Use of the paramagnetic shift agent Eu(DPM)3 for studying the structure and stereochemistry of conferol and conferone

Summary A spectrophotometric method is proposed for determining the content of aspidin in a crystalline powder and in the rhizomes of the fernsDryopteris spinulosa (M),D. phegopteris (L.), andD. fragrans (L.) Schott.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute for Medicinal Plants. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 684–687, November–December, 1970.     

The structure of arnifolin

Summary Structure (I) is proposed for arnifolin — a sesquiterpene lactone fromArnica foliosa Nutt. andArnica montana L.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute for Medicinal Plants. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 270–272, May–June, 1971.     

Oxygenated acids of the reserve lipids of Rumex paulsenianus

The composition of the fatty mono- and dihydroxy acids of the fruit ofRumex paulsenianus Rech. fil. (familyPolygonaceae) has been determined by a combination of IRS, UVS, GLC, and mass-spectrometric methods. (22) Monohydroxy acids of the C₁₄–C₂₀ series, including isomers and isologues, and four dihydroxy acids from C₁₈ to C₂₀, including a new isomeric 9-OH-10, 12–17:2 acid have been detected.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 762–765, November–December, 1991.     

Oils of the seeds of Ziziphora pedicellata and Eremostachys molluceloides

Summary The fatty oils of the seeds of the wild speciesZiziphora pedicellata andEremostachys molluceloides (Labiatae) have been investigated. The glyceride, pigment, and hydrocarbon compositions of these oils and the fatty-acid composition of the oil ofZ. pedicellata have been determined.The oil ofE. molluceloides contains laballenic acid.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 324–328, May–June, 1975.     

Insect pheromones and their analogues. XXII. Methyl-branched pheromones based on 4-methyltetrahydropyran. Synthesis of racemic 2-acetoxy-3,7-dimethylpentadecane (diprionyl acetate)

A synthesis is proposed of racemic 2-acetoxy-3,7-dimethylpentadecane — the sex attractant (diprionyl acetate) of plane sawflies of the generaDiprion andNeodiprion on the basis of the regioselective transformation of bifunctional products of the cleavage of 4-methyltetrahydropyran.Institute of Chemistry, Bashkir Scientific Center, Urals Branch, USSR Academy of Sciences. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 573–576, July–August, 1989.     

The structure of gummosin

Summary From the neutral fraction of an acetone extract of the roots of plants of the genusFerula,F. gummosa Boiss.,F. pseudoreoselinum Rgl. et Schmalh. (K-Pol.) andF. Samarkandica Eug. Kor., we have isolated a coumarin gummosin with the composition C₂₄H₃₀O₄, mp 176–177°C, [a]_D –54°C. The structure of gummosin corresponds to formula (III).With respect to structure, gummosin is a spatial isomer of farnesiferol A; it differs from the latter by the fact that the secondary OH group in gummosin is axial.Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, Vol. 2, No. 6, pp. 383–387, 1966     

Alkaloids ofAndrachne rotundifolia

Summary 1. The content of total alkaloids in the hypogeal parts ofAndrachne rotundifolia C. A. Mey. (family Euphorbicease) is 0.2–0.3% and in the epigeal parts 0.06–0.08%.The total alkaloids in both the hypogeal and the epigeal parts ofAndrachne rotundifolia consist of five or six non-phenolic bases.2. Three individual substances have been isolated: andrachnine C₁₁H₁₇NO₂, which is a new alkaloid; base (II), giving a perchlorate with mp 139°–140° C; and base (III) with mp 135°–136° C.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 257–260, 1966     

Interatomic distances in molecules of gaseous alkali metal halides

Summary One of the possible methods of comparative calculation was used for calculating interatomic distancesd in gaseous alkali halides. The average deviation of the calculated values ofd from experimental values was 0.0012 A (for 15 substances).Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 399–403, November–December, 1960     

A study of the process of lignification of one-year willow wood

Conclusions 1. The content of lignin in the wood ofSalix viminalis andSalix acutifolia increases with the growth of the shoots during shortened days and also in drier climatic periods.2. The monosaccharides, glucose, fructose, and arabinose take part in the synthesis of the lignin of young wood ofSalix viminalis andSalix acutifolia. The formation of lignin of one-year willow wood takes place from May to January (with a maximum in June–July). The content of methoxyl groups in it gradually rises.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 5, No. 6, pp. 546–550, 1969     

The structure of the sesquiterpene lactone saupirin

Conclusions A new sesquiterpene lactone, saupirin, has been isolated from the epigeal green part ofSaussurea neopulchella Lipsch. andSaussurea pulchella Fisch., and structure (I) has been proposed for it.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute for Medicinal Plants. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 727–736, November–December, 1971.     

Synthesis of (E)-dodec-3-en-1-yl acetate — The main component of sex pheromones of Scrobipalpa ocellatella and Scrobipalpopsis solanivora

(E)-Dodec-3-en-l-yl acetate — the main component of the sex pheromones ofScrobipalpa ocellatella andScrobipalpopsis solanivora — has been obtained by a three-stage synthesis from decanal and malonic acid. The overall yield of pheromone was 33% calculated on the initial aldehyde.A. S. Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 682–683, September–October, 1988.     

The polybuffer separation of the alkaloids of Vinca erecta

Summary By separating the total alkaloids ofV.erecta according to their basicities in an APS, in addition to bases known previously we have isolated ervincidine, apovincamine, (+)-quebrachamine, dl-eburnamine, (–)-1,2-dehydroaspidospermidine, and kopsanone. This is the first time that these alkaloids have been obtained from this plant. Thin-layer chromatography showed the presence of another 10–12 uncharacterized alkaloids.The region of the passage into the buffer solutions of some alkaloids has also been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 713–717, November–December, 1970.     

Alkaloids of Rauwolfia species growing in Vietnam

Reserpine, ajmaline, serpentine, ajmalicine, isoreserpiline, and other alkaloids have been isolated from the roots ofRauwolfia cambodiana Pierre ex Pitard,R. verticillata Baill. andR. serpentina Benth.R. vomitoria Afz. was the richest in alkaloids.Leningrad Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 813–816, November–December, 1991.     

Synthesis of the racemic alkaloid diptaline

The isolation from the plantDipthychocarpus strictus (Cruciferae) of the optically active base diptaline, identified as N-(11-methylsulfinylundecyl)urea, has been reported [1]. A synthesis of the racemic form of this alkaloid has now been achieved.Institute of Organic Chemistry, Urals Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 102–105, January–February, 1992.     

Alkaloids of four species of Argemone

The alkaloid compositions of four species of plants of the genusArgemone (A. mexicana L.,A. alba L.,A. platyceras Link et Otto., andA. hybrida) collected in the flowering phase in the Tashkent Botanical Garden have been studied. They have yielded 16 alkaloids. Corydine and isocorydine have been detected in plants of this genus for the first time, and O-methyl-platycerine has been found in nature for the first time.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 204–206, March–April, 1986.     

Neptunium-237 in the marine environment determination in animal and plant species in the English Channel: Biological indicators and trophic relationships

We have studied the uptake of²³⁷Np in marine plants and animals belonging to several phyla, and collected samples from the end of January 1986 to March 1986, in a sampling station situated near the outlet of the irradiated fuel reprocessing plant at La Hague.We determined the²³⁷Np by neutron activation analysis. This method is very sensitive, with a limit of detection of 5×10^–10 mg, 1.3×10^–2 mBq. The method consists of the following steps:Reduction of the neptunium to the tetravalent state by treatment with a mixture of hydrazine sulfate and ferrous iron-chromatographic separations on Dowex 1×10 resin in a nitric medium, then in a hydrochloric medium-neutron irradiation in a nuclear reactor-purification of the neptunium by chromatography on Dowex 1×10 resin in a nitric then hydrochloric medium-measurement of the isotope²³⁸Np by gamma ray spectrometry using a Ge(Li) detector. The species were collected at Goury, at the northwest extremity of the Cotentin Peninsula, 5 km from the outlet of the reprocessing plant at La Hague. The levels of²³⁷Np were as follows: red algaeCorallina officinalis 64 mBq kg^–1 wet weight; andChondrus crispus 18 mBq kg^–1 wet weight; the spongeHalichondria panicea 14 mBq kg^–1 wet weight; the ascidianDendrodoa grossularia 12 mBq kg^–1 wet weight. The bivaive molluscsPatella vulgata andGibbula umbilicalis (the flesh ofP. vulgata andG. umbilicalis: 4 and 7 mBq kg^–1 wet weight respectively) also prove to be interesting biological indicatorsThe transfer modes of²³⁷Np to the various species as a function of their trophic levels are discussed as well as the distribution among the organs in the species consumed and the radiological impact of human consumption.