Description of weakly periodic Gibbs measures for the isingmodel on a cayley tree

We introduce the concept of a weakly periodic Gibbs measure. For the Ising model, we describe a set of such measures corresponding to normal subgroups of indices two and four in the group representation of a Cayley tree. In particular, we prove that for a Cayley tree of order four, there exist critical values T _c < T _cr of the temperature T > 0 such that there exist five weakly periodic Gibbs measures for 0 < T < T _c or T > T _cr , three weakly periodic Gibbs measures for T = T _c , and one weakly periodic Gibbs measure for T _c < T ≤ T _cr . __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 156, No. 2, pp. 292–302, August, 2008.     

On chaotic behaviour of the p-adic generalized Ising mapping and its application

In the present paper, by conducting research on the dynamics of the p-adic generalized Ising mapping corresponding to renormalization group associated with the p-adic Ising-Vannemenus model on a Cayley tree, we have determined the existence of the fixed points of a given function. Simultaneously, the attractors of the dynamical system have been found. We have come to a conclusion that the considered mapping is topologically conjugate to the symbolic shift which implies its chaoticity and as an application, we have established the existence of periodic p-adic Gibbs measures for the p-adic Ising-Vannemenus model.     

Weakly almost periodic functionals on the measure algebra

It is shown that the collection of weakly almost periodic functionals on the convolution algebra of a commutative Hopf von Neumann algebra is a C*-algebra. This implies that the weakly almost periodic functionals on M(G), the measure algebra of a locally compact group G, is a C*-subalgebra of M(G)* = C ₀(G)**. The proof builds upon a factorisation result, due to Young and Kaiser, for weakly compact module maps. The main technique is to adapt some of the theory of corepresentations to the setting of general reflexive Banach spaces.     

Weak almost periodicity and the strong ergodic limit theorem for contraction semigroups

We show that if (S(t)) _t≧0 is a contraction semigroup on a closed convex subset of a uniformly convex Banach space, then every bounded and “asymptotically isometric” almost-orbit of (S(t)) _t≧0 is weakly almost periodic in the sense of Eberlein. As one consequence, results on the existence of almost periodic solutions to the abstract Cauchy problem are obtained without the need fora priori compactness assumptions. As a further consequence, the known strong ergodic limit theorems for (almost-) orbits of nonlinear contraction semigroups turn out to be special cases of Eberlein’s classical ergodic theorem for weakly almost periodic functions.     

The weak limit of Ising models on locally tree-like graphs

We consider the Ising model with inverse temperature β and without external field on sequences of graphs G _n which converge locally to the k-regular tree. We show that for such graphs the Ising measure locally weakly converges to the symmetric mixture of the Ising model with + boundary conditions and the ? boundary conditions on the k-regular tree with inverse temperature β. In the case where the graphs G _n are expanders we derive a more detailed understanding by showing convergence of the Ising measure conditional on positive magnetization (sum of spins) to the + measure on the tree.     

Weakly periodic Gibbs measures for the Ising model on the Cayley tree of order $$k=2$$

Theoretical and Mathematical Physics - We prove the existence of weakly periodic Gibbs measures for the Ising model on the Cayley tree of order $$k=2$$ with respect to a normal divisor of index 4.     

Every semitopological semigroup compactification of the group H + [0,1] is trivial

Let G=H ₊ [0, 1] be the topological group of all orientation-preserving selfhomeomorphisms of the closed interval [0,1] endowed with the usual compact open topology. We show that every weakly almost periodic function on G is constant. Consequently, G does not admit nontrivial (weakly) continuous representations by linear isometries in reflexive Banach spaces. September 6, 1999     

Compact operators on a Banach space into the space of almost periodic functions

LetS be a topological semigroup andAP(S) the space of continous complex almost periodic functions onS. We obtain characterizations of compact and weakly compact operators from a Banach spaceX into AP(S). For this we use the almost periodic compactification ofS obtained through uniform spaces. For a bounded linear operatorT fromX into AP(S), letT ₅, be the translate ofT bys inS defined byT ₅(x)=(Tx) ₅ . We define topologies on the space of bounded linear operators fromX into AP(S) and obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for an operatorT to be compact or weakly compact in terms of the uniform continuity of the maps→T ₅. IfS is a Hausdorff topological semigroup, we also obtain characterizations of compact and weakly compact multipliers on AP(S) in terms of the uniform continuity of the map S→μ_s, where μ_s denotes the unique vector measure corresponding to the operatorT ₅.     

Weakly almost periodic functionals on certain Banach algebras

For a Lau algebra A, we study the Banach space WAP(A) of all weakly almost periodic functionals on A to obtain some equivalent conditions for the existence of topological left invariant means on a topological left introverted subspace X of A contained in WAP(A). Finally, we consider relations between the existence of a topological left invariant mean on X and a common fixed point property.     

The existence of weakly periodic Gibbs measures for the Potts model on a Cayley tree

We study the q-state Potts model on a Cayley tree of order k ≥ 2. In the group representation of the Cayley tree for the ferromagnetic Potts model, we single out a set of index-2 subgroups under which each weakly periodic Gibbs measure is translation invariant. For the anti-ferromagnetic Potts model with k ≥ 2 and q ≥ 2, we show that a weakly periodic Gibbs measure that is not translation invariant is not unique.     

Mixing Times of Critical Two‐Dimensional Potts Models

We study dynamical aspects of the q‐state Potts model on an n × n box at its critical β_c(q). Heat‐bath Glauber dynamics and cluster dynamics such as Swendsen–Wang (that circumvent low‐temperature bottlenecks) are all expected to undergo “critical slowdowns” in the presence of periodic boundary conditions: the inverse spectral gap, which in the subcritical regime is O(1), should at criticality be polynomial in n for 1 < q ≤ 4, and exponential in n for q > 4 in accordance with the predicted discontinuous phase transition. This was confirmed for q = 2 (the Ising model) by the second author and Sly, and for sufficiently large q by Borgs et al. Here we show that the following holds for the critical Potts model on the torus: for q=3, the inverse gap of Glauber dynamics is n^O(1); for q = 4, it is at most n^{O(log n)}; and for every q > 4 in the phase‐coexistence regime, the inverse gaps of both Glauber dynamics and Swendsen‐Wang dynamics are exponential in n. For free or monochromatic boundary conditions and large q, we show that the dynamics at criticality is faster than on the torus (unlike the Ising model where free/periodic boundary conditions induce similar dynamical behavior at all temperatures): the inverse gap of Swendsen‐Wang dynamics is exp(n^o(1)). © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Automorphisms that admit an approximation by periodic transformations

Summary We are concerned with a class of automorphisms which can be approximated by periodic transformations. We show that such an automorphism T is ergodic and that a relationship exists between the spectrum of T, the measure of the sets which are invariant under T, and the ergodicity of the powers of T. Finally, we exhibit conditions under which T is weakly mixing and not strongly mixing.This research was supported by NSF Grant No. GP-7490.     

Freezing transition in the Ising model without internal contours

We consider the low temperature Ising model in a uniform magnetic field h > 0 with minus boundary conditions and conditioned on having no internal contours. This simple contour model defines a non-Gibbsian spin state. For large enough magnetic fields (h >: h _c ) this state is concentrated on the single spin configuration of all spins up. For smaller values (h≤h _c ), the spin state is non-trivial. At the critical point h _c ≠ 0 the magnetization jumps discontinuously. Freezing provides also an example of a translation invariant weakly Gibbsian state which is not almost Gibbsian. Received: 10 November 1998     

On a generalized p-adic Gibbs measure for Ising model on trees

In this paper we consider a p-adic Ising model on an arbitraty tree. We show the uniqueness and boundedness of the p-adic Gibbs measure for the model. Moreover, we consider translational invariant and periodic generalized p-adic Gibbs measures for the model on the Cayley tree of order two.     

Two New Recurrent Levels for <Emphasis Type="Italic">C</Emphasis><Superscript>0</Superscript>-Flows

The central problem in dynamical systems is the asymptotic behavior or topological structure of the orbits. Nevertheless only orbits of points with certain recurrence and form a set of full measure are truly of importance. Of course, such a set is desired to be as small (in the sense of set inclusion) as possible. In this paper we discuss such two sets: the set of weakly almost periodic points and the set of quasi-weakly almost periodic points. While the two sets are different from each other by definitions, we prove that their closures both coincide with the measure center (or the minimal center of attraction) of the dynamical systems. Generally, a point may have three levels of orbit-structure: the support of an invariant measure generated by the point, its minimal center of attraction and its ω-limit set. We study the three levels of orbit-structure for weakly almost periodic points and quasi-weakly almost periodic points. We prove that quasi-weakly almost periodic points possess especially rich topological orbit-structures. We also present a necessary and sufficient condition for a point to belong to its own minimal center of attraction.     

Averaging sequences and modulated ergodic theorems for weakly almost periodic group representations

LetT be a weakly almost periodic (WAP) representation of a locally compact Σ-compact groupG by linear operators in a Banach spaceX, and letM = M(T) be its ergodic projection onto the space of fixed points (i.e.,Mx is the unique fixed point in the closed convex hull of the orbit ofx). A sequence of probabilities Μ_n is said toaverage T [weakly] if ∫T(t)x dΜ _n converges [weakly] toM(T)x for eachx ∃X. We callΜ _n [weakly]unitarily averaging if it averages [weakly] every unitary representation in a Hilbert space, and [weakly]WAPRaveraging if it averages [weakly] every WAP representation. We investigate some of the relationships of these notions, and connect them with properties of the regular representation (by translations) in the spaceWAP(G). Research partially supported by the Israel Science Foundation.     

The Minimal LM(3,4) Lattice Model and the Two-Dimensional Ising Model with Cylindrical Boundary Conditions

We consider an integrable XXZ model with some special open boundary conditions and one-dimensional Ising quantum chains with four different boundary conditions. We show that each of the Ising chains coincides with the minimal LM(3,4) lattice model resulting from the quantum group reduction of the XXZ model and the number of nodes in the former model is determined by the type of boundary conditions. The relation between the two-dimensional Ising model with four different types of boundary conditions and the LM(3,4) model is established.     

Weak Continuity of the Flow Map for the Benjamin-Ono Equation on the Line

In this paper we show that the flow map of the Benjamin-Ono equation on the line is weakly continuous in L ²(?), using “local smoothing” estimates. L ²(?) is believed to be a borderline space for the local well-posedness theory of this equation. In the periodic case, Molinet (Math. Ann. 337, 353–383, 2007) has recently proved that the flow map of the Benjamin-Ono equation is not weakly continuous in $L^{2}(\mathbb{T})In this paper we show that the flow map of the Benjamin-Ono equation on the line is weakly continuous in L ²(ℝ), using “local smoothing” estimates. L ²(ℝ) is believed to be a borderline space for the local well-posedness theory of this equation. In the periodic case, Molinet (Math. Ann. 337, 353–383, 2007) has recently proved that the flow map of the Benjamin-Ono equation is not weakly continuous in L²(\mathbbT)L^{2}(\mathbb{T}). Our results are in line with previous work on the cubic nonlinear Schr?dinger equation, where Goubet and Molinet (Nonlinear Anal. 71, 317–320, 2009) showed weak continuity in L ²(ℝ) and Molinet (Am. J. Math. 130, 635–683, 2008) showed lack of weak continuity in L²(\mathbbT)L^{2}(\mathbb{T}).     

Periodic Cyclic Homology of Iwahori–Hecke Algebras

We determine the periodic cyclic homology of the Iwahori–Hecke algebras H _q , for q * not a proper root of unity. (In this paper, by a proper root of unity we shall mean a root of unity other than 1.) Our method is based on a general result on periodic cyclic homology, which states that a weakly spectrum preserving morphism of finite type algebras induces an isomorphism in periodic cyclic homology. The concept of a weakly spectrum preserving morphism is defined in this paper, and most of our work is devoted to understanding this class of morphisms. Results of Kazhdan and Lusztig and Lusztig show that, for the indicated values of q, there exists a weakly spectrum preserving morphism _q : H _q J, to a fixed finite type algebra J. This proves that _q induces an isomorphism in periodic cyclic homology and, in particular, that all algebras H _q have the same periodic cyclic homology, for the indicated values of q. The periodic cyclic homology groups of the algebra H ₁ can then be determined directly, using results of Karoubi and Burghelea, because it is the group algebra of an extended affine Weyl group.