质量浓度在0～2．0mg／L范围内符合比耳定律,方法检出限为42．7μg/L。已用于片剂及胶囊中司帕沙星的测定。6次平行测定回收率为93．8％～104．3％,相对标准偏差为1．1％～2．8％。     

A fluorescent chemosensor for Cu2+ ions and its application in cell imaging

A new on-off fluorescent probe 1 for Cu²⁺ based on Schiff base compound was designed and synthesized by one-step reaction. The single probe 1 exhibited strong green fluorescence emission. A fluorescence quenching effect and faint color change were observed as soon as the Cu²⁺ was added to the probe system in H₂O/EtOH (v/v = 8:2, HEPES buffer, 0.05 M, pH = 7.4) solution. Other common metal cations did not cause the changes in the fluorescence and color of the probe 1. The optical properties were studied by the fluorescence emission and UV–Vis spectra. Meanwhile, the geometry optimizations of probe 1 and the [1-Cu²⁺] coordination complexes were also carried out by DFT using the Gaussian 09 program, in which the B3LYP function was used. Based on experimental measurement and theoretical analysis, we can know that the combination ratio of the probe and Cu²⁺ is 2:1 and the limit of detection (LOD) is as low as 5.3 × 10^?9 M Besides, the probe 1 was also used to analyze the Cu²⁺ in living cells.     

Fluorescence quenching method for the determination of catechol with gold nanoparticles and tyrosinase hybrid system

<正>The determination method of catechol by fluorescence quenching was developed.The assay was based on the combination of the unique property of gold nanoparticles with tyrosinase enzymatic reaction.In the presence of tyrosinase,the fluorescence of gold nanoparticles was quenched by catechol which can be employed to detect catechol.Under the optimal conditions,a linear range 5.0×10~(-7)-1.0×10~(-3) mol L~(-1) and a detection limit 1.0×10~(-7) mol L~(-1) of catechol were obtained.o-Quinone intermediate produced from the enzymatic catalyzed oxidation of catechol was considered to play the main role in the fluorescence quenching.     

基于铜离子修饰金纳米簇“关-开”型荧光探针检测多巴胺

以11-巯基十一烷酸(11-MUA)为还原剂和保护剂,通过一步水热法合成了具有强烈荧光的水溶性金纳米簇(AuNCs),基于Cu~(2+)修饰的AuNCs@11-MUA构建了"关-开"型荧光探针用于多巴胺(DA)的选择性、高灵敏检测.向AuNCs@11-MUA溶液中加入Cu~(2+)离子后,AuNCs@11-MUA的荧光发生猝灭,体系的荧光信号处于"关闭"状态.在DA存在下,由于DA与Cu~(2+)具有更强的结合力,形成比Cu~(2+)/AuNCs@11-MUA复合体更稳定的络合物,可将Cu~(2+)从AuNCs@11-MUA表面移除下来,从而使其荧光得以恢复,体系的荧光信号呈"打开"状态.AuNCs@11-MUA探针的荧光恢复程度与DA的浓度在2.0×10~(-7)~5.0×10~(-5)mol/L范围呈良好的线性关系,检出限为8.0×10~(-8)mol/L(S/N=3).将该探针应用于人血清和尿液中DA的检测,回收率为93.2%~97.3%,相对标准偏差RSD4.08%,表明该方法可应用于人体内多巴胺的检测.     

剪刀型双卟啉锌配合物在Cu+离子和DABCO双客体调控下的荧光开关效应

设计了一个含有双包合功能的剪刀型双卟啉锌化合物1(1,8-二{4-[N-(N,N-锌-5,10,15,20-四苯基卟啉-4'-取代)-氨基羰基]苄氧基}蒽醌). 通过荧光、紫外-可见光谱和核磁共振谱滴定实验证实, 化合物1能分别与金属离子和含氮双齿客体作用, Cu+离子和游离DABCO(1,4-偶氮双环[2,2,2]辛烷)都能导致化合物1中卟啉发光团的荧光猝灭, 它们的荧光猝灭机制分别源于光诱导电子转移过程(PET)和配体交换引起的电荷转移过程. Cu+离子和游离DABCO两种客体在氯仿溶液中可以相互作为彼此的捕获剂, 通过循环地加入这两种客体, 可以构筑一个双客体调控的OFF/ON荧光开关.     

CdTe/CdS荧光探针测定痕量铜(Ⅱ)

以巯基乙酸为稳定剂,在水溶液中合成CdTe/CdS量子点,基于量子点与Cu2+混合后发生荧光猝灭作用,建立CdTe/CdS量子点作为荧光探针检测微量铜的新方法。在pH 4.60的HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液中,反应时间为10 min时,Cu2+质量浓度在0.01～1.00μg/mL范围与CdTe/CdS量子点的荧光猝灭程度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9978,检出限为9.90×10-3μg/mL。方法可以用于雨水、自来水和延河水中Cu2+的分析。     

两种C_（60）－甘氨酸酯衍生物的室温荧光光谱

两种Ｃ_（６０）－甘氨酸酯衍生物的室温荧光光谱周德建，甘良兵，谭海松，骆初平，姚光庆，黄春辉（北京大学稀土材料化学及应用国家重点实验室，北京，１００８７１）关键词Ｃ_（６０）－甘氨酸酯衍生物，浓度猝灭，荧光寿命Ｃ６０在低温或室温及在紫外或可见光的激发下...     

荧光法猝灭测定木槿叶中混合氨基酸的总量

在乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲介质中,氨基酸能猝灭壳聚糖-茚三酮体系荧光,基于此,对木槿叶中混合氨基酸进行测定,并对该方法的测定条件进行了讨论.线性范围为0.5～3.0 mmol/L,检出限为0.1 mmol/L.木槿叶干粉中游离氨基酸的质量分数为10.18%,相对标准偏差为1.3%,回收率为102.5%～94.3%.     

二氢蒽醌用于荧光猝灭法测定痕量汞

荧光动力学分析法常以罗丹明类、荧光素类、桑色素等作为指示物,用蒽醌作为指示物较少见。本文报道了以2,3二-氢-9,10二-羟基-1,4蒽-醌(R)为指示物,荧光动力学分析法测定痕量汞的新方法。直接用硼酸代替三氯化铝加硫酸封环一步法制得1,4二-羟基-9,10蒽-醌,再经冰醋酸和锌粉还原     

栀子甙对碲化镉量子点的荧光淬灭作用

以3-巯基丙酸作为稳定剂,在水溶液中合成了CdTe量子点;采用荧光光谱法初步研究了栀子甙对巯基丙酸稳定的CdTe量子点的荧光淬灭作用,考察了量子点浓度、pH、反应时间等多种因素对量子点-栀子甙体系荧光强度的影响,确定了测定栀子甙的最佳实验条件;并初步探讨了栀子甙与该量子点相互作用的可能反应机理.结果表明,在最佳实验条件下,巯基丙酸稳定的CdTe量子点对栀子甙检测的线性范围为2×10-7~4×10-6 mol/L,检出限为1.4×10-7 mol/L,相对标准偏差为0.355%;且常见的金属阳离子、糖类和氨基酸对栀子甙的测定无显著影响.总体而言,该方法可用于人体体液中栀子甙的检测,且两者的作用过程可初步推断为动态淬灭过程.