Hyperbolic Structures and the Stickiness Effect

The stickiness effect of invariant tori in the phase space is widely studied,and extended to the slow-down of orbital diffusion due to some other invariant sets,such as Cantori,island-chains and hyperbolic periodic orbits.We report on two models in which hyperbolic periodic orbits show the stickiness effect.We discuss the generalized stickiness effects caused by different invariant sets.We believe that the main cause of the generalized stickiness effects is the hyperbolic structures in the phase space of the dynamical systems.     

Dynamics of a Rydberg Hydrogen Atom in a Generalized van der Waals Potential and a Magnetic Field

The classical dynamics of a Rydberg hydrogen atom in a generalized van der Waals potential plus a magnetic field is investigated by using the Poincaré surface of section and phase space trajectories method. The dynamical character of this system depends sensitively on the magnetic field strength. The numerical calculations show that for a certain van der Waals potential, its classical dynamics is regular without the external magnetic field. However, with the addition of the external magnetic field, the dynamical property of the Rydberg hydrogen atom begins to change. With the increase of the magnetic field strength, order-chaos-order-chaos types of transition regions are observed for the hydrogen atom. As the magnetic field strength is very large, nearly all the phase space trajectories are chaotic. Under this condition, only chaotic motion appears. This is caused by the diamagnetic Zeeman effect. Our study provides a different perspective on the dynamical behavior of the Rydberg atom in the van der Waals potential and magnetic field.     

Ordinary Mode Instability in a Cairns Distributed Electron Plasma

Employing the linearized Vlasov-Maxwell equations, a generalized dispersion relation for the ordinary mode is derived by employing the Cairns distribution function. The instability of the mode and its threshold condition is investigated. It is found that the temperature anisotropy χ = T_∥/T_⊥ 1 required to excite the instability varies with density values whereas the growth rate is dependent on various parameters like non-thermality Λ, equilibrium number density n_0 and temperature anisotropy. It is found that with the increase in the values of any of the parameters Λ, n_0 and χ, the growth rate is enhanced and the k-domain is enlarged. The results are applicable for space plasma environments like solar wind.     

Exact projective solutions of a generalized nonlinear Schrdinger system with variable parameters

A direct self-similarity mapping approach is successfully applied to a generalized nonlinear Schrdinger (NLS) system. Based on the known exact solutions of a self-similarity mapping equation, a few types of significant localized excitation with novel properties are obtained by selecting appropriate system parameters. The integrable constraint condition for the generalized NLS system derived naturally here is consistent with the known compatibility condition generated via Painlev analysis.     

Uncoupled achromatic condition of a dog-leg system with the presence of RF cavities

To merge the beam from either of the two injectors to the main linac, a dog-leg system will be employed in the second Medium Energy Beam Transport （MEBT2） line of the China ADS driving accelerator. The achromatic condition has to be guaranteed to avoid beam center excursion against energy jitter. RF cavities were found to be indispensable to control the bunch length growth in the dog-leg system of MEBT2. The full uncoupling between transverse and longitudinal plane is desired to minimize the growth of projected rms emittances. The uncoupled achromatic condition of this dogleg system with the presence of RF bunching cavities will be deduced using the transfer matrices method. It is found that, to fulfill the uncoupling condition, the distance between the bunching cavities is uniquely determined by the maximum energy gain of the RF cavities. The theoretical analysis is verified by the simulation code TraceWin. The space charge effect on the uncoupled achromatic condition and the beam emittance growth will Mso be discussed.     

Qualitative Analysis and Explicit Exact Solitary,Kink and Anti-Kink Wave Solutions of the Generalized Nonlinear Schrdinger Equation with Parabolic Law Nonlinearity

The generalized nonlinear Schrdinger equation with parabolic law nonlinearity is studied by using the factorization technique and the method of dynamical systems.From a dynamic point of view,the existence of smooth solitary wave,kink and anti-kink wave is proved and the sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence of the above solutions in different regions of the parametric space are given.Also,all possible explicit exact parametric representations of the waves are presented.     

Realization of generalized synchronization between different chaotic systems via scalar controller

In this paper, a very simple generalized synchronization method between different chaotic systems is presented. Only a scalar controller is used in this method. The method of obtaining the scalar controller from chaotic systems is established. The sufficient and necessary condition of generalized synchronization is obtained from a rigorous theory, and the sufficient and necessary condition of generalized synchronization is irrelative to chaotic system itself. Theoretical analyses and simulation results show that the method established in this paper is effective.     

Noether conserved quantities and Lie point symmetries for difference nonholonomic Hamiltonian systems in irregular lattices

The Noether conserved quantities and the Lie point symmetries for difference nonholonomic Hamiltonian systems in irregular lattices are studied. The generalized Hamiltonian equations of the systems are given on the basis of the transformation operators in the space of discrete Hamiltonians. The Lie transformations acting on the lattice, as well as the equations and the determining equations of the Lie symmetries are obtained for the nonholonomic Hamiltonian systems. The discrete analogue of the Noether conserved quantity is constructed by using the Lie point symmetries. An example is discussed to illustrate the results.     

Perturbation to Noether-Lie Symmetry and Adiabatic Invariants for Mechanical Systems in Phase Space

Based on the concept of adiabatic invariant, the perturbation to Noether-Lie symmetry and adiabatic invariants for mechanical systems in phase space are studied. The criterion of the Noether Lie symmetry for the perturbed system is given, and the definition of the perturbation to Noether-Lie symmetry for the system under the action of small disturbance is presented. Meanwhile, the Noether adiabatic invariants and the generalized Hojman adiabatic invariants of the perturbed system are obtained.     

Robust color segmentation algorithms in illumination variation conditions

<正>Changing illumination condition can change the result of image segmentation algorithm and reduce the intelligent recognition rate.A novel color image segmentation method robust to illumination variations is presented.The method is applied to the skin segmentation.Based on the hue preserving algorithm, the method reduces the dimensionality of the red-green-blue(RGB) space to one dimension,while keeping the hue of every pixel unchanging before and after space transformation.In the new color space,the skin color model is established using Gaussian model.Experimental results show that the method is robust to illumination variations,and has low computational complexity.     

On the geometric prequantization of Maxwell equations

The geometric prequantization of Maxwell equations in a vacuum is described and its relation with geometric prequantization of the extended phase space is pointed out.     

On the reduced phase space of a cotangent bundle

The geometric prequantization of a reduced phase space of a cotangent bundle is described and its relation with the geometric prequantization of the cotangent bundle is pointed out.     

Closed 2-Form of 2D Black Holes from Geometric Prequantization Method

In this paper, we consider effective Hamiltonian of 2D dilatonic black hole adding Axion field and calculate closed 2-form by using geometric prequantization method. It yields to the Schrödinger equation which may be solved to obtain wave function. We obtained a condition on the cosmological constant to obtain appropriate Hamilton equation of motions.     

On the geometric prequantization of Poisson manifolds

The geometric prequantization of Poisson manifolds is described using the Weinstein theory of local symplectic groupoids.     

Constraints and polarizations

Geometric quantization is applied to first-class constrained systems. It is shown how certain inconsistencies associated with the prequantization of open gauge algebras and observables can be cured at the quantum level by the introduction of suitable polarizations. Furthermore it is shown a large Poisson subalgebra of the ideal of constrait functions can be consistently implemented at the quantum level and how reparametrization invariance of the constraint surface relates to a partially flat local Kähler structure on phase space.     

Geometric BRST quantization,I: Prequantization

This is the first part of a two-part paper dedicated to the definition of BRST quantization in the framework of geometric quantization. After recognizing prequantization as a manifestation of the Poisson module structure of the sections of the prequantum line bundle, we define BRST prequantization and show that it is the homological analog of the symplectic reduction of prequantum data. We define a prequantum BRST cohomology theory and interpret it in terms of geometric objects. We then show that all Poisson structures correspond under homological reduction. This allows to prove, in the BRST context, that prequantization and reduction commute.     

Generalized holomorphic structures

We investigate generalized holomorphic structures in generalized complex geometry. We find that a generalized holomorphic vector bundle carries a generalized complex structure on its total space if some additional conditions hold. We prove that generalized holomorphicity is equivalent to the integrability of a distribution on the total space, and a family of linear Dirac structures associated with this distribution is a generalized complex structure if a further condition holds. Under the same condition, we also prove that local generalized holomorphic frames exist around a regular point.     

Geometric Prequantization for the Binary Black Holes

In this letter, the effective-one-body Hamiltonian of two spinning black hole considered and prequantization operators obtained by using the closed 2-form. It is indeed an application of prequantization method in a given physical system. Our results may be considered as mathematical tool and is useful to obtain the wave function.     

Admissible states in quantum phase space

We address the question of which phase space functionals might represent a quantum state. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for both pure and mixed phase space quantum states. From the pure state quantum condition we obtain a formula for the momentum correlations of arbitrary order and derive explicit expressions for the wave functions in terms of time-dependent and independent Wigner functions. We show that the pure state quantum condition is preserved by the Moyal (but not by the classical Liouville) time evolution and is consistent with a generic stargenvalue equation. As a by-product Baker's converse construction is generalized both to an arbitrary stargenvalue equation, associated to a generic phase space symbol, as well as to the time-dependent case. These results are properly extended to the mixed state quantum condition, which is proved to imply the Heisenberg uncertainty relations. Globally, this formalism yields the complete characterization of the kinematical structure of Wigner quantum mechanics. The previous results are then succinctly generalized for various quasi-distributions. Finally, the formalism is illustrated through the simple examples of the harmonic oscillator and the free Gaussian wave packet. As a by-product, we obtain in the former example an integral representation of the Hermite polynomials.     

Prequantization and KMS structures

The properties of the representations of the canonical commutation relations, obtained in the prequantization program, are investigated with special attention to the relevance of the KMS structures in this context. In particular, we show how these structures provide a natural way to pass from the prequantization representation of the CCR to the Schrödinger representation.