共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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光学成像技术极大地拓展了人类的视觉极限,提高了人们观察和理解现实世界的能力。越多地获得目标的光学信息,对其的认识越充分。数字全息术是一种可以将样本的三维信息以二维全息图的形式编码记录下来的一种成像技术。通过获得由携带物体信息的物光波和参考光波叠加产生的干涉图案,可以以数字化的方式实现多种重建模态,例如图像恢复、相位成像和切片成像等。光学扫描全息术是一种独特的数字全息成像技术,通过主动式二维化扫描对三维物体进行成像,其完整的波前信息可以被单像素探测器记录,并基于光外差检测进行信号解调,从而恢复出复数全息图。对光学扫描全息术的最新进展进行介绍。首先,基于双光瞳成像系统,通过特殊的硬件和算法设计,提高光学成像系统的性能,如提高空间分辨率、缩短扫描时间。其次,基于计算成像原理,通过改进和优化全息像重建算法,实现高质量的图像恢复,主要涉及切片成像和三维成像等重建模态。第三,介绍光学扫描全息术的其他研究方向,并讨论该领域未来可能的发展方向。 相似文献
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扩散光学断层成像作为一种无辐射损伤、低成本的光学在体成像技术,有着良好的应用前景,但具有空间分辨率低、难以定量的缺陷.为了提高扩散光学断层成像的分辨率,实现光学参数分布的精确重建,基于有限元方法,提出了融合结构先验信息的稳态扩散光学断层成像重建算法.该算法以扩散近似作为成像模型,通过软先验的Laplace 正则化方法引入由MicroCT提供的空间结构信息.采用伴随法计算Jacobian矩阵,Levenberg-Marquardt方法用来进行迭代优化.仿真结果表明该算法不仅能获得精确的光学参数值分布,而且显著地提高了迭代收敛的速度. 相似文献
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针对人体组织电导率的三维成像问题,提出一种改进的分层灵敏度磁共振电阻抗重建算法.利用单方向磁感应强度信息,对三维电导率图像实行分层重建,每层重建仅利用该层磁通密度分量测量数据,然后对单层重建结果进行修正以获得三维电导率重建图像.三介质长方体模型上的仿真实验证明,改进的分层重建算法改善了层间串扰现象,可以获得比一般分层算法甚至整体算法更高的图像分辨率,而且重建时间较整体算法显著减少;基于人体腿模型的仿真实验表明该算法对复杂模型三维重构的可行性;最后通过仿体实验验证算法的重建效果.改进的分层灵敏度重建算法降低了灵敏度矩阵法的计算机硬件需求,减少了重建时间,对MREIT的三维重建具有较高的成像精度和求解效率. 相似文献
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新型衍射光学成像光谱仪的设计和分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了克服在传统衍射光学成像光谱仪中,衍射透镜的焦距随波长变化引起系统放大率随波长变化,从而导致光谱图像的像元配准误差,得到并不精确的相对光谱信号强度,提出了将衍射透镜与消色差透镜系统相结合的新型折/衍混合、二组元复合远心成像光学系统的技术方案,具体分析推导了该系统的成像理论.在此理论指导下,利用光学设计软件Zemax设计了一套可见近红外成像光谱仪光学系统.结果表明,不但系统的放大率不随波长变化,而且进一步降低了衍射透镜的加工难度,改进了衍射光学成像光谱仪的光学性能,为新型衍射光学成像光谱仪的研制提供了重要的理论依据和设计指导. 相似文献
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复眼式光学成像系统在大视场侦查、图像识别、目标探测等领域较传统单孔径光学系统优势突出,但随着视场的增加,子孔径本身的成像畸变及多个子孔径的安装位置误差引起的畸变会直接影响拼接图像的质量。针对该问题,采用光电测量技术对复眼系统进行畸变测量与校正,生成多模动态电子畸变测量靶标,构建畸变测量校正模型,建立多项式拟合算法,采用最小二乘法获得畸变系数,通过双线性插值法模型对图像进行重建。实验结果表明,校正后的平均相对畸变优于0.1%,满足大视场复眼式光学成像系统的畸变校正和图像拼接的精度要求。 相似文献
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光学俘获技术利用光与物质相互作用产生的光势阱效应来实现对微粒的操控,已经成功应用于生物医学、材料科学等交叉领域.在对微粒进行三维俘获时,传统的宽场光学显微技术只能观测到某一平面内微粒的横向运动,对微粒沿轴向运动的观测受到很大限制.本文将轴平面显微成像技术引入光学微粒操控研究中,利用45?倾斜的反射镜把微粒的轴向运动信息转换到横向平面进行观测,与传统宽场显微成像技术相结合,实现了对二氧化硅小球俘获过程横向和轴向运动的同步观测.该成像方法无需扫描和数据重构,具有实时快速等优点,在新型光束光镊、厚样品三维观测和成像等领域具有潜在的应用价值. 相似文献
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This paper presents a three-dimensional visualization method of 3D objects in a scattering medium. The proposed method employs integral imaging and spectral analysis to improve the visual quality of 3D images. The images observed from 3D objects in the scattering medium such as turbid water suffer from image degradation due to scattering. The main reason is that the observed image signal is very weak compared with the scattering signal. Common image enhancement techniques including histogram equalization and contrast enhancement works improperly to overcome the problem. Thus, integral imaging that enables to integrate the weak signals from multiple images was discussed to improve image quality. In this paper, we apply spectral analysis to an integral imaging system such as the computational integral imaging reconstruction. Also, we introduce a signal model with a visibility parameter to analyze the scattering signal. The proposed method based on spectral analysis efficiently estimates the original signal and it is applied to elemental images. The visibility-enhanced elemental images are then used to reconstruct 3D images using a computational integral imaging reconstruction algorithm. To evaluate the proposed method, we perform the optical experiments for 3D objects in turbid water. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods. 相似文献
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X射线三维成像技术是目前国内外X射线成像研究领域的一个研究热点.但针对一些特殊成像目标,传统X射线计算层析(CT)成像模式易出现投影信息缺失等问题,影响CT重建的图像质量,使得CT成像的应用受到一定的限制.本文主要研究了基于光场成像理论的X射线三维立体成像技术.首先从同步辐射光源模型出发,对X射线光场成像进行建模;然后,基于光场成像数字重聚焦理论,对成像目标场在深度方向上进行切片重建.结果表明:该方法可以实现对成像目标任一视角下任一深度的内部切片重建,但是由于光学聚焦过程中的离焦现象,会引入较为严重的背景噪声.当对其原始数据进行滤波后,再进行X射线光场重聚焦,可以有效消除重建伪影,提高图像的重建质量.本研究既有算法理论意义,又可应用于工业、医疗等较复杂目标的快速检测,具有较大的应用价值. 相似文献
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In this paper we describe a three-dimensional (3D) continuous wave (CW) diffuse optical tomography (DOT) system and present 3D volumetric reconstruction studies using this DOT system with simple phantom models that simulate hand joints. The CCD-based DOT system consists of 64×64 source/detector fiber optic channels, which are arranged in four layers, forming a cylindrical fiber optic/tissue interface. Phantom experiments are used to evaluate system performance with respective to axial spatial resolution, optical contrast and target position for detection of osteoarthritis where cartilage is the primary target region of interest. These phantom studies suggest that we are able to quantitatively resolve a 2 mm thick “cartilage” and qualitatively resolve a 1 mm thick “cartilage” using our 3D reconstruction approach. Our results also show that optical contrast of 3:1–7:1 between the “disease cartilage” and normal cartilage can be quantitatively recovered. Finally, the target position along axial direction on image reconstruction is studied. All the images are obtained using our 3D finite-element-based reconstruction algorithm. 相似文献
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为了实现大景深信息全焦面高质量成像,提出了基于单次曝光光场成像的导向滤波全焦图像重建技术:结合光场成像采集视场信息,并采用光场重建的方式获取多聚焦图像源集,利用导向滤波的方法确定各级图像融合权重,进行图像融合得到大景深的全焦图像.实验证明,提出的基于单次曝光光场成像的导向滤波全焦图像重建技术不仅有效保证了多聚焦图像背景... 相似文献
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In this Letter, we propose an improved three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction method for integral imaging. We use subpixel sensing of the optical rays of the 3D scene projected onto the image sensor. When reconstructing the 3D image, we use a calculated minimum subpixel distance for each sensor pixel instead of the average pixel value of integrated pixels from elemental images. The minimum subpixel distance is defined by measuring the distance between the center of the sensor pixel and the physical position of the imaging lens point spread function onto the sensor, which is projected from each reconstruction point for all elemental images. To show the usefulness of the proposed method, preliminary 3D imaging experiments are presented. Experimental results reveal that the proposed method may improve 3D imaging visualization because of the superior sensing and reconstruction of optical ray direction and intensity information for 3D objects. 相似文献
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针对近红外漫射光层析成像中的三维成像问题展开了理论和实验研究.利用开发的以强度和平均飞行时间作为数据类型的三维重建算法对数值仿真模型进行了重建,同时采用多通道时间相关单光子计数层析成像系统对固体样品进行了三维成像.结果表明:所发展的算法较忠实地重建出了样品内部的异质体结构;采用的差分重建方法有利于提高重建的抗噪性能;提出的单层测头配置模式对于三维成像具有实际意义. 相似文献
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In the present cosmetic market, the skin image obtained from a hand-held camera is two-dimensional (2-D). Due to insufficient
penetration, only the skin surface can be detected, and thus phenomena in the dermis cannot be observed. To take the place
of the conventional 2D camera, a new hand-held imaging system is proposed for three-dimensional (3-D) skin imaging. Featuring
non-invasiveness, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become one of the popular medical imaging techniques. The dermal
images shown in OCT-related reports were mainly single-colored because of the use of a monotonic light source. With three
original-colored beams applied in OCT, a full-colored image can be derived for dermatology. The penetration depth of the system
ranges from 0.43 to 0.78 mm, sufficient for imaging of main tissues in the dermis. Colorful and non-invasive perspectives
of deep dermal structure help to advance skin science, dermatology and cosmetology. 相似文献