固相萃取-HPLC法测定蜂蜜中残留的10种磺胺类药物

研究了用固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定蜂蜜中10种磺胺类药物残留量的方法。样品经三氯甲烷溶液提取,过Oasis HLB C18固相萃取柱净化,用乙腈洗脱10种磺胺,反相高效液相色谱-紫外检测器测定。检测波长为270nm,柱温45℃．流动相：磷酸水溶液-乙腈梯度洗脱．该方法前处理简单,梯度洗脱分离效果和重现性好,在0．010～1．0mg／kg添加水平,10种组分的回收率在86．5％～100．8％之间,室内相对标准偏差在3．5％～8．1％之间,线性范围为0．010～10μg／mL,检出限为0．005mg／kg。该方法快速、灵敏、专属,可用于食品中磺胺类药物残留量的常规检测。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定调味料中的8种合成着色剂

建立一种同时测定调味料中8种合成着色剂的高效液相色谱分析方法。样品经30％甲醇水溶液提取,采用Diamonsil—C18柱（250mm×4．6mm）,以甲醇-1．55g／L乙酸铵为流动相,在最佳梯度洗脱条件下对8种合成着色剂进行分离,二极管阵列检测器检测,外标法定量。8种合成着色剂的线性范围为0．5～10．0μg／mL,回收率为95．0％～101％。对样品进行6次重复测定,峰面积测定结果的相对标准偏差为0．84％-3．51％（n=6）。     

等离子体质谱多内标法测定金属铒中多种痕量元素

本方法采用ICP—MS法同时测定高纯金属铒中14个稀土元素和15种非稀土元素杂质，确定了合适的样品稀释浓度，采用Sc、In、Cs、Tl4个内标，杂质元素的检出限在0．04～16μg／g之间，样品的加标回收率在86％～105％之间，能够满足4N金属铒产品的检测需求。     

柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定小麦中氨基酸含量

以肌氨酸为内标物,邻苯二甲醛-9-芴甲基氯甲酸酯为柱前衍生剂,用ODS色谱柱在柱温40℃下,采用二元梯度洗脱,DAD检测器在338nm波长处检测,建立了一种利用反相高效液相色谱同时测定小麦籽粒中17种氨基酸的方法。氨基酸浓度在5～800μmol／L范围内,其峰面积与内标物峰面积的比值和氨基酸浓度的线性相关系数均大于0．996;17种氨基酸的加标回收率在97．5％～103．1％范围内。应用本方法对小麦籽粒中氨基酸含量进行测定,取得了较理想的结果。同时,本法还可应用于糙米和玉米等粮食中氨基酸含量的测定。     

反相高效液相色谱法快速测定7种四环素类抗生素

建立了一种反相高效液相色谱梯度洗脱分离测定四环素类药物的新方法。采用DiamonsilTM C1 8ODS(2 5 0mm× 4 .6mmi.d ,5 μm)色谱柱 ,以甲醇 乙腈 0 .0 1mol/L草酸为流动相 ,流速 1.0mL/min ,2 70nm检测 ,在10min内分离检测四环素等 7种化合物。同时还研究了流动相组成、梯度条件、pH值、草酸浓度等因素对分离效果的影响。     

柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定血清中9种胆汁酸

建立了一种柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)测定血清中9种胆汁酸的方法。以4-溴甲基-7-甲氧基香豆素(BMC)为衍生剂,用Waters Nova C18色谱柱分离,采用甲醇／乙腈和水梯度洗脱,荧光检测,9种胆汁酸在5～40μmol／L范围内具有良好线性,r为0．9988～0．9998。回收率为85．40％～100．45％,检出限为1～2μmol／L。该法灵敏、特效、重复性好,可用于临床血清中微量胆汁酸的测定。     

邻苯二甲醛柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定水牛角中氨基酸的含量

以邻苯二甲醛和β－巯基乙醇为衍生化试剂,柱前衍生,ＯＤＳ（Ｃ１８）柱分离;ＰＨ５．６醋酸盐缓冲溶液、甲醇二元梯度洗脱,荧光检测,在３２ｍｉｎ内分离测定了水牛角中１２种氨基酸的含量。在一定浓度范围人,氨基酸的峰面积与其浓度呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数在０．９９７５～０．９９９４之间。对于１２种氨基酸,标准加入回收率在９４％～１０６％之间。     

邻苯二甲醛柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定珍珠母中氨基酸

以邻苯二甲醛和β－巯基乙醇为衍生化试剂,柱前衍生,ＯＤＳ（Ｃ１８）柱分离,ｐＨ５．６乙酸盐缓冲液、甲醇二元梯度洗脱,荧光检测,在３２ｍｉｎ内分离测定了珍珠母中８种氨基酸的含量。在一定浓度范围内,氨基酸的峰面积与其浓度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数在０．９９８４～０．９９９４之间。对于８种氨基酸,标准加入回收率在９５％～１０５％之间。     

UPLC-MS-MS法快速测定含乳冷冻饮品中氯霉素残留量

建立了UPLC-MS-MS法测定含乳冷冻饮品中氯霉素的含量。样品经高氯酸沉淀蛋白,乙酸乙酯提取,浓缩干燥,流动相溶解,正己烷脱脂后,采用ACQUITYUPLCBHEC18色谱柱分离,以1％甲酸水溶液一乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,利用电喷雾质谱负离子监测模式对氯霉素进行检测。氯霉素浓度在0．1～100．0ng／mL范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性,线性相关系数r=0．9986。加标回收率为81．5％～103．4％,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1．72％-3,18％（n=5）,以3倍信噪比计算方法的检出限为0．1μg／kg。     

柱后光化学反应荧光检测高效液相色谱法测定茶叶中的五种菊酯类农药残留

建立了柱后光化学反应荧光检测高效液相色谱法测定茶叶中菊酯类农药残留的方法。采用Hypersil ODS色谱柱，以乙腈／水为流动相、梯度洗脱进行分离。用自制的光化学反应器作为荧光衍生装置，优化了柱后光化学反应的实验条件，并用于茶叶样品中菊酯类农药残留的测定。方法的检出限为0．012～0．048μg／g(干重)；线性范围0．040～8．0μg／g，相对标准偏差3．4％～6．4％(0．1mg／L，n=8)。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.