BES新测τ轻子质量的物理含意

我们讨论了BES新近测得τ轻子质量的物理含意.预言了τ的寿命值.     

中微子几何混合模型与轻子和重子数产生

在这一报告中将报告我和BABU教授合作的在hep-ph/0507217一文中有关中微子混合研究结果. 目前中微子实验数据所决定的混合角可归结为几何混合状况:sin²θ₁₂=1/3,sin²θ₂₃=1/2, 和sin²θ₁₃=0. 我们在这一工作中建立了能实现这一几何混合的可重整化模型. 模型以非阿贝尔非连续群A₄为描述中微子不同代混合的对称性. 这类模型对中微子质量有很强的限制. 而且能很自然地由轻子数破坏产生重子不对称的实验观测值. 很有趣的是这类模型中出现在轻子不守恒和无中微子双beta衰变中的相位是一样的.     

从正负电子对到τ轻子

 去年正值赵忠尧先生90华诞,他应吴大猷之约赴台访问.中国科学院高能物理所副所长赵维仁 ,陪同前往并受赵老委托,在台湾中研究物理所作了题为《从正负电子对到τ轻子》学术报告,受到热烈欢迎.本刊编辑部征得同意,根据记录整理成文发表,以飨读者.     

磁场和耦合强度对极化子有效质量和平均声子数的影响

应用线性组合算符和幺正变换方法,研究磁场和耦合强度对极化子有效质量和平均声子数的影响.数值计算表明:极化子的有效质量随耦合强度的增加而增加,这是由于耦合强度增加时,电子与晶格振动之间的相互作用增加所致;而磁场强度增加时,有效质量是先增加,达到一个极大值后,再逐渐减少,出现共振现象.平均声子数随耦合强度的增加而增加,当磁场强度大于共振时的磁场强度时,随磁场强度的增加而减少,反之,结论相反.     

ψ‘在介质中的轻子衰变和辐射跃迁

在夸克势模型的框架下,用屏蔽质量与介质温度和密度的关系。研究了ψ‘在热力学介质中的轻子衰变和辐射跃迁。     

e/π识别的dE/dx方法在北京谱仪τ重轻子质量测量中的应用

本文介绍了北京谱仪(BES)主漂移室(MDC)e/π识别的dE/dx方法在τ重轻子质量测量中的应用.该方法的应用使得对τ⁺τ^－衰变产生的“eμ”事例的标记效率,比仅用传统的电磁簇射信息标记时提高了3倍以上.效率的提高不仅减少了事例丢失,还使得为找到同样多的τ⁺τ^－事例所需要的谱仪和对撞机运行时间和数据离线处理所用的计算机CPU时间均减少了～75%.     

原子核双β衰变和轻子数不守恒

 原子核双β衰变实质上是二个单β衰变同时发生的过程,是一个二级弱相互作用过程.原子核单β衰变的一个典型过程是中子衰变为质子,并放出电子和反中微子,即n→p+e^-+（?）_e。自从1914年查德威克测量β衰变的连续谱以来,β衰变的研究一直是原子核物理和粒子物理的重要研究课题之一.我们知道,李政道和杨振宁提出的宇称不守恒定律,就是吴健雄通过原子核的β衰变研究而得到实验证实的.无独有偶的是原子核双β衰变的研究和自然界的另一重要守恒定律--轻子数守恒律是否破坏密切相关.     

τ轻子质量的精密测量

由北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)上取得的τ轻子质量附近12个能量点的数据,筛选出τ轻子到其6个主要衰交道的事例数,用最大似然法双参数拟合得到τ轻子的质量为.与1992年的τ轻子到eμ一个衰变道的测量结果相比,增加了统计量,减小了统计误差,从而提高了精确度.     

ψ′在介质中的轻子衰变和辐射跃迁

在夸克势模型的框架下,用屏蔽质量与介质温度和密度的关系,研究了ψ′在热力学介质中的轻子衰变和辐射跃迁.     

Background Dynamics of Pre-inflationary Scenario in Brans-Dicke Loop Quantum Cosmology

Recently the background independent nonperturbative quantization has been extended to various theories of gravity and the corresponding quantum effective cosmology has been derived, which provides us with necessary avenue to explore the pre-inflationary dynamics. Brans-Dicke (BD) loop quantum cosmology (LQC) is one of such theories whose effective background dynamics is considered in this article. Starting with a quantum bounce, we explore the pre-inflationary dynamics of a universe sourced by a scalar field with the Starobinsky potential in BD-LQC. Our study is based on the idea that though Einstein's and Jordan's frames are classically equivalent up to a conformal transformation in BD theory, this is no longer true after quantization. Taking the Jordan frame as the physical one we explore in detail the bouncing scenario which is followed by a phase of a slow roll inflation. The three phases of the evolution of the universe, namely, bouncing, transition from quantum bounce to classical universe, and the slow roll inflation, are noted for an initially kinetic energy dominated bounce. In addition, to be consistent with observations, we also identify the allowed phase space of initial conditions that would produce at least 60 e-folds of expansion during the slow roll inflation.     

Modified Holographic Ricci Dark Energy in Chameleon Brans–Dicke Cosmology and Its Thermodynamic Consequence

The objective of this paper is to discuss the Chameleon Brans–Dicke gravity with non-minimally matter coupling of scalar field. We take modified Holographic Ricci dark energy model in this gravity with its energy density in interaction with energy density of cold dark matter. We assume power-law ansatz for scale factor and scalar field to discuss potential as well as coupling functions in the evolving universe. These reconstructed functions are plotted versus scalar field and time for different values of power component of scale factor n. We observe that potential and coupling functions represent increasing behavior, in particular, consistent results for a specific value of n. Finally, we have examined validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics and we have observed its validity for all values of n.     

Cosmological constant in the Bianchi type-I-modified Brans-Dicke cosmology

In 1961, Brans and Dicke [1] provided an interesting alternative to general relativity based on Mach’s principle. To understand the reasons leading to their field equations, we first consider homogeneous and isotropic cosmological models in the Brans-Dicke theory. Accordingly we start with the Robertson-Walker line element and the energy tensor of a perfect fluid. The scalar field φ is now a function of the cosmic time only. Then we consider spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type-I-cosmological solutions of modified Brans-Dicke theory containing barotropic fluid. These have been obtained by imposing a condition on the cosmological parameter Λ(φ). Again we try to focus the meaning of this cosmological term and to relate it to the time coordinate which gives us a collapse singularity or the initial singularity. On the other hand, our solution is a generalization of the solution found by Singh and Singh [2]. As far as we are aware, such solution has not been given earlier.     

Brans-Dicke Cosmology–A Generalization in Anisotropic Space-Time Models

The generalized Brans-Dicke (BD) Cosmology has been studied for Bianchi-I, Bianchi-III and Kantowski-Sachs anisotropic space-time models. Solutions have been obtained for radiation-dominated era, stiff matter epoch and other equations of state.     

Gravitational energy in Brans-Dicke cosmological models

The behaviour of gravitational energy and scalar field during the evolution of the universe within the framework of Brans-Dicke theory has been discussed. With help of the Landau-Lifshitz pseudo-tensor for the flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker model, it is found that (i) the total energy of the universe is always zero, (ii) the Brans-Dicke scalar field for all Ω >-0 contributes energy to the negative energy of gravitational field and this gets transferred to the vacuum energy which accelerates the expansion of the universe.     

Scalar Tensor Cosmology With Kinetic,Gauss-Bonnet and Nonminimal Derivative Couplings and Supersymmetric Loop Corrected Potential

We discuss a particular four-dimensional cosmology based on non-minimal scalar tensor theories characterized by a supersymmetric loop corrected potential and a Hubble parameter defined as a function of the scalar field. Power-law solutions are obtained in the FRW background giving rise to acceleratedly expanding universe characterized by a scale factor and a scalar field depending both on the non-minimal coupling parameter $\xi$. Based on SNeIa data and on Hubble data X-ray gas mass fraction measurements, we find $0.116<\xi <0.225$ which results on a universe dominated by vacuum energy.     

Quantum Cosmology with Scalar-Vector and Scalar-Spinor Interactions

The problem of matter creation in the early Universe is considered in terms of quantum cosmology, introducing interactions of the scalar field with the spinor and vector fields of matter.     

The effective potential originating from swampland and the non-trivial Brans-Dicke coupling

The effective vacuum energy density contributed by the non-trivial contortion distribution and the bare vacuum energy density can be viewed as the energy density of the auxiliary quintessence field potential. We find that the negative bare vacuum energy density from string landscape leads to a monotonically decreasing quintessence potential while the positive one from swampland leads to the metastable or stable de Sitter-like potential. Moreover, the non-trivial Brans-Dicke like coupling between the quintessence field and gravitation field is necessary in the latter case.     

Coupling of Brans-Dicke scalar field with Horava-Lifshitz gravity

We look for a Brans-Dicke type generalization of Horava-Lifshitz gravity. It is shown that such a generalization is possible within the detailed balance condition. Classically, the resulting theory reduces in the low energy limit to the usual Brans-Dicke theory with a negative cosmological constant for certain values of parameters. We then consider homogeneous, isotropic cosmology and study the effects of the new terms appearing in the model.     

Higher dimensional global monopole in Brans-Dicke theory

The gravitational field of a higher dimensional global monopole in the context of Brans-Dicke theory of gravity is investigated. The space time metric and the scalar field generated by a global monopole are obtained using the weak field approximation. Finally, the geodesic of a test particle due to the gravitational field of the monopole is studied.