Efficient production of poly-gamma-glutamic acid by Bacillus subtilis ZJU-7

A strain with high poly-gamma-glutamic acid (gamma-PGA) production was isolated from fermented bean curd, a traditional Chinese food. The strain was named Bacillus subtilis ZJU-7 according to 16s rDNA sequencing and its taxonomic characters. The culture conditions for gamma-PGA production were evaluated. The most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources were sucrose and tryptone, respectively. Exogenous L-glutamic acid was necessary for gamma-PGA production, and the production of gamma-PGA increased on the addition of L-glutamic acid to the medium. In the medium containing 60 g/L of sucrose, 60 g/L of tryptone, 80 g/L of L-glutamic acid, and 10 g/L of NaCl, the yield of gamma-PGA reached 54.4 g/L after cultivation at 37 degrees C for 24 h, which was the highest gamma-PGA production compared with values reported in the literature. The average molecular mass of gamma-PGA produced was about 1.24 x 106 Daltons. B. subtilis ZJU-7 is genetically stable and can synthesize levan instead of gamma-PGA without the addition of L-glutamic acid to the medium.     

聚电解质微球多级自组装制备双重药物载体

将表面带正电荷的壳聚糖(CS)微球和表面带负电荷的聚(L-谷氨酸)-b-聚氧化丙烯-b-聚(L-谷氨酸)(GPG)胶束共混,制备了CS/GPG聚集体水溶液体系.通过改变CS/GPG的共混比例,研究了CS微球和GPG胶柬形成稳定CS/GPG聚集体水溶液体系的配比范围,并对其粒径分布和表面电位进行了表征.在此基础上,将CS...     

基于聚(L-谷氨酸)树状分子的智能药物释放系统研究

以天然氨基酸L-谷氨酸为原料,通过收敛法合成了聚(L-谷氨酸)树状分子,通过半胱氨酸将抗肿瘤药物甲氨蝶呤( MTX)键合到聚(L-谷氨酸)树状分子上,构建氧化还原敏感的药物传输系统.用核磁(1H～NMR)等对载体以及载药粒子进行了表征.体外释放研究发现,载药粒子具有良好的氧化还原响应性,在不同浓度的还原剂二硫苏糖醇(D...     

Standard enthalpies of formation of L-glutamic acid and the products of its dissociation in aqueous solutions

The heats of dissolution of crystalline L-glutamic acid in water and potassium hydroxide solutions at 298.15 K were measured by direct calorimetry. The standard enthalpies of formation of L-glutamic acid and the products of its dissociation in aqueous solutions were calculated.     

L-谷氨酸桥联的卟啉二联体的合成和表征及其CD光谱研究

通过L-谷氨酸(乙酰基保护)与二氯亚砜反应制备的二酰氯和单羟基卟啉(M-PH₂)反应,合成了L-谷氨酸桥联的卟啉二联体,用红外光谱、 电子吸收光谱、 核磁共振氢谱、 元素分析和质谱对化合物的结构加以确证,通过圆二色谱(CD)研究了化合物的手性特征.     

交联壳聚糖微球及其接枝精氨酸树脂吸附性质的比较研究

研究了交联壳聚糖接枝精氨酸阴离子吸附树脂及交联壳聚糖微球吸附L-谷氨酸、β-内酰胺抗生素(青霉素G及氨苄青霉素)、尿素及Zn2+的动态吸附时间进程曲线及吸附容量。实验结果表明,交联壳聚糖接枝精氨酸阴离子吸附树脂对L-谷氨酸、青霉素G、氨苄青霉素、尿素及Zn2+的动态吸附平衡时间分别为120min、60min、75min、90min及50min,比交联壳聚糖微球分别缩短15min、15min、45min、45min、30min;对L-谷氨酸、青霉素G、氨苄青霉素、尿素及Zn2+的动态吸附容量分别是214.95mg/g干树脂、78.56mg/g干树脂、67.91mg/g干树脂、530mg/g干树脂及85.01mg/g干树脂,分别比交联壳聚糖微球提高了2.35倍、2.26倍、2.41倍、3.64倍和2.37倍。     

Synthesis of 4(3H)-Quinazolinone Derivatives and Their in vitro Antitumor Activity

Classical antifolates containing L-glutamic acid moiety in molecule have shortcomings such as drug resistance which is originated from the defective cell transport by mutation, and toxicity to the host which is due to unnecessarily long retention inside normal cells.[1] One strategy to overcome these shortcomings is to design nonclassical lipophilic inhibitors of folate requiring enzymes by deleting or modifying L-glutamic acid component from the folate analogues.     

多响应性聚肽共混胶束的药物控释性能

合成了聚(L-谷氨酸)-b-聚氧化丙烯-b-聚(L-谷氨酸)(PLGA-b-PPO-b-PLGA)三嵌段聚肽共聚物.通过透射电镜、激光光散射与核磁共振等方法研究了其与聚乙二醇-6-聚氧化丙烯(PEG-b-PPO)两嵌段共聚物共混体系的自组装行为,使用紫外分光光度计探讨了负载阿霉素的共混聚集体在不同环境下的释药行为.结果表明:该体系形成了以PPO为内核,PLGA和PEG为壳的共混胶束,该共混胶束的释药行为不仅具有pH和温度的响应性,并且对共混胶束的组分具有依赖性.     

以磁纳米粒为核的pH敏感型聚谷氨酸树状分子药物载体

报道了一种新的肽类树枝状分子改性磁性纳米药物载体.以天然氨基酸L-谷氨酸为原料,通过收敛法合成了聚(L-谷氨酸)树状分子,将多巴胺配体键合到聚(L-谷氨酸)树状分子上,用核磁(1H-NMR)、质谱(MS)对合成出的树状分子配体进行了表征,然后通过配体交换对四氧化三铁磁纳米粒表面进行多功能化.以阿霉素为模型药物通过pH敏...     

Two new organic reference materials for delta13C and delta15N measurements and a new value for the delta13C of NBS 22 oil

Analytical grade L-glutamic acid is chemically stable and has a C/N mole ratio of 5, which is close to that of many of natural biological materials, such as blood and animal tissue. Two L-glutamic acid reference materials with substantially different 13C and 15N abundances have been prepared for use as organic reference materials for C and N isotopic measurements. USGS40 is analytical grade L-glutamic acid and has a delta13C value of -26.24 per thousand relative to VPDB and a delta15N value of -4.52 per thousand relative to N2 in air. USGS41 was prepared by dissolving analytical grade L-glutamic acid with L-glutamic acid enriched in 13C and 15N. USGS41 has a delta13C value of +37.76 per thousand and a delta15N value of +47.57 per thousand. The delta13C and delta15N values of both materials were measured against the international reference materials NBS 19 calcium carbonate (delta13C=+1.95 per thousand ), L-SVEC lithium carbonate (delta13C=-46.48 per thousand ), IAEA-N-1 ammonium sulfate (delta15N=0.43 per thousand ), and USGS32 potassium nitrate (delta15N=180 per thousand ) by on-line combustion continuous-flow and off-line dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. Both USGS40 and USGS41 are isotopically homogeneous; reproducibility of delta13C is better than 0.13 per thousand, and that of delta15N is better than 0.13 per thousand in 100-microg amounts. These two isotopic reference materials can be used for (i) calibrating local laboratory reference materials, and (ii) quantifying drift with time, mass-dependent fractionations, and isotope-ratio-scale contraction in the isotopic analysis of various biological materials. Isotopic results presented in this paper yield a delta13C value for NBS 22 oil of -29.91 per thousand, in contrast to the commonly accepted value of -29.78 per thousand for which off-line blank corrections probably have not been quantified satisfactorily.     

Photo cross-linked biodegradable hydrogels for enhanced vancomycin loading and sustained release

A series of biodegradable hydrogels based on dextran and poly（L-glutamic acid） were fabricated for effective vancomycin loading and release. The preparation of hydrogels was simply achieved by photo cross-linking of methacrylated dextran and poly（L-glutamic acid）-g-hydroxyethyl methacrylate （PGH） in the presence of photoinitiator 12959. The structures of hydrogels were characterized by FTIR and SEM. The swelling and enzymatic degradation behaviors of hydrogels were examined to be dependent on the poly（L-glutamic acid） content in the hydrogels. The higher content of poly（L-glutamic acid） in the gel, the higher swelling ratio and quicker degradation were observed. More interestingly, the hydrogel with higher PGH ratio showed higher vancomycin （VCM） loading content, which might be due to the electrostatic interaction between carboxylate groups in hydrogel and ammonium group of VCM. In vitro drug release from the VCM-loaded hydrogels in aqueous solution exhibited sustained release of VCM up to 72 h, while the in vitro antibacterial test based on the VCM-loaded hydrogel showed an efficient Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus （MRSA） inhibition extending out to 7 days. These results demonstrated that the biodegradable hydrogels which formed by in situ photo-cross linking would be promising as scaffolds or coatings for local antibacterial drug release in tissue engineering.     

A novel and efficient synthesis of L-vinylglycine

A simple and practical synthesis of the title compound starting with L-glutamic acid is described.     

Crystallization of organic crystals with "tailor-made" inhibitors. Determination of L-lysine using L-glutamic acid as substrate

A very simple turbidimetric procedure is used for determination of L-lysine, based on its inhibitory action on the crystallization of L-glutamic acid. The obtention of supersaturated solutions of L-glutamic acid was accomplished by means of the change in the solvent composition. Thus, the addition of ethanol to stable aqueous solutions of this amino acid allows the obtainment of unstable supersaturated solutions. The method suffers from very few interferences and permits the development of an analytical procedure to determine L-lysine in the presence of D-lysine. The method was also applied to the determination of L-lysine in pharmaceutical products.     

L-α-Aminoadipic Acid from L-Glutamic Acid

A convenient procedure for the preparation of L-α-aminoadipic acid from L-glutamic acid is described.     

固定化谷氨酸脱羧酶性能的研究

本文首镒用羧甲基化的以Ｎ,Ｎ’－甲叉双丙烯酰胺交联的烯丙基葡聚糖凝胶生化树脂为新型载体,将谷氨酸脱羧酶固定在ＣＭ－ＣＡＤＢ树脂上。研究了固定化ＧＤＣ的活性与低物浓度,ｐＨ,温度的依存性;动态响应特性;热稳定性和寿命;求算了米氏常数和反应活化能;将固定化ＧＤＣ酶柱与进样系统－离子活度分析器－计算机数据采集系统匹配,构成酶传感器谷氨酸检测装置,测定了固定化ＧＤＣ酶柱的能斯特线性响应曲线,线性方程为ｙ／     

羧基化氧化石墨烯-谷氨酸复合物的抗凝血性能

将手性的L-谷氨酸(Glu)接枝到羧基化氧化石墨烯片层上, 制备了一种羧基化氧化的氧化石墨烯-谷氨酸复合物(GeneO-Glu), 提高了羧基化的氧化石墨烯的生物相容性. 利用红外光谱、 静态水接触角、 X射线衍射及热重分析等手段对所合成的GeneO-Glu复合物进行了表征, 并对其复合机理进行了探讨. 结果表明, Glu可在一定条件下通过化学反应键合在羧基化的氧化石墨烯片层上. 血浆复钙时间随着复合物浓度的增加而增加; 不同pH值条件下合成的复合物在不同浓度下的溶血率均小于5%, GeneO-Glu复合物在低浓度时即表现出优良的抗凝血性能.     

光学活性α,β-不饱和-γ-内脂的合成

介绍了通过Ｄ－核糖内酯、Ｌ－谷氨酸、丙二烯型羧酸、二氧杂三环癸酮、氰醇、环氧化物、亚砜及丙快醇等合成标题化合物的各种方法。。     

Asymmetric total synthesis of the antileukaemic lignan precursor (-)steganone and revision of its absolute configuration

A total synthesis of (-)steganone, correlating it with L-glutamic acid, shows it to have the opposite configuration to that assigned by Kupchan.     

Synthesis of a bicyclic dipeptide with the shape of β-turn central part

A bicyclic dipeptide derivative with fixed conformation simulating that of the two central amino acid residues in type II′ β-turn has been synthesized starting from L-glutamic acid and L-cysteine in short steps.     

Synthesis of novel carboranyl derivatives of α-amino acids

New routes to closo-carboranyl derivatives of L-lysine and L-glutamic acid with free gA-NH2 groups were proposed.