自然对流情形下激光辐照液体贮箱的尺度律

根据质量守恒、动量守恒及能量守恒原理,建立了自然对流情形下激光辐照液体贮箱的理论模型。通过方程分析法,导出了该问题的尺度律,在此基础上给出了激光辐照液体贮箱的缩比方法,并对一组实例进行了数值计算,得到了缩比模型与原型结果完全相似的结论,模拟结果证明了该问题尺度律的成立。为验证理论模型与数值求解的正确性,本文还针对小尺度模型进行了实验研究,数值模拟结果与实验测量结果符合较好,表明理论模型可靠有效。     

自然对流情形下激光辐照液体贮箱的机理

利用激光辐照靶目标时,被辐照部位可能是液体贮箱。通过实验测量与数值模拟的紧密结合,揭示了液体处于自然对流状态时激光辐照下贮箱侧壁温升及液体速度场的演化规律。结果表明：激光辐照初期,铝板中心温升率较高;随着壁面附近液体温度的升高,光斑附近速度边界层内的最大流速增大,传热强度亦增大,导致铝板温升率降低;当铝板吸收的激光能量能够基本被水的对流带走时,铝板中心的温升率趋于零。     

激光辐照下高反射镜热变形问题的尺度律

基于热力解耦的热弹性模型,采用常用假设,通过方程分析法,导出了激光辐照下高反射镜热变形问题的尺度律。同时,还发现了对同一模型,当其他条件不变时,变形、温升、应力与激光功率密度之间具有线性关系。数值结果证明了该问题尺度律的成立及线性关系的正确性。该结论是利用缩比模型研究大尺寸反射镜在激光辐照下的热变形问题的依据,且为解决缩比模型设计、辐照条件设计和模型实验数据反推到原型等相关问题提供了参考准则。     

激光辐照下高反射镜热变形问题的尺度律

基于热力解耦的热弹性模型,采用常用假设,通过方程分析法,导出了激光辐照下高反射镜热变形问题的尺度律。同时,还发现了对同一模型,当其他条件不变时,变形、温升、应力与激光功率密度之间具有线性关系。数值结果证明了该问题尺度律的成立及线性关系的正确性。该结论是利用缩比模型研究大尺寸反射镜在激光辐照下的热变形问题的依据,且为解决缩比模型设计、辐照条件设计和模型实验数据反推到原型等相关问题提供了参考准则。     

小尺寸传热面对磁性液体的强化自然对流换热

1引言磁性液体（MagneticFlu问是将超细的纳米级铁磁微粒稳定弥散于水、煤油、氟里昂等不同基液中而制成的胶体溶液．不同材料的超微粒子有着广泛的技术应用，如军用飞行器的隐身材料、固体火箭的高能添加剂、新型高效催化剂和高性能磁性材料等等．而用其制成的磁液在工业上有着更为广泛的应用，因而日、美、俄、英等国均已投入巨资，在这一领域进行竞争，其成果已经投入工业应用。根据1992年的统计，有关磁液的公开技术报告和论文已达到5000余篇，专利超过2100项l‘，‘］，有关产业的年产值已超过一亿美元K‘］磁液的应用非常广泛，归纳…     

激光加热液体薄膜的演示

介绍用干涉方法定性观察激光加热液体薄膜的实验，该实验仪器简单，操作方便。     

3ω法研究微尺度下铂丝自然对流换热

建立了测量微细丝表面空气自然对流换热系数3ω法模型。利用3ω法测量了直径为10.6μm水平和垂直方向铂丝表面室温下的空气换热系数。水平和垂直铂丝产生的三次谐波比较接近,结果说明,微尺度下空气的自然对流换热以导热为主,自然对流作用可以忽略。基于3ω线法原理,引入形状因子并提出了微尺度下铂丝表面换热系数的理论计算模型。空气自然对流换热系数远大于大尺度下的值,主要原因是铂丝的面积体积比值大。     

基于Ansys Icepak自然散热仿真分析的某汇流箱结构优化

自然对流散热方式具有可靠性高、免维护、稳定性高、无噪音、无功耗等优点,越来越多地被用于恶劣环境条件下的通信和电力设备,但电子设备的功率密度也越来越高,发热量越来越大,在采用自然对流散热的前提下,合理的结构布局尤为重要,本文通过Ansys Icepak热仿真软件对某汇流箱体进行了仿真优化,以期为相同或相似产品的研发提供设计借鉴。     

激光产生蒸汽羽的干涉研究

 根据拍摄1.06 μm长脉冲钕玻璃激光与LY12铝靶耦合产生蒸汽羽的干涉分幅照片，测出在t<50 μs空气冲击波速度约为473 m/s而蒸汽羽阵面扩散速度约为162 m/s。运用蒸汽羽等离子体的有关热力学特性方程组，得到蒸汽羽等离子体的电子密度、电子温度、电离度和吸收系数的最大值分别为N_e≈3.1×10¹⁷ cm^-1，T≈6 096 K，η≈0.014，α_(1.06μm)≈0.03 cm^-1的结果。     

脉冲激光作用下铝靶的层裂

 本文报导波长为1.06 μm脉宽（FWHM）约4 ns的强脉冲激光辐照下，铝靶发生层裂的实验结果。当入射功率密度在2.0×10¹¹~5×10¹¹ W/cm²范围的激光束作用下，厚度为0.1 mm、0.2 mm的靶在超临界条件下发生层裂，层裂厚度分别在(17±6) μm及(35±5) μm范围。文中使用一种简化模型对阈值条件下不同厚度的靶发生层裂时的层裂片厚度作了近似估算，并与已有的实验结果较好地符合。     

Numerical simulation of natural convection in a sessile liquid droplet

Heat transfer in a sessile liquid droplet was studied with numerical methods. A computer code was developed for solving the problem of convection in an axisymmetric hemispherical droplet and in a spherical layer as well. The problem of establishing an equilibrium state in a droplet was solved using several variables: temperature, stream function, and vorticity. Simulation was performed for droplets of water, ethyl alcohol, and model liquids. Variable parameters: intensity of heat transfer from droplet surface, Rayleigh and Marangoni dimensionless criteria, and the characteristic temperature difference. It was revealed that the curve of convective flow intensity versus heat transfer intensity at droplet surface has a maximum. A dual-vortex structure was obtained in a stationary hemispherical profile of liquid droplet for the case of close values for thermocapillary and thermogravitational forces. Either thermocapillary or thermogravitational vortex might be dominating phenomena in the flow structure.     

Thermocapillary convection in a target irradiated by an intense charged particle beam

A mathematical model is proposed for the heat-and-mass transfer in a target irradiated by an intense charged particle beam. It includes mechanics of continua equations and a kinetic equation for fast particles that are closed by a wide-range equation of state. A method for solving the model equations, which is based on the division of motion into vortex and potential flows, is proposed, and a numerical experiment is performed. Thermocapillary convection is shown to be the main mechanism of liquid-phase mixing in the target. Convective mixing is found to be effected when the pulse duration is much shorter than the characteristic thermal diffusivity time. Thermocapillary convection is shown to provide mixing on scales of 1–20 μm depending on the irradiation conditions.     

Scaling and universality in turbulent convection

Anomalous correlation functions of the temperature field in two-dimensional turbulent convection are shown to be universal with respect to the choice of external sources. Moreover, they are equal to the anomalous correlations of the concentration field of a passive tracer advected by the convective flow itself. The statistics of velocity differences is found to be universal, self-similar, and close to Gaussian. These results point to the conclusion that temperature intermittency in two-dimensional turbulent convection may be traced back to the existence of statistically preserved structures, as it is in passive scalar turbulence.     

Rotons in gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates irradiated by a laser

A gaseous Bose-Einstein condensate irradiated by a far off-resonance laser has long-range interatomic correlations caused by laser-induced dipole-dipole interactions. These correlations, which are tunable via the laser intensity and frequency, can produce a "roton" minimum in the excitation spectrum--behavior reminiscent of the strongly correlated superfluid liquid He II.     

Scaling law and polarization of second harmonic emission from laser generated plasma

Measurements are described of the intensity and polarization of the second harmonic emission from a plasma generated by 1.054 μm, 35 ps laser pulses at oblique incidence. It is shown that the measured scaling cannot be explained by a simple power law and that at high intensities the degree of polarization of the second harmonic radiation does not depend on the polarization of the incident laser light.     

Dynamic spin reorientation in orthoferrites irradiated by a laser pulse

A theory of dynamic spin reorientation in an antiferromagnet irradiated by a femtosecond laser pulse has been developed taking into account both the nonthermal effect of the pulse due to the inverse Faraday effect and the thermal effect of the pulse. It has been shown that even a weak heating of the spin subsystem by the pulse can significantly enhance the reorientation effect. The possibility of applying this effect to increase the efficiency of the excitation of the spin oscillations has been considered.