肺心病患者的社区治疗

为探讨社区医疗在治疗重症肺心病中发挥的作用,总结社区治疗经验,对5例重症肺心病患者进行了综合性治疗。结果显示,3例缓解,2例去世,死亡原因中枢呼吸衰竭占首位。讨论了充分利用社区资源,实行家庭、社区的综合性治疗措施。     

《化学研究与应用》征稿简则

本刊属化学类中文核心期刊,是四川省化学化工学会与四川大学合办的涉及化学学科各领域的综合性学术月刊,编辑部设在四川大学化学学院。旨在报道化学学科的理论和应用研究成果,促进学术交流和科技成果转化,为我国社会主义现代化建设服务。读者对象是高校师生、科研院所的科研人员、厂矿企业的技术人员以及有关管理人员和情报工作者。     

《化学研究与应用》征稿简则

本刊属化学类中文核心期刊,是四川省化学化工学会与四川大学合办的涉及化学学科各领域的综合性学术月刊,编辑部设在四川大学化学学院。旨在报道化学学科的理论和应用研究成果,促进学术交流和科技成果转化,为我国社会主义现代化建设服务。读者对象是高校师生、科研院所的科研人员、厂矿企业的技术人员以及有关管理人员和情报工作者。     

《化学研究与应用》征稿简则

本刊属化学类中文核心期刊,是四川省化学化工学会与四川大学合办的涉及化学学科各领域的综合性学术月刊,编辑部设在四川大学化学学院。旨在报道化学学科的理论和应用研究成果,促进学术交流和科技成果转化,为我国社会主义现代化建设服务。读者对象是高校师生、科研院所的科研人员、厂矿企业的技术人员以及有关管理人员和情报工作者。     

《化学研究与应用》征稿简则

本刊属化学类中文核心期刊,是四川省化学化工学会与四川大学合办的涉及化学学科各领域的综合性学术月刊,编辑部设在四川大学化学学院。旨在报道化学学科的理论和应用研究成果,促进学术交流和科技成果转化,为我国社会主义现代化建设服务。读者对象是高校师生、科研院所的科研人员、厂矿企业的技术人员以及有关管理人员和情报工作者。     

《化学研究与应用》征稿简则

本刊属化学类中文核心期刊,是四川省化学化工学会与四川大学合办的涉及化学学科各领域的综合性学术月刊,编辑部设在四川大学化学学院。旨在报道化学学科的理论和应用研究成果,促进学术交流和科技成果转化,为我国社会主义现代化建设服务。读者对象是高校师生、科研院所的科研人员、厂矿企业的技术人员以及有关管理人员和情报工作者。     

《化学研究与应用》征稿简则

本刊属化学类中文核心期刊,是四川省化学化工学会与四川大学合办的涉及化学学科各领域的综合性学术月刊,编辑部设在四川大学化学学院。旨在报道化学学科的理论和应用研究成果,促进学术交流和科技成果转化,为我国社会主义现代化建设服务。读者对象是高校师生、科研院所的科研人员、厂矿企业的技术人员以及有关管理人员和情报工作者。     

《化学研究与应用》征稿简则

本刊属化学类中文核心期刊,是四川省化学化工学会与四川大学合办的涉及化学学科各领域的综合性学术月刊,编辑部设在四川大学化学学院。旨在报道化学学科的理论和应用研究成果,促进学术交流和科技成果转化,为我国社会主义现代化建设服务。读者对象是高校师生、科研院所的科研人员、厂矿企业的技术人员以及有关管理人员和情报工作者。     

《化学研究与应用》征稿简则

本刊属化学类中文核心期刊,是四川省化学化工学会与四川大学合办的涉及化学学科各领域的综合性学术月刊,编辑部设在四川大学化学学院。旨在报道化学学科的理论和应用研究成果,促进学术交流和科技成果转化,为我国社会主义现代化建设服务。读者对象是高校师生、科研院所的科研人员、厂矿企业的技术人员以及有关管理人员和情报工作者。1主要栏目     

《化学研究与应用》征稿简则

本刊属化学类中文核心期刊,是四川省化学化工学会与四川大学合办的涉及化学学科各领域的综合性学术月刊,编辑部设在四川大学化学学院。旨在报道化学学科的理论和应用研究成果,促进学术交流和科技成果转化,为我国社会主义现代化建设服务。读者对象是高校师生、科研院所的科研人员、厂矿企业的技术人员以及有关管理人员和情报工作者。     

Multivariate curve resolution of mixed bacterial DNA sequence spectra: identification and quantification of bacteria in undefined mixture samples

A comprehensive understanding of factors that influence microbial competition and cooperation, their diversity and processes will be greatly beneficial in many research areas. Current tools for microflora determinations are far from suitable for high‐throughput monitoring of development in complex microbial communities. Here, we describe the application of a calibration free method, multivariate curve resolution with alternating least squares (MCR‐ALS), for identification and quantification of different microbes in mixture samples. The idea is to utilize MCR‐ALS to enable close monitoring of ecology in a variety of microbial communities. The data from two designed experiments consisting of DNA sequence spectra measured on mixtures were analysed with MCR‐ALS using no prior information on the data except for appropriate constraints, such as non‐negativity and closure. The results were compared both to the known true concentrations as well as to the results obtained from the well‐established multivariate calibration method partial least squares (PLS) regression. MCR‐ALS performed as well as PLS regression, successfully extracting all pure bacterial spectra and quantitative information on these, with 97.81% and 97.91% explained variance for the first and the second data set, respectively. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A new approach to non-destructive analysis of biofilms by confocal Raman microscopy

Confocal Raman microscopy (CRM) of biofilms enables one to determine the distribution of different microorganisms and other substances inside physiological intact microbial communities. These biofilms are of outstanding interest for biological wastewater treatment. In contrast to invasive techniques, such as fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), we were able to identify anaerobically ammonium-oxidising (anammox) bacteria without pretreatment processes of the samples just by its Raman vibrational signature. The presented results provide new insights into the complex interactions of different organisms in microbial communities without interfering with them.     

Functional dynamics of microbial communities in bioelectrochemical systems: The importance of eco-electrogenic treatment of complex substrates

Recent advances in biotechnology are making it increasingly easy to engineer microbial communities as biocatalysts of bioelectrochemical systems. This is vital in the context of precision electroactive biofilm, as extracellular electron transfer efficiency within electrogenic consortia at the microbe/anode interface is critical for bioelectricity production in a bioelectrochemical device. This research focuses on the use of real multispecies substrates as sources of both electroactive organisms and organic matter loading and summarizes powerful techniques that enable control over biofilm composition in the anode.     

Spatio-Temporal Variation of the Bacterial Communities along a Salinity Gradient within a Thalassohaline Environment (Saline di Tarquinia Salterns,Italy)

The “Saline di Tarquinia” salterns have been scarcely investigated regarding their microbiological aspects. This work studied the structure and composition of their bacterial communities along the salinity gradient (from the nearby sea through different ponds). The communities showed increasing simplification of pond bacterial diversity along the gradient (particularly if compared to those of the sea). Among the 38 assigned phyla, the most represented were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Differently to other marine salterns, where at the highest salinities Bacteroidetes dominated, preponderance of Proteobacteria was observed. At the genus level the most abundant taxa were Pontimonas, Marivita, Spiribacter, Bordetella, GpVII and Lentibacter. The α-diversity analysis showed that the communities were highly uneven, and the Canonical Correspondence Analysis indicated that they were structured by various factors (sampling site, sampling year, salinity, and sampling month). Moreover, the taxa abundance variation in relation to these significant parameters were investigated by Generalized Linear Models. This work represents the first investigation of a marine saltern, carried out by a metabarcoding approach, which permitted a broad vision of the bacterial diversity, covering both a wide temporal span (two years with monthly sampling) and the entire salinity gradient (from the nearby sea up to the crystallisation ponds).     

Application of Microbeam Techniques to Materials Problemsin a Service Laboratory

 Examples for providing analytical services with microbeam techniques are elucidated in the areas of failure analysis, chemical thin film analysis in glass coating, manufacture control of optical coatings, characterization of microelectronic devices and tribostressed surfaces in diesel motors of passenger cars. Besides the specific analytic or material problems and the techniques and methods used the characteristic aspects of surface and thin film analysis within the scope of analytical services are emphasized.     

Workflow based framework for life science informatics

Workflow technology is a generic mechanism to integrate diverse types of available resources (databases, servers, software applications and different services) which facilitate knowledge exchange within traditionally divergent fields such as molecular biology, clinical research, computational science, physics, chemistry and statistics. Researchers can easily incorporate and access diverse, distributed tools and data to develop their own research protocols for scientific analysis. Application of workflow technology has been reported in areas like drug discovery, genomics, large-scale gene expression analysis, proteomics, and system biology. In this article, we have discussed the existing workflow systems and the trends in applications of workflow based systems.     

Bio-inspired approaches to sensing for defence and security applications

Interdisciplinary research in biotechnology and related scientific areas has increased tremendously over the past decade. This rapid pace, in conjunction with advances in microfabricated systems, computer hardware, bioengineering and the availability of low-powered miniature components, has now made it feasible to design bio-inspired materials, sensors and systems with tremendous potential for defence and security applications. To realize the full potential of biotechnology and bio-inspiration, there is a need to define specific requirements to meet the challenges of the changing world and its threats. One approach to assisting the defence and security communities in defining their requirements is through the use of a conceptual model. The distributed or intelligent autonomous sensing (DIAS) system is one such model. The DIAS model is not necessarily aimed at a single component, for instance a sensor, but can include a system, or even a system of systems in the same way that a single organism, a multi-cellular organism or group of organisms is configured. This paper provides an overview of the challenges to and opportunities for bio-inspired sensors and systems together with examples of how they are being implemented. Examples focus on both learning new things from biological organisms that have application to the defence and security forces and adapting known discoveries in biology and biochemistry for practical use by these communities.     

Microfluidic electronics

Microfluidics, a field that has been well-established for several decades, has seen extensive applications in the areas of biology, chemistry, and medicine. However, it might be very hard to imagine how such soft microfluidic devices would be used in other areas, such as electronics, in which stiff, solid metals, insulators, and semiconductors have previously dominated. Very recently, things have radically changed. Taking advantage of native properties of microfluidics, advances in microfluidics-based electronics have shown great potential in numerous new appealing applications, e.g. bio-inspired devices, body-worn healthcare and medical sensing systems, and ergonomic units, in which conventional rigid, bulky electronics are facing insurmountable obstacles to fulfil the demand on comfortable user experience. Not only would the birth of microfluidic electronics contribute to both the microfluidics and electronics fields, but it may also shape the future of our daily life. Nevertheless, microfluidic electronics are still at a very early stage, and significant efforts in research and development are needed to advance this emerging field. The intention of this article is to review recent research outcomes in the field of microfluidic electronics, and address current technical challenges and issues. The outlook of future development in microfluidic electronic devices and systems, as well as new fabrication techniques, is also discussed. Moreover, the authors would like to inspire both the microfluidics and electronics communities to further exploit this newly-established field.     

Current air quality analytics and monitoring: A review

This review summarizes the different tools and concepts that are commonly applied in air quality monitoring. The monitoring of atmosphere is extremely important as the air quality is an important problem for large communities. Main requirements for analytical devices used for monitoring include a long period of autonomic operation and portability. These instruments, however, are often characterized by poor analytical performance. Monitoring networks are the most common tools used for monitoring, so large-scale monitoring programmes are summarized here. Biomonitoring, as a cheap and convenient alternative to traditional sample collection, is becoming more and more popular, although its main drawback is the lack of standard procedures. Telemonitoring is another approach to air monitoring, which offers some interesting opportunities, such as ease of coverage of large or remote areas, constituting a complementary approach to traditional strategies; however, it requires huge costs.     

影响剖宫产妇母乳喂养的因素及对策

对１７９例剖宫产妇进行了调查，分析了影响剖宫产妇母乳喂养因素，制订并实施了一系列促进母乳喂养的整体护理措施，包括心理疏导和支持，增强母乳喂养信心；强化母乳喂养知识宣教；根据剖宫产妇的特点，协助并指导母乳喂养的技巧，术后６ｈ进食，促进乳汁分泌；强化免疫接种，阻断母婴传播等使宫产产妇纯母乳喂养率达到９８％。