The flute instability of a plasma driven by the electrostatic high-frequency eigenmodes

The dispersion equation of the low-freguency flute instability driven by the high-frequency electrostatic eigenmode excited in a plasma slab is studied. If the amplitude of h.f. mode is small the equation is solved and the explicit formula for the maximum growth rate is obtained. As an example we investigate this problem numerically for a slab with the parabolic density profile. In our model we are able to consider the heating only in the frequency band stretching from the lower hybrid frequency to the electron cyclotron frequency. For this case it follows from our calculation that the danger of the low-frequency disruption of a plasma in the process ofheating is serious.     

Effects of compressibility on the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in Z-pinch implosions

1 IntroductionZ-pinch imploding plasma thin shells formed bygas puffs,cylindrical foils,and wire arrays can radiatehundreds of kilojoules of soft X-rays.They are highefficient and compact devices which have wideapplied prospects,specially,as intense X-ray…     

Radiation guiding in a plasma wave wiggler free-electron laser

The radiation guiding of a plasma wave wiggler free-electron laser (FEL) in the Compton regime was examined. It was found that a Langmuir wave supported by a plasma cylinder acts as a wiggler for the generation of high-frequency coherent radiation when an annular relativistic electron beam passes through it. The radiation mode in the Compton regime tends to be localized close to the radius of the beam. A normal-mode analysis of this process revealed that the growth rate of the instability increases as the square root of the beam current. The treatment presented is restricted to the case where the radial width of the FEL radiation mode is larger than the beam radius, but smaller than the waveguide radius     

稠密等离子体表面不稳定性的入射光偏振态效应

用二维粒子模拟程序研究了相对论强激光和稠密等离子体相互作用引起的表面不稳定。数值模拟表明,在s偏振光作用下,等离子体表面出现了类瑞利泰勒不稳定性。形成的不稳定结构随时间发展进一步深入到等离子体内部,最终使等离子体密度形成分层泡状结构,并向前传播。这种不稳定的产生与初始等离子体密度有密切关系,在高于20倍临界密度等离子体的表面没有明显观察到这种不稳定。在p偏振激光作用下,等离子体表面不能明显地形成这种结构。因此在三维几何结构下,这种等离子体表面不稳定性将呈现各向异性。这种表面不稳定将直接影响高次谐波产生和离子加速效率。     

High-frequency emissions during the propagation of an electron beamin high-density plasma

A relativistic annular electron beam passing through a high-density plasma excites Langmuir waves via Cerenkov interaction. The Langmuir waves are backscattered off ions via nonlinear ion Landau damping. At moderately high amplitudes these waves are parametrically up-converted by the beam into high-frequency electromagnetic radiation, as observed in some recent experiments. A nonlocal theory of this process is developed in a cylindrical geometry. It is seen that the growth rate of the Langmuir wave scales as one-third the power of beam density. The growth rate of parametric instability scales as one-fourth the power of beam density and the square root of beam thickness     

The flute instability of a plasma driven by the electrostatic high-frequency eigenmodes

The stability problem of a plasma immersed in a high frequency field is studied on a simple model. It is supposed that the fundamental h. f. electrostatic eigenmode having the frequency lower than the electron cyclotron frequency is excited in a slab of a cold collisionless magnetized plasma with the symmetrical density profile. The stability of low-frequency short-wavelength flute perturbations is investigated. Averaging over fast time oscillations and by using the WKB method to cope with the problem of the space inhomogeneity we have obtained the expression for the electron drift velocity. Making use of this velocity and quasineutrality condition we have derived the local dispersion equation. It is shown how the growth rate depends on the amplitude of the h. f. mode and that h. f. eigenmodes having the frequency close to the plasma frequency in the middle of the slab can partially stabilize the gravitational flute instability.The authors wish to thank Dr. R.Klíma for helpful discussion.     

柱几何Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性的数值模拟

 给出了柱几何中流体力学方程组及其在数值模拟中采用的计算方法。对二维柱几何Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性进行数值模拟，在线性阶段与线性理论符合得很好；不稳定性增长进入非线性区域的阈值依赖于界面的位置，并且明显不同于平面情况。     

黏性、表面张力和磁场对Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性气泡演化影响的理论分析

采用理论分析的方法考察了磁场中非理想流体中Rayleigh-Taylor(RT)不稳定性气泡的演化过程,在与磁场垂直的平面中,综合考虑流体黏性和表面张力的影响,推导了二维非理想磁流体RT不稳定性气泡运动的控制方程组,给出了不同情况下气泡速度的渐近解和数值解,分析了流体黏性、表面张力和磁场对气泡发展的影响,分析结果表明:流体黏性和表面张力能够降低气泡速度和振幅,即能够抑制RT不稳定性;而磁场对RT不稳定性的影响是由非线性部分引起的,并且磁场非线性部分的方向决定了磁场是促进还是抑制RT不稳定性的发展,     

Dissipative instability under weak beam-plasma coupling in finite magnetic field

Beam-plasma interaction is considered in a model of plasma microwave generator: cylindrical waveguide with thin annular plasma and spatially separated thin annular e-beam. Finite external longitudinal magnetic field and dissipation are assumed. Such a configuration is favorable to trigger a new type of dissipative beam instability with more critical, as compared to conventional, inverse proportional dependence of the growth rate on the dissipation.     

An exact,closed form,solution for the flexural vibration of a thin annular plate having a parabolic thickness variation

An exact, closed form, solution is obtained for the transverse vibrations, with nodal diameters and circles, of a thin annular plate having a parabolic thickness variation. Representative numerical values for the frequency parameter and typical mode shapes are presented for three different combinations of simple boundary conditions. The corresponding exact solution for an aeolotropic annular plate of the same geometry is also presented. Aside from possible design applications, these exact, closed form, data can be used as test cases for assessing the accuracy of various approximate methods of solution. The analysis involves only the powers of the radius and is simpler than that for the constant thickness solution which involves Bessel functions.     

THE THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION OF THz ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES IN A ROD DEGENERATE PLASMA-WAVEGUIDE

By using the Fourier components of dielectric tensor elements of cold collisionless degenerate plasmas, the dispersion relation of electromagnetic waves in a cylindrical metallic waveguide with a degenerate plasma column protected by an annular dielectric layer are obtained. The permissible frequency regions for slow and fast waves in E-mode (TM) are presented. Furthermore, the graph of cutoff frequency versus the radius of plasma column for the fast waves is investigated. In addition, the time growth rate for excitation of symmetric slow E-modes (TM) by a thin annular relativistic electron beam (TAREB) is studied. The graph of time growth rate respect to radius of dielectric layer and accelerating voltage are presented. PACS No. 52.25.     

Fluctuation theorems for dielectrics with periodic boundary conditions

We derive fluctuation theorems for dielectrics with periodic boundary conditions defined by a Bravais lattice in which the configuration of a large number of permanent dipoles in the unit cell is repeated periodically. We use the electrostatic approximation and show that it is essential to consider bounded geometry. We consider in particular geometries adapted to the Ewald summation used in computer calculations, namely ellipsoids, with as special cases a slab and a sphere. The fluctuations depend strongly on the chosen geometry.     

Saturation of relativistic Weibel instability and the formation of stationary current sheets in collisionless plasma

We have studied the features of formation and the possible stationary structures of a self-consistent magnetic field in a relativistic collisionless plasma, which are characteristic of a simple geometry of the Weibel instability that is well known in the nonrelativistic case. The universal condition is established, the growth rate is determined, and the criteria of saturation of the Weibel instability are analyzed for a broad class of anisotropic particle distribution functions (for definiteness, in application to an electron-positron plasma). A nonlinear equation of the Grad-Shafranov type describing the potential current structures is derived and its solutions are analytically studied. Special attention is paid to spatially harmonic, nonlinear current configurations with parameters determined by the properties of the initial homogeneous plasma subject to the Weibel instability. It is demonstrated that the magnetic field energy density in the obtained solutions (both harmonic and nonharmonic) can be comparable with the kinetic energy density of plasma particles.     

Monte Carlo Calculations of XRF Intensities in Annular Arrangements of Radioactive Source,Sample, Cylindrical Collimator and Detector

ABSTRACT

A Monte Carlo (MC) computer program for the calculation of the distribution of characteristic X-ray intensities as a function of the counting geometry is described. The program evaluates the contribution to the intensities of a fluorescent line from each point of the source, sample and detector. The main considerations of the calculation are based on the critical nature of the internal geometry of the main analyzer components within an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometer. The K XRF intensities for the inner and outer radius of the annular-sample and collimator radius were measured. An optimum geometry can be obtained by varying the collimator radius and the detector-sample distance. The results of the calculations show that the intensity distribution of the radioisotope excited fluorescent radiation through annular sample area is strongly dependent on the collimator radius, with a maximum intensity effect with a smaller sample area and with decreasing collimator radius. An investigation of the XRF intensities in the annular sample surface as a function of collimator radius is discussed.     

Rayleigh-Taylor/gravitational instability in dense magnetoplasmas

The Rayleigh-Taylor instability is investigated in a nonuniform dense quantum magnetoplasma. For this purpose, a quantum hydrodynamical model is used for the electrons whereas the ions are assumed to be cold and classical. The dispersion relation for the Rayleigh-Taylor instability becomes modified with the quantum corrections associated with the Fermi pressure law and the quantum Bohm potential force. Numerically, it is found that the quantum speed and density gradient significantly modify the growth rate of RT instability. In a dense quantum magnetoplasma case, the linear growth rate of RT instability becomes significantly higher than its classical value and the modes are found to be highly localized. The present investigation should be useful in the studies of dense astrophysical magnetoplasmas as well as in laser-produced plasmas.     

Viscoresistive g-modes and ballooning

The effect of viscosity on resistive g-modes and ballooning is investigated. Simple magnetized plane slab geometry is employed and a gravitational acceleration modulated along magnetic field lines is introduced in order to simulate toroidal curvature. Both g-mode and ballooning-type growth rates are abtained from the same model in the limits of long and short connection length, respectively. Parallel viscosity is involved in stabilizing these modes at sufficiently high values of the density and plasma size. A threshold for instability is found which scales like na². A cutoff also exists when finite perpendicular viscosity is introduced and combined with sufficiently high magnetic shear.     

几何尺寸对圆对称环域Josephson结的准通量子激发的影响

本文研究几何尺寸对圆对称环域Josephson结的扰动SGE的环形准孤子波解的影响.数值计算结果表明,当圆对称环域结的内半径,r₀=7.5λ_J时,已出现对应于环域结准通量子激发的环形准孤子波解,同时在I-V特性曲线上出现第一零场台阶.零场台阶的范围剧烈地依赖于环域结的内半径r₀和结宽度(αr₀-r₀);然而几何尺寸对环形准孤子波解特性的影响则比较复杂. 关键词：     

二维弹塑性磁流体力学数值模拟

为了研究物质弹塑性对磁驱动实验运动过程、不稳定性发展等的影响,在MDSC2程序的基础上,增加了弹塑性模块,研制了包括弹塑性的磁流体力学程序,并进行了弹塑性项影响的数值模拟和分析。数值模拟表明:没有初始扰动时,弹塑性项几乎不影响套筒内外半径的运动轨迹;有初始扰动时,弹塑性项对磁驱动固体套筒的Rayleigh-Tayor不稳定性有明显的抑制作用。     

Magneticresonant three dimensional kinetic theory of the free electron laser with waveguide cavity

Vlasov kinetic theory of the free electron laser employing waveguide frifting tube and helical pump is presented. Distinct from the former theories this theory has (1) taken into account the 3-d structure of the scattering field; (2) applied the plasma kinetic theory, which is more accurate than the other methods, to analysing the effect of the longitudinal. field; (3) taken account of the influence of the annular structure of the beam. The magnetic resonant effect appearing when the cyclotron frequency of electrons approaches the effective frequency of the magnetic pump is analysed and the growth rate formula in the linear regime derived. Results show that on taking into account the 3-d structure of the field and beam, one cannot arbitrarily choose the radius of the hollow beam, or else within certain range the instability may disappear altogether. Lastly, the equation for determination of the optimum beam radius is given and the possibility of raising growth rate by operating in high order modes shown.     

Finite Larmor radius effect on thermosolutal instability of a plasma in porous medium

The thermosolutal instability of a plasma in porous medium is considered in the presence of finite Larmor radius effect. The finite Larmor radius, stable solute gradient and magnetic field introduce oscillatory modes in the systems which were nonexistent in their absence. For stationary convection, the finite Larmor radius and stable solute gradient have stabilizing effects on the thermosolutal instability in porous medium. In presence of finite Larmor radius effect, the medium permeability has a destabilizing (or stabilizing) effect and the magnetic field has a stabilizing (or destabilizing) effect under certain condition whereas in the absence of finite Larmor radius effect, the medium permeability and the magnetic field have destabilizing and stabilizing effects, respectively, on thermosolutal instability of a plasma in porous medium. The sufficient conditions for nonexistence of overstability are obtained.The financial assistance to Mr. Sunil in the form of Senior Research Fellowship of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi is gratefully acknowledged.