大跨度叠合梁斜拉桥多维多点非平稳随机地震响应分析

为研究地震动非平稳特性对大跨度叠合梁斜拉桥随机地震响应的影响,采用绝对位移求解的虚拟激励法在通用有限元软件中对某座叠合梁斜拉桥进行多维多点非平稳随机地震响应分析.研究结果表明:采用绝对位移求解的虚拟激励法,能在通用有限元软件中高效地实现对大跨度叠合梁斜拉桥多维多点非平稳随机地震响应分析;设计中假定地震动平稳性,得到的结果偏于保守;行波效应对大跨度叠合梁斜拉桥结构响应有显著影响,考虑行波效应对主塔塔顶位移和塔底内力是有利的,但应注意其对主梁跨中位移和内力的不利影响.     

一维六方准晶简支梁的自由振动

采用不同高阶剪切变形理论研究一维六方准晶梁的自由振动问题,应用哈密顿原理,推导了一维六方准晶梁的自由振动控制微分方程.采用Navier法获得了一维六方准晶简支梁自由振动的精确解,并将不考虑相位子场所求解结果与已有解进行比较,验证求解结果的有效性.最后研究材料尺度对一维六方准晶梁固有频率的影响.     

微分求积法求解悬臂L梁固有振动特性研究北大核心CSCD

悬臂L梁结构由于具有柔性大、可设计性强、空间利用充分,振动过程中变形方式多样等独特优势而受到了广泛的关注与研究.该文提出了一种基于微分求积法求解末端附加质量块的矩形等截面均质悬臂细长L梁的各阶固有频率和模态的方法.在双坐标系下,基于Euler-Bernoulli梁理论建立了悬臂L梁的动力学方程,然后通过选取Chebyshev多项式的根作为节点坐标、选取Lagrange插值基函数、求解各阶权系数、处理边界条件等步骤,最终利用求解矩阵广义特征值问题的方法求得结构各阶固有频率及模态.在边界条件的处理上,直接将边界条件施加于边界点上,通过对比研究验证了该文固有频率理论解的正确性.最后分析了末端质量、内外梁的长度比、宽度、厚度对各阶固有振动特性的影响.该方法可以进一步应用推广到相关结构振动的研究中.     

常微分方程的级数解法探源

级数法是求解常微分方程最有效的方法之一.牛顿是第一位真正开始求解微分方程的数学家,级数法是其采用的第一种求解方法.在研读牛顿的微积分论文《流数法与无穷级数》基础上,探讨级数法形成的根源,揭示其思想方法对今日微分方程课程教与学的启迪作用以及对创立和发展微分方程学科的重要理论意义.     

功能梯度梁在热-机械荷载作用下的几何非线性分析

基于经典梁理论，运用虚功原理和变分法推导了均匀变温场与横向均布荷载联合作用的功能梯度梁的几何非线性控制方程.考虑端部不可移夹紧边界条件，运用打靶法求解了该两点边值问题.当横向均布荷载为0时，考察了功能梯度梁的热屈曲临界升温和屈曲平衡路径.当均匀变温与横向均布荷载都不为0时，考察了功能梯度梁的荷载 挠度曲线.数值结果表明:随材料体积分数指数增加，梁的有量纲热屈曲临界升温显著减小，后屈曲变形显著增加；变温对功能梯度梁的荷载 挠度曲线影响非常显著.发现了功能梯度梁的双稳态构形及其转换现象，梁的最终平衡位形不但与变温及荷载参数有关，还与加载历程有关.     

拟弧长延拓法在静电激励MEMS吸合特性研究中的应用

在静电激励微机电系统MEMS(micro-electro-mechanical systems)吸合特性研究中,基于应变梯度理论的微梁结构的控制方程是非线性高阶微分方程,给方程的求解带来了困难.由于该问题的数学模型本质上是分叉问题,方程的解支上出现奇异点,而运用局部延拓法无法通过奇异点.因此,通过运用广义微分求积法将控制方程降阶离散,结合拟弧长延拓法使迭代顺利通过奇异点,求出了整个解曲线.结果表明,拟弧长延拓法能有效并准确地求解具有分叉现象的高阶微分方程问题,为精确预测静电激励MEMS的吸合电压提供有力帮助.     

基于混合算法的实时订货信息下的车辆调度优化

实时订货信息下的车辆调度是随机性车辆调度中货物需求量、需求点均不确定的情况下的车辆调度.针对该问题,本文构建了配送总成本最小的目标函数,提出了采用混合算法求解的思路.即以局部搜索法求得初始解,采用遗传算法优化初始解,并在送货时间更新后,利用禁忌搜索法求解速度快的特点改进调度方案,得到订货信息不断更新的条件下的车辆调度方案.通过实例分析,本方法既可解决电子商务条件下实时订货的车辆调度问题,也具有求解结果可靠、求解过程快速的特点.     

末端质量作用下变长度轴向运动梁的振动特性

对带集中质量,变长度(或速度)轴向运动梁的振动特性采用两种精确方法求解.首先,对变长度轴向运动Euler(欧拉)梁横向自由振动方程进行化简,通过复模态分析得到本征方程,并在有集中质量的边界条件下得到频率方程,用数值方法求解固有频率和模态函数.然后,采用有限元方法建立运动梁自由振动的方程,求解矩阵方程得到复特征值和复特征向量,结合形函数得到复模态位移.最后,将两种方法的计算结果进行了分析和对比.数值算例的结果表明:不同的轴向运动速度和集中质量对变长度轴向运动梁的振动特性有显著影响,两种计算方法的结果接近且均有效.     

几何对称法在求取某些区域格林函数中的应用

格林函数法是数学物理方程中一种常用的方法,适用于求解狄利克雷问题.针对几种特殊区域上的上狄利克雷问题,采用几何对称法求取这些区域对应的格林函数,该方法对于该区域上格林函数的求解是有效的.     

基于模态自适应的大变形多体系统动力学分析

柔性大变形系统在进行模态降阶时，若模态选取不当，会影响求解精度甚至导致求解结果发散.对此，提出了基于绝对节点坐标法(ANCF)的柔性大变形系统模态自适应选择方法.通过ANCF梁单元建立系统的动力学模型；利用全模态稀疏表示内部区域的坐标；根据Latin超立方抽样构建采样矩阵，作用于动力学方程，以减少方程的数量；以采样后的动力学方程作为约束，构造模态坐标范数优化问题；求解优化问题可以得到具有重大贡献的模态.通过两个实例表明：数值计算结果与常用方法的结果高度吻合并且求解效率显著提升.     

翘曲空间曲线梁自然坐标精确解

基于现有空间曲线梁理论,考虑与扭转有关的翘曲变形和横向剪切变形的影响,建立了自然标架下空间曲线梁的内力和变形的解析解答．将该解答应用于受均布扭矩和竖向分布荷载的平面曲线梁的分析,将所得结果与Heins解答进行比较,证明了理论的正确．并应用该理论分析了解析式中翘曲和横向剪切变形项的影响．     

用Adomian分解法求解分数阻尼梁的解析解

利用Adomian分解法, 得到了由任意阶分数微分描述的具有阻尼特性的黏弹性连续梁的解析解．解中包含了任意的初始条件和零输入．为了更明确的分析, 假定初始条件是奇次的,输入受力是针对某种特定梁的特殊过程．分别考虑了两种简单情况下梁的响应:阶跃激励和脉冲激励．然后在系统的不同组参数条件下绘制了梁的位移图,并且讨论了梁在不同微分阶数下响应情况．     

矩形截面梁中波传播的精确分析

将傅立叶级数方法推广应用于矩形截面梁中波传播的精确分析．不仅试着直接从三维弹性动力学方程出发,导出了矩形截面梁中波传播的一般解析解,而且给出了弹性波在自由矩形截面梁中的传播特性．波传播精确模型的提出,为实现梁波的耦合控制奠定了坚实基础．     

Analytical solution considering the tangential effect for an infinite beam on a viscoelastic Pasternak foundation

In this study, the dynamic response of an infinite beam resting on a Pasternak foundation subjected to inclined travelling loads was developed in the form of the analytical solution wherein the tangential effect between the beam and foundation and the damping were taken into consideration. Three parameters were used to model the mechanical resistance of the viscoelastic Pasternak foundation, one of them accounts for the compressive stress in the soil, the other accounts for the shearing effect of soils, and the last one accounts for the damping of the foundation. By contrast, the Pasternak model is more realistic than the Winkler model that just considers the compressive resistance of soil. In the paper, the tangential effect between the beam and foundation was simulated by a series of separate horizontal springs, the damping was also considered to obtain the dynamic response under forced vibration. The theory of elasticity and Newton's laws were used to derive the governing equation. To simplify the partial-differential equation to an algebraic equation, the double Fourier transformation was used wherein the analytical solution in the frequency domain for the dynamic response of the beam is obtained. And its inversion was adopted to convert the integral representation of the solution into the time domain. The degraded solution was then utilized to verify the validity of the proposed solution. Finally, the Maple mathematical software was used for further discussion. The solution proposed in this study can be a useful tool for practitioners.     

电场作用下压电层合梁的分析

利用压电介质的二维本构关系,推导出带有上、下压电激励器的弹性梁在电场作用下的位移,应力分布的解析表达式,得到了压电激励器对弹性梁的等效作用力,最后给出了带有上,下压电激励的弹性梁在一端固支或两端简支边界条件下的算例。     

Closed-form solution considering the tangential effect under harmonic line load for an infinite Euler–Bernoulli beam on elastic foundation

The dynamic response of an infinite Euler–Bernoulli beam resting on an elastic foundation, which considers the tangential interaction between the beam and foundation under harmonic line loads, is developed in this study in the form of a closed-form solution. Previous studies have focused on elastic Winkler foundations, wherein the tangential interaction between the bottom of the beam and the foundation is not considered. In this study, a series of separate horizontal springs is diverted to the contact surface between the foundation and beam to simulate the horizontal tangential effect. The horizontal spring reaction is assumed proportional to the relative tangential displacement. As the geometric equation and linear-elastic constitutive equation of beam under the condition of small deformation have been presented based on the basic principle of elasticity mechanics, the analysis model is built and the governing differential equations about normal and tangential deflections of beam are deduced. Double Fourier transformation and the residue theorem are used to derive the closed-form solution to this problem. The proposed solution is then validated by comparing the degraded solution with the known results and comparing the numerical solution with the analytical solution. We also discuss the case in which the load direction is not vertical to the beam. Results can be used as a reference for engineering design.     

中心刚体-外Timoshenko梁系统的建模与分岔特性研究

对于中心刚体固结悬臂梁系统,当不考虑梁剪应力(即Euler-Bernoulli梁)影响时,匀速转动梁的平凡解是稳定的。而对于深梁,有必要考虑剪应力(即Timoshenko梁)的影响,此时其匀速转动平凡解将出现拉伸屈曲。为此采用广义Hamilton变分原理建立了中心刚体固结Timoshenko梁这类刚-柔耦合系统的非线性动力学模型,应用数值方法研究了匀速转动Timoshenko梁非线性系统的分岔特性,以及失稳的临界转速。     

关于非均匀变截面梁阶梯折算法的极限

本文讨论叶开沅教授提出的计算非均匀变截面梁的阶梯折算法.并证明了如下结论:用这个方法得出的近似解,当阶梯数趋于无穷时趋于真解.不过极限解和真解之间差别的度量不是纯数学意义的而是在力学意义下的.     

Recovering Beam Search: Enhancing the Beam Search Approach for Combinatorial Optimization Problems

A hybrid heuristic method for combinatorial optimization problems is proposed that combines different classical techniques such as tree search procedures, bounding schemes and local search. The proposed method enhances the classic beam search approach by applying to each partial solution corresponding to a node selected by the beam, a further test that checks whether the current partial solution is dominated by another partial solution at the same level of the search tree. If this is the case, the latter solution becomes the new current partial solution. This step allows to partially recover from previous wrong decisions of the beam search procedure and can be seen as a local search step on the partial solution. We present here the application to two well known combinatorial optimization problems: the two-machine total completion time flow shop scheduling problem and the uncapacitated p-median location problem. In both cases the method strongly improves the performances with respect to the basic beam search approach and is competitive with the state of the art heuristics.     

环形梁塑性动力响应特性研究

本文采用刚塑性假设,对环形悬臂梁在自由端受一刚性质量径向冲击时的塑性动力响应问题进行了分析与研究.给出了质点响应速度与移动塑性铰位置间的精确表达式,并由此发现了环形梁塑性动力响应的一些特殊性质.