室内空气中挥发性有机化合物污染及检测方法

室内空气中挥发性有机污染物的释放严重影响了室内空气质量,本文较详细的叙述了这些有机污染物的来源、种类及处理方法等,并对空气中VOCs的采集和检测方法作以介绍,阐述了不同机制的热解吸仪与气相色谱联用时的优缺点及其应用．     

大气环境中挥发性有机化合物的测定

 参考美国环保局大气中挥发性有机化合物 (VOCs)的标准分析方法TO14A和TO15 ,采用预浓缩器与气相色谱联用 ,以质谱或氢火焰离子化检测器检测 ,建立了 5 6种VOCs(主要是臭氧前体物 )的快速分析方法。该方法在同一台仪器上采用单柱、单检测器 ,准确测定了高浓度CO2 下的VOCs。方法检出限为 0 1μg·m-3 ,相对标准偏差(RSD)为 2 5 7%～ 9 82 %。用该法分析了实际大气样品中的VOCs,结果令人满意。     

土壤中挥发性有机化合物的GC-MS测定

利用气相色谱－质谱联用技术，对某废弃化工厂原厂区及附近农田的土壤中可能存在的60种挥发性有机化合物进行了定性和定量分析；采用质量保证和质量控制步骤对分析结果进行监测，结果令人满意。     

环境中挥发性有机化合物检测方法的研究进展

对环境中的挥发性有机化合物检测研究进展,包括挥发性有机化合物的定义、来源、危害、采样方法及分析方法进行了全面的介绍。对气相色谱检测法(GC)、气相色谱-质谱联用检测法(GC-MS)、高效液相色谱检测法(HPLC)、光谱分析法和气体传感器技术等对VOCs的检测及应用进行了重点介绍。     

卷烟主流烟气中挥发性和半挥发性有机化合物的检测方法

正申请公布号:CN107561182A申请公布日:2018.01.09申请人:中国烟草总公司北京市公司摘要本发明公开了一种卷烟主流烟气中挥发性和半挥发性有机化合物的检测方法,属于卷烟烟气分析检测技术领域。该检测方法步骤包括:(1)使待测卷烟主流烟气依次通     

成都市农业土壤重金属污染特征初步研究

对成都市农业土壤中七种重金属元素Pb、Hg、Cr、As、Cu、Zn和Cd进行了测定和研究,并进行了潜在生态风险评价。结果表明,成都市农业土壤重金属元素含量分别为:Pb 77.27mg/kg,Hg 0.31 mg/kg,Cr 59.50 mg/kg,As 11.27 mg/kg,Cu 42.52 mg/kg,Zn 227.00 mg/kg,Cd0.36 mg/kg;重金属潜在的生态危害因子表明,Hg和Cd达到中等生态危害程度,Pb、As、Cu、Zn、Cr达到轻微生态危害;多种重金属的生态系统的潜在生态风险指数(RI)表明,成都市农业土壤生态危害级别为中等生态危害。     

人体呼出气中挥发性有机化合物的检测方法

呼出气检测作为一种潜在的新型临床检测手段受到广泛关注。本文详细综述了人体呼出气中挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的各类检测方法和技术,分别对色谱法、质谱法和光谱及传感器法的原理、特点和最新研究进展进行了介绍,对照总结了目前已确定的异戊二烯、丙酮等疾病生物标志物的各种分析方法和实测数据,并展望了未来的研究动向。     

GC/MS方法测定地下水中挥发性有机化合物

利用气相色谱—质谱联用技术，对化工厂附近井水中可能存在的挥发性有机化合物进行了定性和定量分析。对试样的存放时间和吹扫捕集试验条件进行了优化，采用自动进样吹扫捕集方法进行测定，得到满意结果。     

气候箱法测定人造板中挥发性有机化合物的检出限探讨

<正>我国人造板的生产量和消费量居世界首位,室内家具大部分是由人造板加工而成,家具中释放出来的挥发性有机化合物是室内空气污染的主要来源之一^[1]。其中,苯、甲苯、二甲苯是人造板挥发性有机化合物中最常见的组分,短时间内会引起机体免疫功能失调,使人出现恶心、胸闷、头晕等症状,长期会引起严重的疾病,如癌症、白血病、孕妇胎儿畸形等^[2-3]。     

P&T-GC-MS法测定饮用水中挥发性有机化合物

饮用水中的挥发性有机物一直是环境科学研究的重要课题.但目前国内尚无统一的标准方法,因这些有机化合物极易挥发,用通常的溶剂萃取方法进行分析不容易得到准确的结果,现已普遍采用商业化的吹扫捕集装置进行预处理.通常这种装置是外接表头手动压力控制来实现,本文主要介绍在我们实验基础上,采用1种新的连接方式,实现了吹扫捕集装置与GC-MS联用仪的全自动恒流控制,用这种方法对饮用水中挥发性有机化合物进行测定,并对实验方法和分析结果加以讨论.     

饮用水中挥发性有机物(VOCs)的GC-MS分析

用顶空－毛细管气相色谱－质谱联用仪测定了北京主要区域的自来水,北京目前市场销售的瓶装饮用水（包括天然矿泉水,纯净水等）中２３种挥发性有机物（ＶＯＣｓ）（包括有机氯化物,有机溴代物及苯系物等）的浓度,并与其它城市（如天津,上海,兰州等地）的自来水中ＶＯＣｓ的浓度进行了比较,结果表明北京市区内自来水及大多数市售瓶瓶饮用水中ＶＯＣｓ含量很低。     

Microanalysis of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Water Samples – Methods and Instruments

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment, are particularly important pollutants. Some of these compounds are mutagens, teratogens or carcinogens, while others are responsible for the degradation of organoleptic parameters such as taste and odour of water. This review focuses on a number of key procedural steps in the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in water samples. A wide spectrum of techniques for the isolation and preconcentration of the aforementioned pollutants for trace organic analysis by gas chromatography are presented and discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are discussed and novel developments are also taken into consideration.     

Recent Advances of Beta Zeolite in the Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs) Elimination by the Catalytic Oxidations

Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) have become one of the most serious threats to human health and eco-environment due to their volatility, toxicity and diffusivity, etc. Catalytic completely oxidation had been regarded as a highly efficient strategy for the VOCs abatement. Metal or metal oxides supported on zeolite have been considered as superior catalysts for the treatment of VOCs. Among them, Beta zeolites have attracted many attentions due to their unique structure and consequently catalytic properties in the oxidation of VOCs. The progresses and developments made in the understanding and design of Beta zeolites-based catalysts in the completely oxidation of VOCs in the past two decades have been systematically summarized in this review.     

Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) at Room Temperature Using Dielectric Barrier Discharge and Plasma-Catalysis

Non-thermal plasma (NTP) was produced in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor for degradation of acetaldehyde and benzene, respectively. The effect of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) chemical structure on the reaction was investigated. In addition, acetaldehyde was removed in different background gas. The results showed that, no matter in nitrogen, air or oxygen, NTP technology always exhibited high acetaldehyde removal efficiency at ambient temperature. However, it also caused some toxicity by-product such as NOx and ozone. Meanwhile, some intermediates such as acetic acid, amine and nitromethane were formed and resulted in low carbon dioxide selectivity. To solve above problems, Co–OMS-2 catalysts were synthesized and combined with plasma. It was found that, the introduction of catalysts improved VOCs removal efficiency and inhibited by-product formation of plasma significantly. The plasma-catalysis system was operated in a recycling experiment to investigate its stability. The acetaldehyde removal efficiency can be kept at 100 % in the whole process. However, slight deactivation in ozone control was observed at the later stage of the experiment, which may be ascribed to deposition of VOCs on the catalysts surface and reduction of catalysts surface area.     

挥发性有机物的气相光解及光催化降解研究

研究了三氯乙烯、丙酮、苯、甲苯、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、四氯化碳的气相光解及光催化反应,对反应过程中反应物及CO2的浓度进行了定量监测。结果表明,在253.7nm的紫外灯光照射下,三氯乙烯可迅速被光解,反应产生CO2;甲苯和丙酮蒸气也可以被光解,但不产生CO2;在空气介质中,除CCl4外,其它几种有机物均可被光催化降解。     

Adsorption of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) on Oxygen-rich Porous Carbon Materials Obtained from Glucose/Potassium Oxalate

To investigate the effects of oxygen-containing functional groups on the adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with different polarity, oxygen-rich porous carbon materials (OPCs) were synthesized by heat treatment of glucose/potassium oxalate material. The carbon material had a large specific surface area (1697 m² g⁻¹) and a high oxygen content (18.95 at.%). OPC exhibited high adsorption capacity of toluene (309 mg g⁻¹) and methanol (447 mg g⁻¹). The specific surface area and total pore volume determined the adsorption capacity of toluene and methanol at the high-pressure range, while the oxygen-containing groups became the main factor affecting the methanol adsorption at the low-pressure range due to the hydrogen bond interaction through the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This study provides an important hint for developing a novel O-doped adsorbent for the VOCs adsorption applications and analyzing the role of oxygen-containing groups in the VOCs adsorption under the low-pressure range.     

Monitoring and Evolution of the Pollution by Volatile Organic Compounds (Vocs) in the Groundwaters of The Najerilla River Basin (Spain)

VOCs were detected and identified in the water of several wells in the area of Nájera (La Rioja). The past uncontrolled spills from an important painting and varnishing industry and from other smaller ones devoted to the manufacture of furniture and varnishing activities were the sources of the VOCs plume detected in this aquifer. This article shows the results obtained in the monitoring and assessment of the pollution at 18 sampling points for more than a year. It has allowed us to study the evolution of the different pollutants and the influence of a remediation process applied by the company in the main pollution source. The analytical method is based on headspace-solid-phase microextraction (SPME) using a 75-μm carboxen-polydimethylsiloxane fibre. Quantification was carried out by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. This method has allowed us to determine the 13 VOCs identified in the polluted underground samples providing good sensitivity (LOD between 0.1 and 6.0 ng/mL) and reproducibility (r.s.d. less than 10%).     

CeO2-Y2O3涂层和负载型Pd催化剂催化燃烧VOCs

制备了一种粘附在堇青石蜂窝陶瓷载体上的CeO_2-Y_2O_3(CeY)复合氧化物新涂层.以二氧化铈和柠檬酸钇为前驱体,制备过程中无有害物质产生,对环境友好.CeY涂层和Pd/CeY催化剂通过SEM、EDX、XRF和Raman光谱等表征.结果表明,此涂层的粘结强度高,对活性组分的吸附性能好,适合用来负载钯催化剂.Y_2O_3大部分进入了峰窝陶瓷的孔道内,CeO_2和Pd物种则富集在载体的表面.以CO、甲苯和乙酸乙酯的催化燃烧来评价Pd/CeY催化剂的性能,此催化剂具有较好的催化活性和热稳定性.500℃焙烧的催化剂,CO、甲苯和乙酸乙酯的T_(99)(转化率99%以上所需的最低反应温度)分别为150、220和310℃;1050℃焙烧的催化剂,它们的T_(99)分别为180、250和330℃.高温焙烧的催化剂,活性物种PdO的晶粒增大,这可能导致催化剂的活性下降.