金属卟啉/MgAl水滑石催化醇选择性氧化制备羰基化合物

将MgAl水滑石引入到金属四苯基卟啉(MTPPs,M=Co,Fe,Mn,Ni)催化氧化体系中,实现了醇的选择性氧化。 结果表明,在分子氧/异丁醛体系中,CoTPP在苯甲醇氧化制苯甲醛反应中表现出优异的催化活性,MgAl水滑石添加剂可有效地提高醛的选择性。 在苯甲醇1 mmol、乙腈2 mL、CoTPP 5 mg、MgAl水滑石18 mg、异丁醛5 mmol、反应温度60 ℃、氧气气氛下反应2 h,苯甲醇的转化率和苯甲醛的选择性分别达到94%和92%。 另外,此催化体系在其它醇类化合物的氧化反应中也具有较好催化活性。     

可再生型高价碘试剂亚碘酰二内酯在高效醇氧化中的应用研究

利用商品化的高价碘试剂亚碘酰二内酯(Iodosodilactone)作为最终氧化剂, 配合催化量的氮氧自由基2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧自由基(TEMPO)和当量的4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)所组成的反应体系可以将含有不同官能团的伯醇快速高效地氧化为相应的醛且不会发生过度氧化; 将反应体系中的催化剂换为空间位阻较小的氮氧自由基1-甲基-2-金刚烷氮氧自由基(1-Me-AZADO)则可以将仲醇高效地氧化为相应的酮. 值得指出的是, 反应结束后Iodosodilactone的还原态2-碘-间苯二甲酸和DMAP可以通过简单的过滤及酸碱中和处理进行回收, Iodosodilactone的再生可通过用次氯酸钠/盐酸体系氧化2-碘-间苯二甲酸来高效实现.     

Highly Selective Regeneration of Carbonyl Compounds from Their Oximes and Semicarbazones in Aqueous Medium

Abstract

Chemoselective regeneration of aryl alkyl ketone, α‐tetralone, and cycloalkanone by hydrolysis of their oximes and semicarbazones has been accomplished using aqueous phosphoric acid without involvement of any organic cosolvent in the reaction medium, where the similar derivatives of aryl aldehyde, diaryl ketone, aliphatic acyclic aldehyde and ketone remain mostly inert.     

Convenient,Mild Catalytic Deprotection of Oximes to Carbonyl Compounds with Hydrogen Peroxide and Iodine Catalyst in Aqueous Acetonitrile

A clean, mild, and efficient catalytic deoximation procedure compatible with several common functional groups has been developed using 30% hydrogen peroxide activated by iodine catalyst in aqueous acetonitrile under essentially neutral conditions. The mechanistic features of an iodonium ion–driven nucleophilic cleavage of oximic C[dbnd]N have been revealed.     

Synthesis of Carbonyl Compounds from Alcohols Using Electrochemically Generated Superoxide Ions in RTILs

Abstract

We show that the superoxide ion (O₂ ^??) generated electrochemically from oxygen dissolved in room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) reacts with primary and secondary alcohols to form the corresponding ketones and carboxylic acids, respectively. Specifically, we study the conversion of benzhydrol to benzophenone and benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde/benzoic acid. The kinetics (e.g., rate, selectivity, and yield) for these reactions are also determined as functions of the variations in the structure of the ionic liquids. The RTILs used here are imidazolium-based cations where the functional groups on the imidazolium ring are modified. Specifically, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [bmim][PF₆], 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [bdmim][PF₆], and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [hmim][PF₆] are used as the reaction medium. These results are compared to an ammonium-based RTIL (N-butyl-N-trimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide). The results show that the nucleophilic attack by the O₂ ^?? of both the RTIL and the alcohol, especially that of the H atom at the R2 position of the [bmim][PF₆] and [hmim][PF₆], greatly affects the yields. No RTIL degradation products were detected for the reactions in [bdmim][PF₆] and N-butyl-N-trimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquids. For the benzyl alcohol oxidation reaction in the RTIL, N-butyl-N-trimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, benzaldehyde formed did not undergo further oxidation to form benzoic acid, which may be due to the greater hydrophobicity of this RTIL. The competitive reaction kinetics between the alcohol and RTIL component must be considered in the selection of the RTIL solvent system.     

Microwave Assisted Conversion of Oximes and Semicarbazones to Carbonyl Compounds Using Benzyltriphenylphosphonium Peroxymonosulfate

Summary.  Benzyltriphenylphosphonium peroxymonosulfate in the presence of catalytic amounts of bismuth chloride was found to be an efficient and mild reagent for the oxidative cleavage of oximes and semicarbazones to the corresponding carbonyl compounds under microwave irradiation. Corresponding author. E-mail: haji@cc.iut.ac.ir Received March 4, 2002; accepted (revised) April 8, 2002     

Oxidation of Benzylic Alcohols to Carbonyl Compounds with Potassium Permanganate in Ionic Liquids

Abstract

The selective oxidation of primary and secondary benzylic alcohols with potassium permanganate in ionic liquids to give corresponding aldehydes and ketones in 83–97% yields has been described.     

Silica Gel Supported Chromium Trioxide: An Efficient Reagent for Oxidative Cleavage of Oximes to Carbonyl Compounds under Mild Condition

A facile, efficient oxidative deblocking of aldoximes and ketoximes to their corresponding aldehydes and ketones have been achieved by using silica gel supported chromium trioxide.     

Regeneration of Carbonyl Compounds from Oximes and Hydrazones Using Peroxymonosulfate on Silica gel under Solvent-free Conditions

In an environmentally benign solvent-free system, oximes and hydrazones are rapidly transformed into parent carbonyl compounds using peroxymonosulfate on silica gel under microwave irradiation in good to excellent yields.     

Ruthenium Trichloride Catalyzed Highly Efficient Deoximation of Oximes to the Carbonyl Compounds and Nitriles without Acceptors

An acceptor‐free catalysis protocol for the deoximation of ketoximes and aldoximes using RuCl₃ as the catalyst has been developed. Under the optimized conditions, various oximes were converted to ketones and nitriles with excellent isolated yields.     

Preparation of Silyl Ethers Using Hexamethyldisilazane in the Presence of N‐Bromosuccinimide under Mild and Solvent‐Free Conditions

A mild, simple, novel and highly efficient method for the rapid protection of various primary, secondary, tertiary aliphatic and aromatic alcohols using hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) in the presence of N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) as an active, inexpensive, non-toxic and readily available catalyst under solvent-free conditions is described. Trimethylsilyl ethers were prepared in high to excellent yields with short reaction time under mild and almost neutral reaction conditions.     

羟基磷灰石固载路易斯酸催化三糖转化为乳酸酯

采用浸渍法制备了羟基磷灰石(HAP)负载的路易斯酸SnCl2和SnCl4催化剂.它们在三糖在醇溶液中转化为乳酸酯反应中表现出一定的催化活性.在最佳的反应条件下,SnCl2/HAP催化1,3-二羟丙酮在正丁醇溶液中转化为乳酸正丁酯,收率高达73.5%.     

温和条件下Fe（NO3）3／4-OH-TEMPO催化需氧氧化醇制备羰基化合物

以Fe(NO3)3·9H2O为助剂与廉价的有机小分子催化剂 4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-N-氧自由基(4-OH-TEMPO)组成催化体系.考察了该催化剂体系上分子氧驱动的氧化含有C=C, N, O和S杂原子的较宽底物范围的伯醇和仲醇氧化生成相应的醛或酮. 结果表明,该反应可在室温条件下在空气中进行,对目的产物的选择性高. 探讨了Fe(NO3)3/4-OH-TEMPO催化氧化醇的反应机理.     

4‐Benzamido‐TEMPO Catalyzed Oxidation of a Broad Range of Alcohols to the Carbonyl Compounds with NaBrO3 under Mild Conditions

4‐Benzamido‐TEMPO catalyzed oxidation system for conversion of a wide range of alcohols to the aldehydes or ketones with NaBrO₃ under room temperature conditions has been developed. The credible, operationally convenient and economical, and condition mild oxidation protocol is particularly of interest in laboratory and in fine chemicals manufacture.     

N-Methyl Morpholine Chlorochromate: An Efficient Reagent for Oxidation of Primary and Secondary Alcohols to Carbonyl Compounds

Instantaneous generation of N-methyl morpholine chlorochromate (NMMCC) is an efficient reagent for oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl compounds. The comparison of reaction time and product yield was studied with novel NMMCC and other chlorochromate reagents and shows that the presented method requires less reaction time with good yield at laboratory temperature. The synthesis of reagent, formation of toxic and hazardous chromylchloride have been avoided, and also use of NMMCC under microwave irradiation for oxidation leads to fast reaction time and success of the strategy.     

Efficient Oxidation of Benzylic Alcohols with Trichloroisocyanuric Acid and Ionic Liquid in Water

Studies on the stereoselective synthesis of a pyrrolidinoisoquinoline derivative using acyliminium ion cyclization of hydroxylactams are described. Cyclization reaction of chiral hydroxylactams 2a～c, derived from (L)-tartaric acid and phenethylamine, afforded one diastereomer 3 under a variety of acidic conditions in moderate to good yields.     

Chromium Trioxide Supported onto Wet Silica Gel: Rapid Oxidation of Alcohols to Carbonyl Compounds Under Microwave Irradiation in Solventless System

In an environmentally benign system, alcohols are rapidly oxidized to carbonyl compounds using CrO 3 supported onto wet silica gel as an oxidant under microwave irradiation.