Ab Initio Study on the Mechanism of Cycloaddition Reaction between Silylene Carbene （H_2Si=C：） and Acetone

The mechanism of cycloaddition reaction between singlet silylene carbene and acetone has been investigated with CCSD(T)//MP2/6-31G method. From the potential energy profile, it can be predicted that the reaction has two competitive dominant reaction pathways. One consists of two steps: (1) the two reactants (R1, R2) firstly form a four-membered ring intermediate (INT4) through a barrier-free exothermic reaction of 585.9 kJ/mol; (2) Then intermediate (INT4) isomerizes to CH3-transfer product (P4.1) via a transition state (TS4.1) with energy barrier of 5.3 kJ/mol. The other is as follows: on the basis of intermediate (INT4) created between R1 and R2, intermediate (INT4) further reacts with acetone (R2) to form the intermediate (INT5) through a barrier-free exothermic reaction of 166.3 kJ/mol; Then, intermediate (INT5) isomerizes to a silicic bis-heterocyclic product (P5) via a transition state (TS5), for which the barrier is 54.9 kJ/mol. The presented rule of this reaction: the [2+2] cycloaddition effect between the π orbital of silylene carbene and the π orbital of π-bonded compounds leads to the formation of a four-membered ring intermediate (INT4); The unsaturated property of C atom from carbene in the four-membered ring intermediate (INT4) results in the generation of CH3-transfer product (P4.1) and silicic bis-heterocyclic compound (P5).     

Ab initio Mechanism Study on the Reaction of Chlorine Atom with Formic Acid

The potential energy surface(PES) for the reaction of Cl atom with HCOOH is predicted using ab initio molecular orbital calculation methods at UQCIDS(T,full)6-311 G(3df,2p)//UMP2(full)/6-311 G(d,P) level of theory with zero-point vibrational energy (ZPVE) correction.The calculated results show that the reaction mechanism of Cl atom with formic acid is a C-site hydrogen abstraction reaction from cis-HOC(H)O molecule by Cl atom with a 3.73kJ/mol reaction barrier height,leading to the formation of cis-HOCO radical which will reacts with Cl atom or other molecules in such a reaction system.Because the reaction barrier height of O-site hydrogen abstraction reaction from cis-HOC(H)O molecule by Cl atom which leads to the formation of HCO2 radical is 67.95kJ/mol,it is a secondary reaction channel in experiment,This is in good agreement with the prediction based on the previous experiments.     

Theoretical Study of the AICI Disproportionation Reaction Mechanism on the Al(100) Surface

The surface disproportionation reaction mechanism of aluminum subchloride on the aluminum (100) surfaces has been investigated by the plane-wave density functional theory (DFT).Three kinds of possible reaction mechanism of AlCl disproportionation reaction on the aluminum (100)surfaces have been taken into account. The structures of reactants and products have been optimized, transition states have been confirmed and activation energies have been calculated. The adsorption energy of reactants and desorption energy of products have been determined. All of these have been employed to confirm the reaction mechanism and the rate determining step of AlCl disproportionation reaction on the aluminum (100) surfaces.     

Theoretical Study of the AlCl Disproportionation Reaction Mechanism on the Al(100) Surface

The surface disproportionation reaction mechanism of aluminum subchloride on the aluminum (100) surfaces has been investigated by the plane-wave density functional theory (DFT).Three kinds of possible reaction mechanism of AlCl disproportionation reaction on the aluminum (100) surfaces have been taken into account.The structures of reactants and products have been optimized,transition states have been confirmed and activation energies have been calculated.The adsorption energy of reactants and desorption energy of products have been determined.All of these have been employed to confirm the reaction mechanism and the rate determining step of AlCl disproportionation reaction on the aluminum (100) surfaces.     

自由基HO2与C2H2反应势能面的理论研究

应用量子化学从头计算和密度泛函理论(DFT)对HO2+C2H2反应体系的反应机理进行了研究.在B3LYP/6-311G**和CCSD(T)/6-311G**水平上计算了HO2+ C2H2反应的二重态反应势能面.计算结果表明,主要反应方式为自由基HO2的H原子和C2H2分子中的C原子结合,经过一系列异构化,最后分解得到主要产物P1 (CH2O+ HCO).此反应是放热反应,化学反应热为-321.99 kJ·mol-1.次要产物为P2 (CO2 +CH3),也是放热反应.     

HCNO分子裂解机理的理论研究

实验提示应用248 nm UV波长对HCNO分子进行直接光解, 该分子可能发生裂解, 得到某些产物. 为了揭示HCNO分子的裂解机理, 选择HCNO分子的一组相对能级作为理论研究的起始点, 即¹A' (0.00 kJ/mol), ³A' (255.01 kJ/mol), ³A\" (282.37 kJ/mol)和¹A\" (341.59 kJ/mol), 进而找到了合理的反应路径, 阐明了相应的裂解机理, 得到的主要产物为H＋NCO, HCN＋O和NH＋CO, 与实验提示的结果相符合.     

Theoretical Study on the Long-lived Complexes for the Na＋I2 Collision System

For the Na I2 collision system, theoretical study is performed on the QCISD(T) level by using ab initio method. The ab initio potential energy surfaces are got and on them the long-lived complexes are found and optimized. These results verify the crossed molecule beam experimental phenomenon and the detailed geometry structures are given for the first time. The role of the complexes in the reaction path is also described in detail.     

CH3CH2,CH3CHCl,CH3CCl2与NO2反应微观动力学理论研究

运用量子化学密度泛函理论UB3LYP/6-311+G*和高级电子相关校正的偶合簇(CCSD(T)/6-311+G*)方法,对CH3CH2,CH3CHCl和CH3CCl2自由基与NO2反应的机理和动力学进行了理论研究,得到了体系的势能面信息和可能的反应机理.根据计算得到的各反应热力学参数及反应能垒,采用传统过渡态理论计算了各反应在温度T=298 K和T=700 K时的速率常数.研究结果表明,该类反应均通过1个中间体和1个过渡态生成产物,产物分别为CH3CHO+HNO,CH3CHO+ClNO和CH3CClO+ClNO.     

Theoretical study on the mechanism of the 1CHCl + NO reaction

The complex doublet potential energy surface of the CHClNO system, including 31 minimum isomers and 84 transition states, is investigated at the QCISD(T)/6-311G(d, p)//B3LYP/6-31G(d, p) level in order to explore the possible reaction mechanism of the singlet CHCl with NO. Various possible isomerization and dissociation channels are probed. The initial association between 1CHCl and NO at the terminal N-site can almost barrierlessly lead to the chainlike adducts HClCNO a (a1, a2) followed by the direct Cl-extrusion to product P9 Cl + HCNO, which is the most feasible channel. Much less competitively, a (a1, a2) undergoes a ring-closure leading to the cyclic isomer c-C(HCl)NO d followed by a concerted Cl-shift and N-O cleavage of d to form the branched isomers ClNC(H)O f (f1, f2). Eventually, f (f1, f2) may take a direct H-extrusion to produce P7 H + ClNCO or a concerted 1,2-H-shift and Cl-extrusion to form P1 Cl + HNCO. The low-lying products P2 HCl + NCO, P3 Cl + HOCN, P14 HCO + 3NCl, P6 ClO + HCN, and P13 ClNC + OH may have the lowest yields observed. Our calculations show that the product distributions of the title reaction are quite different from those of the analogous 1CHF + NO reaction, yet are similar to those of another analogous 3CH2 + NO reaction. The similarities and discrepancies among the three reactions are discussed in terms of the substitution effect. The present article may assist in future experimental identification of the product distributions for the title reaction and may be helpful for understanding the halogenated carbene chemistry.     

HS和HOO抽氢反应机理的研究

在B3LYP/6-311+G(3df,2p)水平上对HS和HOO反应中的所有物种进行了几何构型优化和频率计算,采用QCISD(T)/6-311+G(3df,2p)方法获得了各物种的单点能,构建了HS和HOO反应在单、三重态势能剖面.结果表明,HS与HOO反应体系中存在2种不同的抽氢通道,在单、三重态势能面上生成的产物分别为[1P1(H2O2+1S),1P2(H2S+1 O2)]和[3P1(H2O2+3S),3P2(H2S+3O2)].标题反应主要发生在三重态势能面上,优势通道[R→3 TS2→3P2(H2S+3O2)]的活化能为9.99kJ·mol-1.此结果对认识大气硫迁移转变规律具有实际意义.     

4,4’,6,6’-四叠氮基偶氮-1,3,5-三嗪(TAAT)的合成、表征与热分解研究

以4,4',6,6'-四叠氮基联氨-1,3,5-三嗪(TAHT)为原料,经三氯异氰尿酸(TCI)、二氯异氰尿酸(DCI)、二氯异氰尿酸钠(SDCI)、二溴异氰尿酸钠(SDBI)、N-氯代丁二酰亚胺(NCS)、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS)、氯气(Cl2)、液溴(Br2)、次氯酸钠(NaClO)等氧化联氨键形成偶氮键合成了4,4’,6,6’-四叠氮基偶氮-1,3,5-三嗪(TAAT),产率72％～93％.通过FT-IR,13C NMR,MS,元素分析等手段对其进行了表征;考察了不同氧化剂对氧化联氨键形成偶氮键反应的影响,验证了TAHT氧化合成TAAT的机理.通过DSC、程序升温FT-IR等测试结果,提出了TAAT的热分解机理.     

Theoretical Studies on the Potential Energy Surface and Vibrational Energy Levels of HXeBr

The potential energy surface for the electronic ground state of the HXeBr molecule is constructed from more than 4200 ab initio points calculated using the internally contracted multi-reference configuration interaction method with the Davidson correction （icMRCI ＋ Q）. The stabilities and dissociation barriers are identified from the potential energy surface. The three-body dissociation channel is found to be the dominant dissociation channel for HXeBr. Low-lying vibrational energy levels of HXeBr calculated using the Lanczos algorithm are found to be in good agreement with the available experimental band origins.     

HSCCS自由基势能面的理论研究

在CCSD(T)/6-311G(d,f)//MP2/6-311G(d,f) ZPE水平下,计算得到含有8个异构体和11个过渡态的HSCCS自由基体系势能面,讨论了异构体的结构与稳定性及异构体之间的异构化过程.结果表明异构体m1的能量最低,除m1以外,异构体m2和m3的能量也比较低,在MP2水平上,过渡态TS1的能量比异构体m2仅高3.9kJ/mol,而在CCSD(T)水平上,TS1的能量比m2低14.6 kJ/mol,这说明异构体m2可以迅速转化为能量更低的m1.异构体m3的能量比异构体m1高49.99 kJ/mol,可以推断,在合适的实验条件下可以观测到异构体m1.     

粉状氟碳铈矿热分解反应动力学模型

用四川冕宁天然氟碳铈矿晶体为原料 ,研究其热分解过程。测定了粉状氟碳铈矿空气气氛下热分解过程的热重 差热曲线。根据Criado提出的反应动力学机制模型 ,采用热分析技术对动力学数据进行了处理和计算 ,绘制了氟碳铈矿粉末热分解反应的动力学曲线 ,与标准曲线比较 ,结合前期工作动力学参数计算的结果 ,确定了热分解过程的反应机制为形核和生长 ,其反应动力学模型的微分和积分形式的表达式分别为 :f(α) =( 1 -α)和g(α) =-ln( 1 -α)。     

基态碱土金属原子Ba（^1S）与ClO2分子反应的从头计算研究

对基态碱金属原子Ｂａ（１Ｓ）与ＣｌＯ２分子的反应进行了量子化学从头计算，讨论并比较了二重态势能面上的两条不同的反应产物通道，结果表明，通道（１）－即生成氯化物的通道在能量上有利，反应的主要产物是ＢａＣｌ和Ｏ２，这与实验结果一致，此外，对少数低激发态产物的生成进行了讨论。