原子-键电负性均衡方法融合进分子力场(ABEEM/MM)应用于蛋白质分子(Crambin)模拟

建立应用于多肽和蛋白质模拟的ABEEM/MM浮动电荷力场.利用该模型和参数,对实际蛋白质分子Crambin(植物种子中的一种小的蛋白质)进行模拟,得到了满意的结果,为其更广泛的应用开辟了道路.     

ABEEMσπ/MM力场模型下的多肽构象

在ABEEM/MM蛋白质浮动电荷力场模型的基础上,加入孤对电子和 电荷位点,从而能够体现多肽和蛋白质分子中一些重要的各向异性极化性质,允许非化学键方向的电子转移和极化。利用从头计算数据拟合模型相关参数。计算得到的小分子团簇结合能、偶极矩、氢键键长等性质与从头计算结果符合很好。该经典极化模型力场能够重复量子场下丙氨酸二肽、丙氨酸四肽、甘氨酸三肽的各稳定构象,其稳定性顺序与精密从头计算结果相一致,其结构和能量性质较以往模型有一定提高,并优于其他力场模型。     

从头算和ABEEMσπ/MM对(CH_3OH)_n(n=3～12)和[Na(CH_3OH)_n]~+(n=3～6)体系的研究

采用从头算方法(ab initio)和原子-键电负性均衡浮动电荷分子力场方法(ABEEMσπ/MM),对甲醇团簇(CH_3OH)n(n=3~12)和[Na(CH_3OH)_n]~+(n=3~6)体系的结构、电荷分布和结合能进行研究.依据从头算结果构建上述体系的ABEEMσπ/MM浮动电荷势能函数,并确定相关参数.结果表明,ABEEMσπ/MM所获得的结构和结合能等均优于OPLS/AA力场,并与从头算结果相符,其中键长的平均绝对偏差(AAD)小于0.004 nm,键长、键角和结合能的相对均方根偏差(RRMSD)分别小于3.8%,1.7%和6.8%;电荷分布与从头算结果的线性相关系数均大于0.99.     

应用ABEEM/MM蛋白质力场模型研究半胱氨酸二肽构象的性质

ABEEM/MM蛋白质力场模型是应用于蛋白质体系的原子-键电负性均衡方法(ABEEM)与力场(MM)相结合的浮动电荷模型.该模型能够准确地描述分子在环境变化时的静电极化,并能快速计算气态和溶液多肽的结构和能量.首次应用ABEEM/MM蛋白质力场模型研究半胱氨酸二肽构象的性质,如构象能、氢键等.此外,应用从头计算HF/6-31G**方法对其性质进行计算.ABEEM/MM蛋白质力场模型可以快速准确地得到半胱氨酸二肽分子不同稳定构象的性质,其结果可以和从头计算相媲美.以上研究有助于加深对半胱氨酸二肽构象性质的了解,从而也为进一步验证ABEEM/MM蛋白质力场模型的正确性以及参数的合理性提供可靠的依据.     

Sr2+和Ba2+水分子体系结构和结合能的从头算和ABEEM/MM研究

应用从头算方法和ABEEM/MM浮动电荷分子力场, 研究了水合碱土离子团簇Sr²⁺/Ba²⁺(H₂O)_n (n=1-6), 构建了离子-水相互作用的ABEEM/MM势能函数, 获得了水合离子团簇的稳定结构, 计算了结合能. 计算结果表明, ABEEM/MM方法的结果和从头算方法的结果有很好的一致性. 进一步应用ABEEM/MM对Sr²⁺和Ba²⁺水溶液进行了分子动力学模拟. 对Sr²⁺水溶液, 得到的Sr²⁺-水中氧原子的径向分布函数的第一和第二最高峰分别位于0.257和0.464 nm处, 第一和第二水合层的配位水分子数分别为9.2和11.4; 对Ba²⁺水溶液, 得到的Ba²⁺与水中氧原子的径向分布函数的第一和第二最高峰分别位于0.269和0.467 nm处, 第一和第二水合层的配位水分子数分别为9.9和12.4. 这与实验值或其它理论模拟结果有较好的一致性. 对比外层的水分子, 金属离子的极化作用使得溶液中第一水合层中水分子的O―H键长增长, HOH键角减小.     

Theoretical studies on the hydration of formic acid by ab initio and ABEEMσπ fluctuating charge model

The interaction between formic acid (FA) and water was systemically investigated by atom-bond electronegativity equalization method fused into molecular mechanics (ABEEMσπ/MM) and ab initio methods. The geometries of 20 formic acid–water complexes (FA–water) were obtained using B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ level optimizations, and the energies were determined at the MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ level with basis set superposition error (BSSE) and zero-point vibrational energy (ZPVE) corrections. The ABEEMσπ potential model gives reasonable properties of these clusters when compared with the present ab initio data. For interaction energies, the root mean square deviation is 0.74 kcal/mol, and the linear coefficient reaches 0.993. Next, FA in aqueous solution was also studied. The hydrogen-bonding pattern due to the interactions with water has been analyzed in detail. Furthermore, the ABEEMσπ charges changed when H₂O interacted with the FA molecule, especially at the sites where the hydrogen bonds form. These results show that the ABEEMσπ fluctuating charge model is fine giving the overall characteristic hydration properties of FA–water systems in good agreement with the high-level ab initio calculations.     

A study of N-methylacetamide in water clusters: based on atom-bond electronegativity equalization method fused into molecular mechanics

N-methylacetamide (NMA) is a very interesting compound and often serves as a model of the peptide bond. The interaction between NMA and water provides a convenient prototype for the solvation of the peptides in aqueous solutions. Here we present NMA-water potential model based on atom-bond electronegativity equalization method fused into molecular mechanics (ABEEM/MM) that is to take ABEEM charges of all atoms, bonds, and lone-pair electrons of NMA and water molecules into the electrostatic interaction term in molecular mechanics. The model has the following characters: (1)it allows the charges in system to fluctuate responding to the ambient environment; (2) for two major types of intermolecular hydrogen bonds, which are the hydrogen bond forming between the lone-pair electron on amide oxygen and the water hydrogen, and the one forming between the lone-pair electron on water oxygen and the amide hydrogen, we take special treatments in describing the electrostatic interaction by the use of the parameters k(lpO=, H) and k(lpO(-), HN(-)), respectively. The newly constructed potential model based on ABEEM/MM is first applied to amide-water clusters and reproduces gas-phase state properties of NMA(H(2)O)(n) (n=1-3) including optimal structures, dipole moments, ABEEM charge distributions, energy difference of the isolated trans- and cis-NMA, interaction energies, hydrogen bonding cooperative effects, and so on, whose results show the good agreement with those measured by available experiments and calculated by ab initio methods. In order to further test the reasonableness of this model and the correctness and transferability of the parameters, many static properties of the larger NMA-water complexes NMA(H(2)O)(n) (n=4-6) are also studied including optimal structures and interaction energies. The results also show fair consistency with those of our quantum chemistry calculations.     

环多肽晶体的浮动电荷极化力场模拟

利用原子键电负性均衡结合分子力场方法(ABEEM/MM)对五种环多肽晶体进行了研究. 与传统力场相比, 该方法中的静电势包含了分子内和分子间的静电极化作用, 以及分子内电荷转移影响, 同时加入了化学键等非原子中心电荷位点, 合理地体现了分子中的电荷分布. 相对其他极化力场模型, 具有计算量较小的特点. 该模型下计算得到的环多肽分子单元相对实验测得的结构的原子位置、氢键长度和二面角的均方根偏差分别为0.009 nm、0.013 nm和5.16°, 能够很好地重复实验结果. 总体上, 其结果优于或相当于其他力场模型, 适用于对实际蛋白质体系的模拟和研究.     

鸟嘌呤四链体中Na~+的移动

Na+-G-四链体复合物是一个明显的极化体系,其形成或解离过程中,Na+的移动路线目前还不十分明确.σπ水平的原子-键电负性均衡方法融合进分子力学(ABEEMσπ/MM)模型除原子位点外,还明确地定义了孤对电子、σ键和π键的位置,并且各位点电荷随分子环境改变而浮动,因此能更好地反映该体系的极化现象.本文应用ABEEMσπ/MM方法研究了Na+-G-四平面复合物的性质,包括它的几何构型、电荷分布和结合能等,并在MP2/6-31G(d,p)水平上做了相应的从头算,两种结果十分吻合.Na+的存在改变了G-tetrad的氢键方式.通过比较Na+各条移动路线中体系的结合能,预测G-四链体中三个Na+最有可能沿α方向依次移出.以上研究为进一步应用ABEEMσπ/MM模型进行G-四链体中离子交换通道的动力学模拟打下坚实的基础.     

Theoretical Study on Co^3＋ in Aqueous Solution in Terms of ABEEM/MM Model

A detailed theoretical investigation on Co^3＋ hydration in aqueous solution has been carded out by means of molecular dynamics （MD） simulations based on the atom-bond electronegativity equalization method fused into molecular mechanics （ABEEM/MM）. The effective Co^3＋ ion-water potential has been constructed by fitting to ab initio structures and binding energies for ionic clusters. And then the ion-water interaction potential was applied in combination with the ABEEM-7P water model to molecular dynamics simulations of single Co^3＋（aq.） solution, managing to reproduce many experimental structural and dynamical properties of the solution. Here, not only the common properties （radial distribution function, angular distribution function and solvation energy） obtained for Co^3＋ in ABEEM-7P water solution were in good agreement with those from the experimental methods and other molecular dynamics simulations but also very interesting properties of charge distributions, geometries of water molecules, hydrogen bond, diffusion coefficients, vibrational spectra are investigated by ABEEM/MM model.     

Ab initio and ABEEM/MM fluctuating charge model studies of dimethyl phosphate anion in a microhydrated environment

Dimethyl phosphate (DMP) anion has been used extensively as a model compound to simulate the properties of phosphate group. A 35-point DMP anion potential model is constructed based on the atom-bond electronegativity equalization fluctuating charge molecular force field (ABEEM/MM), and it is employed to study the properties of gas-phase DMP anion and DMP-(H₂O) _n (n = 1–3) clusters. The ABEEM/MM model reproduces well the properties obtained by available experiments and QM calculations, including charge distributions, geometries, and conformational energies of gas-phase DMP-water complexes. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulation on the DMP anion in aqueous solution based on the ABEEM/MM shows that a remarkable first hydration shell around the nonesterified oxygen atom of DMP anion is formed with a coordination number of 5.2. It is also found that two hydrogen atoms of one water molecule form two hydrogen bonds with two nonesterified oxygen atoms of DMP anion simultaneously. This work could be used as a starting point for us to establish the ABEEM/MM nucleic acid force field.     

Valence state parameters of all transition metal atoms in metalloproteins—development of ABEEMσπ fluctuating charge force field

To promote accuracy of the atom‐bond electronegativity equalization method (ABEEMσπ) fluctuating charge polarizable force fields, and extend it to include all transition metal atoms, a new parameter, the reference charge is set up in the expression of the total energy potential function. We select over 700 model molecules most of which model metalloprotein molecules that come from Protein Data Bank. We set reference charges for different apparent valence states of transition metals and calibrate the parameters of reference charges, valence state electronegativities, and valence state hardnesses for ABEEMσπ through linear regression and least square method. These parameters can be used to calculate charge distributions of metalloproteins containing transition metal atoms (Sc‐Zn, Y‐Cd, and Lu‐Hg). Compared the results of ABEEMσπ charge distributions with those obtained by ab initio method, the quite good linear correlations of the two kinds of charge distributions are shown. The reason why the STO‐3G basis set in Mulliken population analysis for the parameter calibration is specially explained in detail. Furthermore, ABEEMσπ method can also quickly and quite accurately calculate dipole moments of molecules. Molecular dynamics optimizations of five metalloproteins as the examples show that their structures obtained by ABEEMσπ fluctuating charge polarizable force field are very close to the structures optimized by the ab initio MP2/6–311G method. This means that the ABEEMσπ/MM can now be applied to molecular dynamics simulations of systems that contain metalloproteins with good accuracy. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

精密从头算与ABEEM/MM模型对水团簇(H2O)11 9种低能结构的计算

用精密从头算方法研究了(H2O)11的9种低能异构体的性质, 包括优化的几何结构、结合能、偶极矩和氢键个数等, 并且得出了515-a是(H2O)11的全局最低能结构. 同时, 也用ABEEM/MM(atom bond electronegativity equalization method/molecular mechanics) 模型研究了这些性质, 与从头算的结果进行了比较, 得到了相符合的结果. 这显示了ABEEM/MM模型在描述中等大小的水分子团簇结构上是成功的.     

Study of lithium cation in water clusters: based on atom-bond electronegativity equalization method fused into molecular mechanics

We present a potential model for Li(+)-water clusters based on a combination of the atom-bond electronegativity equalization and molecular mechanics (ABEEM/MM) that is to take ABEEM charges of the cation and all atoms, bonds, and lone pairs of water molecules into the intermolecular electrostatic interaction term in molecular mechanics. The model allows point charges on cationic site and seven sites of an ABEEM-7P water molecule to fluctuate responding to the cluster geometry. The water molecules in the first sphere of Li(+) are strongly structured and there is obvious charge transfer between the cation and the water molecules; therefore, the charge constraint on the ionic cluster includes the charged constraint on the Li(+) and the first-shell water molecules and the charge neutrality constraint on each water molecule in the external hydration shells. The newly constructed potential model based on ABEEM/MM is first applied to ionic clusters and reproduces gas-phase state properties of Li(+)(H(2)O)(n) (n = 1-6 and 8) including optimized geometries, ABEEM charges, binding energies, frequencies, and so on, which are in fair agreement with those measured by available experiments and calculated by ab initio methods. Prospects and benefits introduced by this potential model are pointed out.     

利用浮动电荷力场对N-甲基乙酰胺水溶液的分子动力学模拟

利用原子键电负性均衡结合分子力场方法(ABEEM/MM)对N-甲基乙酰胺(NMA)分子的水溶液体系进行了分子动力学模拟. 与经典的力场模型相比, 该方法中的静电势包含了分子内和分子间的静电极化作用, 以及分子内电荷转移影响, 同时加入了化学键等非原子中心电荷位点, 合理体现了分子中的电荷分布. 相对其它极化力场模型, 该模型具有计算量较小的特点. 在该模型下对NMA纯溶液和其水溶液体系进行了分子动力学模拟, 得到的径向分布函数、汽化热和偶极矩等物理量与实验值和其它极化力场方法符合很好, 合理描述了溶质与溶剂之间的静电极化和分子内的电荷转移.     

应用ABEEM/MM模型研究水分子团簇(H2O)n (n=11～16)的性质

应用ABEEM/MM 模型计算了较大的水分子团簇(H2O)n (n=11~16)的各种性质,如：优化的几何构型, 氢键个数, 结合能, 稳定性, ABEEM 电荷分布, 偶极矩, 以及结构参数、平均氢键个数和强度, 增加的团簇结合能等.结果表明,从立方体结构到笼状结构的过渡出现在n=12的水分子团簇中,随着类似于笼状结构特点的不断增强,五元环的富集程度有所增加.     

ABEEM浮动电荷分子力场在含离子体系中的发展和应用

离子水合及生物分子体系内离子选择性的微观作用机制是人们长期探索的重要课题,其难点在于如何合理精确地描述上述体系内的离子-水、离子-生物分子等各种相互作用.本文主要总结近年来原子-键电负性均衡浮动电荷分子力场（ABEEM/MM）在含离子体系中的发展和应用,包括离子水溶液、金属蛋白、离子-核酸碱基体系的研究.我们优选相关参数,构建上述体系的势能函数,并对气相水合离子团簇、离子水溶液、金属蛋白、离子-核酸碱基体系进行研究,模拟其结构、活性、热力学和动力学等性质.研究和比较结果表明,我们的ABEEM浮动电荷力场总体上优于其它力场方法,其精度可达到或接近高水平从头计算MP2方法.这为进一步探讨生物分子体系内的离子选择性、金属酶及其它含离子体系的结构和性质奠定了基础.