原子分子在Pt(100)表面吸附的第一性原理研究

本文系统研究了H、N、O、C、S等原子,N2、NH3、NO、CO等分子和CH3、CH、CH2和OH等自由基在Pt(100)表面的吸附. 从能量上来看,吸附能力从小到大的顺序是N2相似文献   

原子分子在Pt(100)表面吸附的第一性原理研究

本文系统研究了H、N、O、C、S等原子,N2、NH3、NO、CO等分子和CH3、CH、CH2和OH等自由基在Pt(100)表面的吸附. 从能量上来看,吸附能力从小到大的顺序是N2相似文献   

原子分子在Ni(100)表面吸附的第一性原理研究

本文采用密度泛函理论,结合周期性平板模型,通过对原子H、N、O、S和C,分子CO、N2、NH3、NO,以及自由基CH3、CH、CH2、OH在Ni(100)表面吸附的研究,比较了它们的吸附能,稳定吸附位点,吸附结构及扩散能垒等信息.这些吸附质与表面结合能力从小到大依次是N2NH3COCH3NOHOHCH2CNSONCHC.在所有的原子中,O原子倾向于吸附在桥位,而其余的原子则倾向于吸附在空位.除N2之外的分子吸附物(CO、NO、NH3),最佳吸附位点均为四重空位,而N2的最稳定吸附位置为顶位.对于自由基吸附物(CH、CH2、CN、OH)而言,它们倾向于吸附在四重空位,而CH3则稳定吸附在桥位.     

原子分子在Ni(100)表面吸附的第一性原理研究

本文采用密度泛函理论,结合周期性平板模型,通过对原子H、N、O、S和C,分子CO、N2、NH3、NO,以及自由基CH3、CH、CH2、OH在Ni(100)表面吸附的研究,比较了它们的吸附能,稳定吸附位点,吸附结构及扩散能垒等信息. 这些吸附质与表面结合能力从小到大依次是N2相似文献   

CO和O_2分子与TiO_2(110)表面负载Pt单原子的相互作用（英文）

Pt单原子在低温CO氧化反应中具有很高的催化活性.利用扫描隧道显微术与密度泛函理论,研究了Pt单原子在还原性TiO_2(110)表面的吸附行为及其与CO和O_2分子的相互作用.研究发现在80 K低温下,TiO_2表面的氧空位缺陷是Pt单原子的最优吸附位.将CO和O_2分子分别通入Pt单原子吸附后的TiO_2表面,研究相应的吸附构型.实验表明在低覆盖度下,单个Pt原子会俘获一个CO分子,CO分子同时与表面次近邻的五配位Ti原子(Ti_(5c))成键,进而形成非对称的Pt-CO复合物构型.将样品从80 K升温到100 K后,TiO_2表面的CO分子会迁移到Pt-CO处形成Pt-(CO)_2的复合结构.对于O_2分子,单个Pt原子同样会吸附一个O_2分子,O_2分子也会与最近邻或次近邻的Ti_(5c)原子成键形成两种Pt-0_2构型.这些结果在单分子尺度上揭示了CO和O_2与Pt单原子的相互作用,呈现了CO与O_2反应中的初始状态.     

BTA在铜表面吸附的密度泛函理论研究

本文基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理研究了苯并三氮唑(BTA)分子吸附于铜表面的反应活性特征及其吸附在三种不同取向晶面时的电荷转移以及成键情况,结果表明：BTA分子的亲电和亲核活性中心为N(1)、N(2)和C(5),在铜表面垂直吸附时为化学吸附,Cu原子的最外层价电子转移到N(2)原子上,两者形成配位键;BTA分子在三种不同取向的铜表面吸附时的吸附能大小为：Cu(110)_x>Cu(100)_x>Cu(111)_x(x=T、B、H),T表示顶位,B表示桥位,H表示空位;BTA吸附在Cu(111)面的转移电荷量：T(顶位)>B(桥位)>H(空位).     

NO在Ir(111)表面吸附与解离的第一性原理研究

本文系统研究了NO在Ir(111)表面的吸附,解离,以及可能的N_2生成机理.结果表明,顶位吸附的NO,其解离能垒较高(3.17 eV),不会发生解离,而三重Hcp和Fcc空位吸附的NO发生解离,能垒分别为1.23和1.28 eV.N_2是唯一的生成物,不会有副产物N_2O的产生.其最可能的反应路径为N和NO经过N_2O中间体而生成N_2,而不是直接N提取和N-N聚合产生N_2的机理.     

二维材料WTe_2用于气体传感器的性能研究

二维过渡金属硫族化合物由于具有大的比表面积、高的载流子迁移率以及快速响应等特性,在高性能气体传感器应用方面具有显著优势.本文通过密度泛函理论计算,研究了CO,CO_2,NH_3,NO,NO_2气体分子在单层WTe_2表面的吸附构型、吸附能、电荷转移、电学及磁学特性.结果表明,N基气体分子的吸附能小于C基气体分子的吸附能,说明WTe_2对N基气体分子的吸附更敏感.电荷分析结果表明,NH_3气体分子吸附在WTe_2表面时表现为给电子体,而其他四种气体分子都表现为得电子体.能带结构方面,与CO,CO_2,NH_3气体分子相比,磁性气体分子NO和NO_2的吸附在费米能级附近引入了杂质能带,杂质能带主要来源于O原子和N原子的p轨道.此外,NO和NO_2气体分子分别诱导了0.99μB和0.80μB的磁矩.本文的研究结果为实验上制备基于WTe_2的超灵敏气体传感器提供理论指导.     

CO和O2分子与TiO2(110)表面负载Pt单原子的相互作用

Pt单原子在低温CO氧化反应中具有很高的催化活性. 利用扫描隧道显微术与密度泛函理论,研究了Pt单原子在还原性TiO₂(110)表面的吸附行为及其与CO和O₂分子的相互作用. 研究发现在80 K低温下,TiO₂表面的氧空位缺陷是Pt单原子的最优吸附位. 将CO和O₂分子分别通入Pt单原子吸附后的TiO₂表面,研究相应的吸附构型. 实验表明在低覆盖度下,单个Pt原子会俘获一个CO分子,CO分子同时与表面次近邻的五配位Ti原子(Ti_5c)成键,进而形成非对称的Pt-CO 复合物构型. 将样品从80 K升温到100 K后,TiO₂表面的CO分子会迁移到Pt-CO处形成Pt-(CO)₂的复合结构. 对于O₂分子,单个Pt原子同样会吸附一个O₂分子,O₂分子也会与最近邻或次近邻的Ti_5c原子成键形成两种Pt-O₂构型. 这些结果在单分子尺度上揭示了CO和O₂与Pt单原子的相互作用,呈现了CO与O₂反应中的初始状态.     

CO在Pu(100)表面吸附的研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)研究了CO分子在Pu (100)面上的吸附. 计算结果表明：CO在Pu (100)表面的C端吸附比O端吸附更为有利，属于强化学吸附. CO吸附态的稳定性为穴位倾斜>穴位垂直>桥位>顶位. CO分子与表面Pu原子的相互作用主要源于CO分子的杂化轨道和Pu原子的杂化轨道的贡献. 穴位倾斜吸附的CO分子的离解能垒较小(0.280eV)，表明在较低温度下，CO分子在Pu (100)表面会发生离解吸附，离解的C，O原子将占据能量最低的穴位.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.