测量误差的计算机辅助分析

通过测量实例，结合ＶＢ语言在数值分析及数据处理上的强大功能和直观的窗口界面，编程分析了物理实验过程中的系统误差（变差），可疑数据和偶然误差，为实验方案和实验结果的可靠性提供方便，快捷的辅助方案。     

高考物理实验试题分析及对教学的启示

物理学是一门以实验为基础的科学．物理规律的发现和物理理论的建立都必须以严格的物理实验为基础，并受到实验的检验．因此，实验题是高考试卷中的重要组成部分，是对学生观察能力、分析综合能力、设计能力等综合素质进行考查的一个必要命题环节．而在每年的高考试卷中，考生在实验题部分得分率不高，这反映出在平时的教学中，实验还是比较薄弱的环节．随着新一轮基础教育课程改革的全面推进，探究性学习的兴起，最近几年高考物理实验题所占的比重增加，对能力的要求越来越高，试题更加灵活，对考生们的挑战性也越发增强．笔者就近几年的高考物理实验题做了简要的分析，意在对教学有所启迪．     

再论测灵敏电流计内阻的误差及改进措施

灵敏电流计是电磁学的必修实验，其内容是标定灵敏电流计的参数，实验时主要是测量灵敏电流计的内阻凡．然而实验中常出现误差大，重复性差，在极端情况下甚至出现负凡的情形，严重影响教学效果．为此不少文章对测量灵敏电流计内阻的方法和误差进行了讨论，有的资料仅是通过实验结果或根据经验进行误差讨论，进而提出某些改进．有的资料也对实验误差从理论上进行了分析讨论，但现在看来还不是很全面．笔者认为：在测量误差与实验方法的讨论中，理论与实践的结合上还有很大的欠缺．为此，我们由测量R。的一般公式为出发点，从理论上对测量误…     

偏振光的特性研究及其检测综合实验简介

利用微机辅助开设了偏振光特性研究和检测实验，该实验使光学实验与电子线路、微机原理及接口技术相结合，可作为对高年级学生开设的综合性实验。     

基于Labview的相关分析虚拟实验的设计

随着虚拟仪器的不断发展，虚拟仿真实验作为传统实体实验的有效补充已成为实验教学改革的发展趋势．相关分析实验是高等学校理科实验的重要组成部分，相关分析已成为分析两个信号或一个信号在一定时移前后之间关系的重要工具．本文阐述了相关分析的原理，给出了基于Labview的相关分析虚拟实验的设计与实现过程．     

在XRF多变元体系因素分析中应用交互有效法选择体系的…

本文报告了在Ｘ－射线荧光分析多元体系因素分析中，应用交互有效法选择体系主组份的研究。本方法地基本参数法的基础上，运用交互有效法，通过最小预报残差平方和（ＰＲＥＳＳ）的计算，对体系进行了主组份分析，确定了该体系中的最佳维数和主要影响因素。选择体系中的主组份进行回归分析，剔去了噪声，模型稳定性增强，ＸＲＦＡ的预报能力和分析结果准确度有了显著的提高。文中给出了分析地质样品中十三个主，次量元素的实验结果和     

消除透明管壁厚测量误差的理论研究

本文在理论分析的基础上，通过大量的实验，找到了玻管外径和壁厚之间的关系，并用回归分析法对实验结果进行处理，从而对壁厚的测量误差进行补偿，使测量系统的精度满足使用要求。     

“金属物理性能分析”实验中的误差来源及消除途径

任何科学的、正确的结论都必须以足够准确、可靠的数据作基础．因此分析实验误差，了解消除误差的途径，力求提高实验数据的可靠性是极为重要的．本文通过对位同物理性能分析”中几个实验的误差来源进行分析，初步探讨了消除这些误差的途径．一、选择正确的实验方法在研究奥氏体’“等温分解的动力学问题时，可以用磁性分析法，也可以用膨胀法．选择的主要根据就是实验误差应足够小．一般我们常用磁性分析法，因为奥氏体具有顺磁性，而其分解产物不论是珠光体，还是贝氏体都是强铁磁性组织．因此当过冷奥氏体分解时，必然伴随着强烈的磁性变…     

X射线干涉光刻偏转聚焦系统热载影响与分析

为缩短实验前的等待时间，减小热辐射对光学元件的损伤以及热变形对实验的影响，充分利用同步辐射X射线获得稳定有效的实验结果，对X射线干涉光刻(XIL)光束线偏转聚焦系统进行了热结构耦合分析。针对上海光源(SSRF)的光源参数，计算偏转聚焦系统所受的热功率密度分布，在此基础上对偏转聚焦系统在相同载荷、不同边界条件下进行了瞬态热平衡分析，得到双柱面镜M1、M2达到热平衡所需的时间、温度分布，并做了比较分析。结果表明，对XIL光束线上偏转聚焦系统的M1、M2采用间接水冷方式可削弱热载效应，达到热平衡的时间分别由8677 s和7850 s缩短到960 s和840 s，最高温度分别由182.73 ℃和129.73 ℃降低到57.94 ℃和47.29 ℃，此时的最大面形误差分别为7.23 μrad和9.24 μrad，缩短了从开机到实验的等待时间，在提高实验效率的同时能够获得稳定有效的实验结果。     

全反射X射线荧光分析

介绍了全反射Ｘ射线荧光分析的基本理论，实验装置和定量分析方法，简述了其发展史及其在医学，法学，环境科学，地矿科学，材料科学等领域的应用。评述了今后Ｘ射线荧光发展的方向。     

硒的形态分析方法综述

对光谱分析法、色谱分析法、电化学分析法以及联用技术在硒形态分析中的应用进行了评述 ,比较了各种方法的优缺点。引用文献 10 1篇     

黄酮类化合物色谱和光谱分析研究进展

简述了近年来国内外黄酮类化合物色谱和光谱分析方法,主要介绍了高速逆流色谱、胶束电动毛细管色谱、微乳薄层色谱、高效液相色谱、配位色谱分析法以及紫外光谱、荧光光谱、近红外光谱、三波长-光谱分析法.     

Proton NMR Spectrometric Analysis of Glibenclamide and Tolazamide and Some of Their Pharmaceutical Preparations

An analytical method is described for the assay of two important oral hypoglycemic agents, namely, glibenclamide (glyburide); and tolazamide; using PMR technique. The method is rapid, accurate, specific and precise.

The principle of the method involves comparing the integral of a chosen signal in the PMR spectrum of the drug under investigation with that of the methylene group signal of the internal standard, benzyl benzoate.     

A Comprehensive Experimental Characterization of a Far-Infrared Ring Laser

We examine the possibilities to use a C0₂-pumped FIR-ring laser system, which was optimized for operation at 2.5THz, for the generation of other FIR-lines using methanol as laser-active medium. Five laser lines between 1.7 and 4.8THz were detected and characterized with respect to the maximum achievable output power, beam quality and optimum methanol pressure. Mode patterns for most of the lines were recorded in order to allow easy adjustment of the system and line-identification.     

PMR Assay of Essential Oils: V. Assay of Benzyl Benzoate and Benzyl Cinnamate in Balsams

An accurate, simple and precise PMR procedure has been developed for the quantitation of benzyl benzoate (I) and benzyl cinnamate (II) as pure drugs and in Peru and Tolu balsams. The average recovery of pure I and II in standard mixtures using ethyl benzoate (III) as the internal standard was 100.2± 0.38% w/w and 100.0± 0.34 34% w/w respectively. The results of the assay using standard synthetic mixtures containing both I and II proved to be reproducible and gave a mean of 100.0 ± 0.54 w/w for I and 100.0 ± 0.62 w/w for II. Applying the same method for the determination of I and II in balsams, an average vlaue of 44.7% w/w was obtained for I and 4.4% w/w for II in Peru balsam. The corresponding average values for Tolu balsam were 11.6 w/w and 14.3% w/w. Moreover the method provides means for the ratio determination of I and II and the identification of the balsams.     

X射线荧光光谱法定性定量分析方法探讨

本文探讨了X射线荧光光谱法元素定性分析检出判定方法,并提出了一种与其他分析方法结合、利用荧光谱线强度比对对元素进行定量的单点外标法.方法简便、快速、实用,适用于大多数样品元素的分析.     

Correlations and cross-correlations in the Brazilian agrarian commodities and stocks

We investigate the auto-correlations and cross-correlations of the volatility time series in the Brazilian stock and commodity market, using the recently introduced Detrended Cross-Correlation Analysis. We find that the auto-correlations in stock volatilities are weaker than the auto-correlations in the commodity volatility series, contrary to earlier findings for the USA market where commodity volatility exponents were found to be lower than for stocks. We also find that the cross-correlations in the Brazilian stock and commodity market are stronger than what would be expected from simple combinations of auto-correlations of individual series, implying that there may be hidden factors that govern the behavior of the observed volatility series. This enhanced cross-correlation behavior is found in a considerable fraction of Brazilian stocks and agricultural commodities considered in the present work, suggesting that further studies should be directed into investigating these super-cross-correlations, and pinpointing the exogenous variables responsible for such behavior.     

国内汞测定评述

本文评述了应用化学法、原子荧光法、原子吸收法、色谱法、电化学法、间接法、以及其他方法对Hg的分析。     

Determination of Busulfan in Tablets by NMR Spectroscopy

A simple NMR spectroscopic method is described for the assay of busulfan in tablets. Methenamine is used as the internal standard and chloroform-d as the solvent. The mean recovery value for the drug from standard mixtures was 99.3 ± 0.182% w/w (n = 5) by the NMR method and 99.2% (n = 2) by the official method. The mean content of busulfan in commercial tablet samples was 99.4 ± 0.16 (range 99.1 – 99.6)% w/w (CV = 0.16%, n = 10) by the NMR method and 99.5 ± 0.17 (range 99.2 – 99.8)% w/w (CV = 0.17%, n = 10) by the official method.     

Voice-over: Perceptual and Acoustic Analysis of Vocal Features

Voice-overs are professional voice users who use their voices to market products in the electronic media. The purposes of this study were to (1) analyze voice-overed and non-overed productions of an advertising text in two groups consisting of 10 male professional voice-overs and 10 male non-voice-overs; and (2) determine specific acoustic features of voice-over productions in both groups. A na?ve group of listeners were engaged for the perceptual analysis of the recorded advertising text. The voice-overed production samples from both groups were submitted for analysis of acoustic and temporal features. The following parameters were analyzed: (1) the total text length, (2) the length of the three emphatic pauses, (3) values of the mean, (4) minimum, (5) maximum fundamental frequency, and (6) the semitone range. The majority of voice-overs and non-voice-overs were correctly identified by the listeners in both productions. However voice-overs were more consistently correctly identified than non-voice-overs. The total text length was greater for voice-overs. The pause time distribution was statistically more homogeneous for the voice-overs. The acoustic analysis indicated that the voice-overs had lower values of mean, minimum, and maximum fundamental frequency and a greater range of semitones. The voice-overs carry the voice-overed production features to their non-voice-overed production.