两端线型双量子点分子Aharonov-Bohm干涉仪电输运

设计一个两端线型双量子点分子Aharonov-Bohm (A-B)干涉仪. 采用非平衡格林函数技术, 理论研究无含时外场作用下的体系电导和引入含时外场作用下的体系平均电流. 在不考虑含时外场时, 调节点间耦合强度或磁通可以诱导电导共振峰劈裂. 控制穿过A-B干涉仪磁通的有无, 实现了共振峰电导数值在0与1之间的数字转换, 为制造量子开关提供了一个新的物理方案. 同时借助磁通和Rashba自旋轨道相互作用, 获得了自旋过滤. 当体系引入含时外场时, 平均电流曲线展示了旁带效应. 改变含时外场的振幅, 实现了体系平均电流的大小与位置的有效控制, 而调节含时外场的频率, 则可以实现平均电流峰与谷之间的可逆转换. 通过调节磁通与Rashba自旋轨道相互作用, 与自旋相关的平均电流亦得到有效控制. 研究结果为开发利用耦合多量子点链嵌入A-B 干涉仪体系电输运性质提供了新的认知. 上述结果可望对未来的量子器件设计与量子计算发挥重要的指导作用.     

具有次近邻相互作用的五量子比特XXZ海森伯自旋链的热纠缠

研究具有次近邻相互作用五量子比特XXZ海森伯自旋链在磁场作用下的热纠缠性质,利用数值计算求出最近邻两量子比特和次近邻两量子比特的共生纠缠度(concurrence),分别记为C_(12)和C_(13).研究结果表明,阻挫参数对配对热纠缠具有重要影响,而且阻挫参数的变化对C_(12)和C_(13)的影响也各不相同;温度、磁场、Dzyaloshinkii-Moriya相互作用以及各向异性参数对配对热纠缠有着不同程度的影响;通过选择适当的模型参数,可以有效地调节和提高五量子比特XXZ海森伯自旋链的配对热纠缠.     

具有三体相互作用海森堡自旋链模型的纠缠与几何失协

近年来有研究发现量子失协可以度量非纠缠的量子关联,而且非纠缠的量子关联在量子通信和量子计算中起到很重要的作用.本文研究了磁场,两种三体相互作用,各向异性参数,耦合常数,温度等参数对同时具有两种三体相互作用海森堡XXZ自旋链系统的量子纠缠,几何失协的影响以及与量子相变的关系.研究表明:量子纠缠和几何失协都可以清晰的表征本模型系统的量子相变现象;随着XZX+YZY型三体相互作用的增加量子纠缠和几何失协即使在高温时也可达到最大值;几何失协比量子纠缠更全面地描述了量子关联;XZY-YZX型三体相互作用的增加对量子纠缠有抑制作用;XZY-YZX型三体相互作用在一定区域内的增加对几何失协有抑制作用,在另一区域的增加可使几何失协增大到一个稳定的非零值.增大磁场和自旋耦合常数,减小各向异性参数会使纠缠的临界温度变大;调节自旋耦合常数可更有效的使量子纠缠和几何失协在高温时仍有一个较大的值.同时发现,在磁场0B5和各向异性参数-1J_Z10的区域两种量子关联都可以维持在最大值.     

具有三体相互作用海森堡自旋链模型的纠缠与几何失协

近年来有研究发现量子失协可以度量非纠缠的量子关联,而且非纠缠的量子关联在量子通信和量子计算中起到很重要的作用.研究了磁场,两种三体相互作用,各向异性参数,耦合常数,温度等参数对同时具有两种三体相互作用海森堡XXZ自旋链系统的量子纠缠,几何失协的影响以及与量子相变的关系.研究表明:量子纠缠和几何失协都可以清晰的表征本模型系统的量子相变现象; 随着XZX+YZY型三体相互作用的增加量子纠缠和几何失协即使在高温时也可达到最大值;几何失协比量子纠缠更全面地描述了量子关联; XZY-YZX型三体相互作用的增加对量子纠缠有抑制作用;XZY-YZX型三体相互作用在一定区域内的增加对几何失协有抑制作用,在另一区域的增加可使几何失协增大到一个稳定的非零值。增大磁场和自旋耦合常数,减小各向异性参数会使纠缠的临界温度变大; 调节自旋耦合常数可更有效的使量子纠缠和几何失协在高温时仍有一个较大的值.同时发现,在磁场 和各向异性参数 的区域两种量子关联都可以维持在最大值.     

具有Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya相互作用的四量子比特海森堡XXZ模型中的热纠缠

研究四量子比特海森堡XXZ模型中配对纠缠的性质,在该系统中引入了Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM)相互作用,通过求解配对纠缠度来讨论最近邻和次近邻两量子比特之间的热纠缠性质. 研究结果表明:对于铁磁和反铁磁两种情形而言,次近邻两量子比特之间不存在配对热纠缠;但在最近邻两量子比特情况时,DM相互作用和各向异性参数Δ对配对热纠缠和临界温度T_c都具有重要的影响,且随着温度T的增加,配对纠缠度逐渐减小直至消失. 因此,选择和调整合适的DM相互作用和各向异性参数,可以有效地控制和提高配对热纠缠. 关键词： 配对纠缠 XXZ模型')" href="#">XXZ模型 Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya相互作用     

级联动力学退耦合与无消相干子空间实现量子计算

量子计算与量子信息过程中一个最主要的障碍量子消相干问题.克服量子消相干的策略,一般可以分为两大类方式:量子编码和动力学控制.近年来,无消相干子空间的量子编码以其能够有效的避免消相干过程得到了人们的广泛关注,在理论和实验上都取得了较大的进展.另外,利用强快脉冲实现量子系统与环境的动力学退耦合也可以有效的压缩消相干过程,动力学退耦合的噪声控制形式也得到了广泛研究.本文利用强快脉冲实现量子比特与环境的部分退耦合,然后用两个量子比特编码到无消相干子空间,从而可以克服系统与环境的一般耦合带来的消相干.另外,我们考虑了量子比特之间的相互作用,两个量子比特的耦合会导致量子信息在量子比特之间的非控制流动,使量子计算失败.我们利用对两个量子比特实行非同步的脉冲控制,使编码的量子态在比特间固有相互作用影响下保持稳定.我们给出了一维比特串结构的量子计算机模型,每个计算单元内包括三个逻辑比特,每个逻辑比特采用不同的脉冲控制保护量子比特态的稳定.通过调节控制脉冲,有顺序的"打开"不同的相互作用,可以得到普适的逻辑门组,从而实现了可扩展、容错的普适量子计算机.     

Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya相互作用和内禀消相干对基于两量子比特Heisenberg自旋系统的量子密集编码的影响

通过求解Milburn方程, 研究了内禀消相干条件下包含Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) 相互作用的两量子比特Heisenberg自旋系统实现的量子密集编码最佳传输容量的演化特性, 分析了不同方向DM相互作用、不同初态、各向异性以及内禀消相干因子等参数对最佳编码容量的影响. 研究表明: 初态的选择对系统密集编码最佳传输容量的影响很大, 不同类型初态下密集编码容量的依赖参数不完全相同; 当系统初态处于c|01>+ d|10> 形式的非最大纠缠时, 引入较弱的DM相互作用z分量可提高最佳编码容量; 相位消相干可抑制最佳编码容量的涨落并使其在长时间演化下趋于稳定. 研究还发现: 内禀消相干下, 通过选取合适的最大纠缠初态, 系统密集编码的最佳传输容量能够保持理想极大值2; 而且无论引入哪个方向的DM相互作用, 基于两量子比特Heisenberg自旋系统的最佳编码容量总可优于经典通信的传输容量.     

可恢复相干性中心自旋模型结构设计及精确动力学

中心自旋不可避免地与周围核自旋发生相互作用,发生退相干,这也是量子信息和量子计算领域长久以来面临的严峻挑战之一。我们提出了一种可以完美且长久保持中心自旋量子位相干性的结构,该结构由一个自旋-1/2中心自旋通过XXZ型超精细相互作用耦合上一个由非均匀耦合相互作用的自旋链构成,其在中心自旋为叠加态、浴自旋为反铁磁态为初态及浴内为较强耦合的情况下,中心自旋可近似维持原有相干性,进一步去除xy方向超精细耦合,可完美保持相干性。中心自旋作量子位,将此结构应用于量子计算,或可实现无损耗量子计算。我们用浴自旋模拟环境,应用基于XX链中自旋算符矩阵元解析表示的运动方程方法,系统地研究了环境对于中心自旋退相干动力学的影响,着重研究了浴自旋间非均匀耦合影响下的中心自旋相干因子的动力学特性。在从最小到最大调控浴自旋间非均匀耦合过程中,中心自旋相干动力学大致呈现出了六个阶段,展现了丰富的量子动力学特性,并为日后研究中心自旋动力学提供了两个重要参考标志：相干因子的长时平均值的极值可以作为区分不同相的标志;相干因子长时演化的平衡可以作为竞争平衡中耦合关系对等或之间的倍数关系的标志。     

qubit-qutrit海森堡混合自旋链系统QMA熵不确定度的量子调控

在qubit-qutrit海森堡混合自旋链模型中研究了量子存储支撑(Quantum memory assisted,QMA)熵不确定度的量子调控.详细分析了混合自旋链模型中的Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya(DM)相互作用、耦合强度和非均匀磁场对QMA熵不确定度的影响,对比分析了混合自旋链模型中系统参数对QMA熵不确定度和被测系统与存储系统的量子纠缠的调控作用.结果表明,通过调控非均匀磁场强度和混合自旋链系统的参数,可以提高被测系统与存储系统的量子纠缠,降低系统QMA熵不确定度及其下限.     

具有Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya相互作用的三量子比特海森伯模型中的对纠缠

研究了一维三量子比特海森伯模型中的对纠缠的提高和控制问题,在该系统中引入了Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya（DM)相互作用,通过求解共生来计算两量子比特之间的热纠缠,结果表明：对于XXX模型,引入DM相互作用D,可以诱导铁磁和反铁磁自旋链产生热纠缠,尽管它们产生热纠缠所需的D值大小不同.对于XXZ模型,引入DM相互作用后,可以使原本不存在热纠缠的反铁磁自旋链产生纠缠,而且对于铁磁和反铁磁这两种XXZ自旋链,DM相互作用和各向异 关键词： 纠缠 XXX模型')" href="#">XXX模型 XXZ模型')" href="#">XXZ模型 Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya相互作用     

Swap action in a solid-state controllable anisotropic Heisenberg model

Correct swap action can be realized via the control of the anisotropic Heisenberg interaction in solid-state quantum systems. The conditions of performing a swap are derived by the dynamics of arbitrary bipartite pure state. It is found that swap errors can be eliminated in the presence of symmetric anisotropy. In realistic quantum computers with unavoidable fluctuations, the gate fidelity of swap action is estimated. The scheme of quantum computation via the anisotropic Heisenberg interaction is implemented in a one-dimensional quantum dots. The slanting and static magnetic field can be used to adjust the anisotropy.     

Two quantum oscillators coupled with a planar radio frequency ion trap

In this scheme,two quantum oscillators in a planar radio frequency ion trap are coupled by the trap electrodes.The ions motional states encode the quantum bits (qubits),and a swap gate could be achieved.Under different conditions of the experiments,the intensity of the coupling between two quantum oscillators and the dissipation of the system are calculated.We compute fidelities for a quantum swap gate and discuss experimental issues.     

Quantum state swap for two trapped Rydberg atoms

The quantum swap gate is one of the most useful gates for quantum computation. Two-qubit entanglement and a controlled-NOT quantum gate in a neutral Rydberg atom system have been achieved in recent experiments. It is therefore very interesting to propose a scheme here for swapping a quantum state between two trapped neutral atoms via the Rydberg blockade mechanism. The atoms interact with a sequence of laser pulses without individual addressing. The errors of the swap gate due to imprecision of pulse length, finite Rydberg interaction, and atomic spontaneous emission are discussed.     

Deterministic nondestructive state analysis for polarization-spatial-time-bin hyperentanglement with cross-Kerr nonlinearity

We present a deterministic nondestructive hyperentangled Bell state analysis protocol for photons entangled in three degrees of freedom(DOFs),including polarization,spatial-mode,and time-bin DOFs.The polarization Bell state analyzer and spatial-mode Bell state analyzer are constructed by polarization parity-check quantum nondemolition detector(P-QND)and spatial-mode parity-check quantum nondemolition detector(S-QND)using cross-Kerr nonlinearity,respectively.The time-bin Bell state analyzer is constructed by the swap gate for polarization state and time-bin state of a photon(P-T swap gate)and P-QND.The Bell states analyzer for one DOF will not destruct the Bell states of other two DOFs,so the polarization-spatial-time-bin hyperentangled Bell states can be determinately distinguished without destruction.This deterministic nondestructive state analysis method has useful applications in quantum information protocols.     

Quantum Information Processing in a Coupled Cavity Array

We consider a one-dimensional array of L identical coupled cavities, and each cavity is doped with a two-level qubit. Experimentally, it has been developed in several varieties by the newest technology. We find that the one-qubit quantum state can be perfectly transferred through the cavity array, and the entanglement between the first two qubits can also be transferred to the last two qubits. In addition, we successfully realized the entangling gate and swap gate in the coupled cavity array.     

腔场QED与量子点系统激子纠缠态的制备及消纠缠研究

利用量子点与单模腔场共振相互作用模型提出了激子Bell类和W类纠缠态的制备方案.借助于超算符方法和态的保真度考察了所制备的激子纠缠态的消相干特性,结果表明:激子Bell类和W态的纠缠特性非常脆弱,在极短的时间里演变为消纠缠态.基于腔场与两量子点共振相互作用模型设计了一个量子交换门.     

A Scheme for Atomic Entangled States and Quantum Gate Operations in Cavity QED

We propose a scheme for controllably entangling the ground states of five-state W-type atoms confined in a cavity and realizing swap gate and phase gate operations. In this scheme the cavity is only virtually excited and the atomic excited states are almost not occupied, so the produced entangled states and quantum logic operations are very robust against the cavity decay and atomic spontaneous emission.     

Entanglement and Zeeman interaction in diluted magnetic semiconductor quantum dot

We present theoretically the Zeeman coupling and exchange-induced swap action in spin-based quantum dot quantum computer models in the presence of magnetic field. We study the valence and conduction band states in a double quantum dots made in diluted magnetic semiconductor. The latter have been proven to be very useful in building an all-semiconductor platform for spintronics. Due to a strong p–d exchange interaction in diluted magnetic semiconductor (Cd_0.57Mn_0.43Te), the relative contribution of this component is strongly affected by an external magnetic field, a feature that is absent in nonmagnetic double quantum dots. We determine the energy spectrum as a function of magnetic field within the Hund–Mulliken molecular-orbit approach and by including the Coulomb interaction. Since we show that the ground state of the two carriers confined in a vertically coupled quantum dots provide a possible realization for a gate of a quantum computer, the crossing between the lowest states, caused by the giant spin splitting, can be observed as a pronounced jump in the magnetization of small magnetic field amplitude. Finally, we determine the swap time as a function of magnetic field and the inter dot distance. We estimate quantitatively swap errors caused by the field, establishing that error correction would, in principle, be possible in the presence of nonuniform magnetic field in realistic structures.     

基于二维囚禁离子实现受控非门、交换门和相位门

研究了二维囚禁离子与光场相互作用系统中几种基本量子逻辑门的实现方案.通过适当选取激光场与离子内部跃迁频率的失谐量,简化了系统的哈密顿量,并进一步推导出受控非门(C-NOT门)、交换门与相位门的实现方法.在此过程中,系统需满足Lamb-Dicke极限,并要求光场的Rabi振荡频率远远小于离子的振动频率. 关键词： 囚禁离子 受控非门(C-NOT门) 交换门 相位门     

Hybrid quantum processors: molecular ensembles as quantum memory for solid state circuits

We investigate a hybrid quantum circuit where ensembles of cold polar molecules serve as long-lived quantum memories and optical interfaces for solid state quantum processors. The quantum memory realized by collective spin states (ensemble qubit) is coupled to a high-Q stripline cavity via microwave Raman processes. We show that, for convenient trap-surface distances of a few microm, strong coupling between the cavity and ensemble qubit can be achieved. We discuss basic quantum information protocols, including a swap from the cavity photon bus to the molecular quantum memory, and a deterministic two qubit gate. Finally, we investigate coherence properties of molecular ensemble quantum bits.