MASS DRIFT FLUCTUATION AND THE SHELL EFFECT IN HEAVY ION COLLISIONS

Master equation is solved numerically for mass drift and fluctuation of three reactions.The driven potential is calculated by means of D.Myers' mass formula plus shell correction.The results indicated that the lack of mass drift in the range of zero to a considerable energy loss in heavy ion collisions could be explained by transport theory.Due to small mass mobility coefficient the mass does not drift considerably during a short time interval.The effect of shell structure in the driven potential is obvious for mass relaxation in low energy loss region.     

Mass Shell and Even-odd Effects in Radiative Capture Reaction

This paper investigates the mass,shell and even-odd effects of the nonstatistical and statistical processes in the radiative nucleon capture reactions.The (n,γ) cross sections for 33 even-neutron target nuclides were studied at En of 0.1 to 3MeV.The results indicate that the nonstatistical capture cross sections do not present any systematically varying pattern with mass number,except for a weak shell effect.The statistical capture cross sections,which depend strongly on the level density,display obvious mass,shell and even-odd effects.The nonstatistical fractions show prominent downward tendency with mass number,as well as the shell effect.     

Natural frequency split estimation for inextensional vibration of imperfect hemispherical shell

In this study, mathematical model of hemispherical shell is introduced using inextensional vibration mode shapes. Adopting energy equations, the natural frequency of the shell is determined by applying Rayleigh's energy method. Further, the vibration for imperfect shell is investigated with point mass elements representing imperfections on the structures. Also, the effects are considered via energy relations, and the split amount of the natural frequencies can be determined. Finally, the influences of point mass are presented by explicit functions for the split of the natural frequency and shifting angle of mode orientation. Based on the proposed model of imperfect shell with multiple point masses, the structure can be expressed as an equivalent single mass model.     

Accurate solution of the Fokker Planck equation and its application to the U+U reaction

We present an accurate solution of the Fokker Planck equation for the U+U problem including shell effects. The pertinence of approximative methods and the influence of nuclear shell effects on the mass distribution are discussed.     

Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance of Cu@Cu2O core-shell nanoparticles: Absorption, Scattering and Luminescence

By co-deposition via RF-Sputtering and RF-PECVD methods and using Cu target and acetylene gas, we prepared Cu@Cu₂O core-shell nanoparticles on the a-C:H thin film at room temperature. Mie absorption of Cu cores, scattering from Cu₂O shell and luminescence that rises from carrier transfer in Cu@Cu₂O interface were employed to fit the whole range of visible extinction spectrum of these core-shells. From simulation it was found that scattering and luminescence have an important effect on the energy, width and shape of LSPR absorption peak. Shift of LSPR peak is more affected by the dielectric coefficient of shell than Cu core size particularly for Cu core diameter above 4 nm. Also, the LSPR absorption peak is damped by decreasing Cu core size and dielectric coefficient of shell. The energy of LSPR absorption peak is independent of shell thickness and host dielectric coefficient. The LSPR peak is damped by increasing shell thickness and host dielectric coefficient too. The scattering contribution in extinction spectra was affected more by shell size than dielectric coefficient. These points are important for detection techniques based on LSPR peak.     

弓形折流板换热器中折流板对换热器性能的影响

本文采用Bell-Delaware换热器设计方法研究了传统弓形折流板换热器加热轻油时在不同管束排列角度下,改变换热器壳侧折流板间距以及改变折流板的窗口高度对管壳式换热器的壳体内径、换热管数目、壳侧换热系数及壳侧压降的影响.     

基于Weizsäcker-Skyrme核质量公式研究原子核基态性质

基于一个半经验的原子核宏观 微观质量公式——Weizsäcker-Skyrme质量公式, 研究了原子核的形变、 滴线、 壳能隙和超重核α衰变能等相关性质, 发现该模型能较好地再现实验结果。与此同时, 探索了原子核对称能系数对原子核质量公式的影响和超重稳定岛的可能位置。     

爆炸作用驱动液体抛撒初始阶段数值仿真

 针对灭火战斗部引战配合设计,研究爆炸作用驱动液体（水基灭火剂）抛撒初始阶段的特性。依据典型灭火战斗部的结构建立数值仿真模型,采用LS-DYNA软件进行仿真计算,分别获得了加载系数（驱动装药与液体的质量比）对壳体破裂时间和壳体破裂初期液体/空气界面运动速度的影响规律,以及液体/空气界面后续的运动特性。进行了同条件下爆炸驱动水基灭火剂抛撒实验,得到了不同加载系数条件下壳体破裂初期液体/空气界面的运动速度。实验结果与数值仿真结果吻合良好,表明所采用的数值仿真方法具有正确性和有效性,对相关问题的研究具有重要参考价值。     

径向声子晶体隔声特性*

该文构造了由两种匀质材料交替分布的径向声子晶体柱壳模型。首先,针对声波在其中的轴对称传播情况进行了理论分析,建立了声波由内向外传播的传递矩阵,进而导出了声压透射系数和隔声量表达式。采用数值分析的方法系统地讨论了径向声子晶体柱壳的隔声特性,并与单一材质柱壳的传播规律进行对比分析,其次,借助有限元仿真分析的手段对数值结果进行了验证。最后,详细分析了内外流体的特性阻抗对径向声子晶体柱壳隔声特性的影响,得到了相应的参数影响规律。研究表明,径向声子晶体柱壳存在声波带隙,导致其在带隙范围内的隔声效果远远优于单材质柱壳,并且该结构的固有特性突破了质量定律的限制;声波带隙内表面局域态现象出现与否由内外声场和结构场共同决定。     

Fusion hindrance and roles of shell effects in superheavy mass region

We present the first attempt of systematically investigating the effects of shell correction energy for a dynamical process, which includes fusion, fusion–fission and quasi-fission processes. In the superheavy mass region, for the fusion process, shell correction energy plays a very important role and enhances the fusion probability when the colliding partner has a strong shell structure. By analyzing the trajectory in three-dimensional coordinate space with the Langevin equation, we reveal the mechanism of the enhancement of the fusion probability caused by ‘cold fusion valleys’. The temperature dependence of shell correction energy is considered.     

Thermal quenching of electronic shells and channel competition in cluster fission

Experimental and theoretical studies of fission of doubly charged Li, Na, and K clusters in the low-fissility regime reveal the strong influence of electronic shell effects on the fission products. The electronic entropy controls the quenching of the shell effects and the competition between magic-fragment channels, leading to a transition from favored channels of higher mass symmetry to the asymmetric channel involving the trimer cation at elevated temperatures.     

Microscopic transport theory of heavy-ion collisions

Analytical expressions for the diffusion coefficients for the transfer of neutrons and protons in a heavy-ion collision are derived. The mass diffusion coefficient implied by these two coefficients is compared with previous theoretical calculations and the values extracted from experiment for a variety of systems. Drift coefficients are related to the diffusion coefficients and the driving potential by the usual Einstein relations. On approximating the driving potential by a second-order form, the Fokker-Planck equation is solved analytically by the moment expansion method. A comparison of the predictions of this theory with a variety of recent experimental data gives generally good agreement. Thus we conclude that the experimental data currently available can be interpreted in purely statistical terms. Some deviations between theory and experiment indicate a possible influence of shell effects and/or direct transfer processes in the early stages of the reaction.     

三七不同部位成分的谱学性质研究

采用不同溶剂提取了三七的不同部位,即提取三七皮和芯的化学成分,通过研究提取液的紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis),傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、荧光光谱(FS)、电喷雾离子质谱(ESI-MS)及高效液相色谱(HPLC),寻找谱学特征与其化学成分的相关性,从化学成分的角度解释了三七皮与芯的药理效应差异的可能原因。     

Mass Defect in the Noncommutative Schwarzschild Space-Time

In this paper we investigate the mass defect and other gravitational effects in noncommutative Schwarzschild space-time obtained by considering particles as smeared objects. The effects of space-time noncommutativity on mass defect of a test particle and a homogeneous spherical shell are calculated. The NC corrections to gravitational redshift, and light-speed in Schwarzschild field are briefly discussed. The results show that the NC corrections have weakening action on these gravitational effects comparing with those in commutative cases.     

Fractal dimension study of polaron effects in cylindrical GaAs/AlxGa1−xAs core–shell nanowires

Polaron effects in cylindrical GaAs/Al_xGa_1−xAs core–shell nanowires are studied by applying the fractal dimension method. In this paper, the polaron properties of GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs core–shell nanowires with different core radii and aluminum concentrations are discussed. The polaron binding energy, polaron mass shift, and fractal dimension parameter are numerically determined as functions of shell width. The calculation results reveal that the binding energy and mass shift of the polaron first increase and then decrease as the shell width increases. A maximum value appears at a certain shell width for different aluminum concentrations and a given core radius. By using the fractal dimension method, polaron problems in cylindrical GaAs/Al_xGa_1-xAs core–shell nanowires are solved in a simple manner that avoids complex and lengthy calculations.     

Mass differences and neutron pairing in Ca,Sn and Pb isotopes

Various estimates of the even-odd effect of the mass shell of atomic nuclei are considered.Based on the experimental mass values of the Ca,Sn,and Pb isotopes,the dependence of the energy gap on the neutron number is traced and the relationship of this characteristic to the properties of external neutron subshells is shown.In nuclei with closed proton shells,effects directly related to neutron pairing and effects of nucleon shells are discussed.     

Level densities of heaviest nuclei

The intrinsic level densities of superheavy nuclei in the α-decay chains of ^296,298,300120 are calculated using the single-particle spectra obtained with the modified two-center shell model. The role of the shell and pairing effects on the level density as well as their quenching with excitation energy are studied. The extracted level density parameter is expressed as a function of mass number, ground-state shell correction, and excitation energy. The results are compared with the phenomenological values of level density parameters used to calculate the survival of excited heavy nuclei.