超微带电极上准稳态可逆波及其微分,半微分理论

本文推导了超微带电极上准稳态过程可逆波及其微分、半微分伏安曲线方程式，对曲线的性质进行了详细的讨论。在Ｋ４Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６·ＫＣｌ体系中用超微金带电极对理论进行了验证，结果表明，理论与实验相符。     

超微盘电极线性扫描准稳态可逆波及其导数波理论

提出超微盘电极线性扫描准稳态可逆波理论, 对伏安曲线性质进行了研究,利用铂超微盘电极及K~4Fe(CN)~6-KCl体系进行了验证, 此外, 还对超微盘电极线性扫描可逆波的一次, 二次, 三次微分进行了理论探讨。     

超微半扁球电极上循环扫描可逆波理论及其验证

本文提出了超微半扁球电极上循环伏安扫描可逆波理论,对不同p,g参数时电流、电位的性质进行了详细的讨论,并用汞超微半扁球电极在四氯苯醌-四丁基高氯酸铵-乙腈体系中的实验对理论进行了验证,实验结果与理论相符。     

超微半扁球电极的稳态电流理论及其验证

本文用苯醌在Ｍｃｌｌｖａｉｎｅ缓冲溶液（ｐＨ＝７．０）中的电化学可逆还原反应体系验证了超微半扁球电极上的稳态电流方程式，理论与实验结果相符，超微半扁球汞电极用电镀法制备。     

超微盘、微半球电极上准稳态电流公式及其实验验证

经过严格的数学推导及合理的数学近似, 提出了超微盘及微半球电极上准稳态可逆波、准可逆波及不可逆波电流方程式。根据导出的准稳态电流方程, 提出了一个测定动力学参数的新方法。对理论公式也进行了实验验证。     

超微盘电极上准稳态可逆波导数和半导数伏安法理论

本文提出了超微盘电极上准稳态可逆波导数和半导数伏安法理论,对电流、电位的性质进行了详细的讨论.     

超微盘电极上电位溶出分析法理论

本文提出了超微盘电极上电位溶出分析法理论,内容包括:过渡时间(τ)方程式、电位(E)-时间(t)曲线方程式及微分电位溶出分析法dt/dE-E曲线方程式,并对该曲线的性质进行了论述。     

多次半微分同位镀汞电化学溶出法的理论研究及应用

近年来,应用半微分电分析法于同位镀汞电极阳极溶出,能提高灵敏度和分辨力。将该法的半微分进行多次微分而得到的1.5次和2.5次微分法,比半微分法具有更高的灵敏度和分辨力,但其理论曲线尚未见报道,对其特性还缺少理论上的定量说明。本文在半微分方程的基础上,用数字电子计算机进行运算,推导得1.5次和2.5次微分法的     

超微盘电极上同时受扩散,化学反应,电极反应速率控制的伏安统…

运用积分变换法推导了超微盘电极上同时受扩散，电化学反应，化学反应伏安法统一理论，对薄层电解池中超微盘电极伏安方程进行了研究，列出了计算所得的典型伏安曲线。     

碳纤维组合超微园盘电极的伏安特性与理论验证

用12根直径7μm碳纤维均匀胶结在外径1mm、内径0．4mm的有机玻璃毛细管外围，形成组合超微园盘电极。并与Ag/AgCl参比电极和铂丝辅助电极构成复合三电极系统。在K3Pe(CN)6／K4Pe(CN)6和Cd^2 ／KCl溶液体系中，测定了这种复合式的组合超微电极的循环伏安特性和阶梯扫描伏安特性。理论计算与实验曲线一致。该电极系统具有良好的组合超微电极的性能。由于单电极间距离远大于本身直径，扩散场互不干扰，因此，组合超微电极的响应具有加和性。应用这种复合超微电极，测定了工业污水中的镉含量，与普通极谱法测定结果一致。     

Theory and application of cyclic voltammetry at a hemispherical microelectrode for a quasi-reversible reaction

The theory of cyclic voltammetry for a quasi-reversible reaction at a hemispherical microelectrode has been deduced. From the results calculated according to the theory, the heterogeneous rate constant and charge transfer coefficient can be measured with the cyclic voltammetric data obtained at an intermediate scan rate on a hemispherical microelectrode. To verify the theory, the kinetic constant for reduction of benzoquinone in acetonitrile has been determined. The result is coincident with that measured by a fast scan rate at a platinum microdisk electrode. The kinetic constant and charge transfer coefficient for reduction of 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorobenzoquinone have also been determined with the method described in this paper.     

Effect of ion pairing on steady-state voltammetric limiting currents at microelectrodes Part I. Theoretical principles

Voltammetric studies in solutions of high resistivity are facilitated by the use of microelectrodes under steady-state conditions. Such solutions are encountered with solvents of low permittivity because of the very sparing solubility of electrolytes. Moreover, in such media the supporting electrolyte, as well as the electroactive ionic species, is usually extensively ion paired. Here we predict the limiting current that will flow in these circumstances, when a monovalent ion undergoes a one-electron transfer at a hemispherical microelectrode to form a neutral product. The ion pairing equilibria are assumed to be fast but all diffusion coefficients are treated as distinct. An analytical solution is elusive in the general case, but a simple numerical procedure allows the limiting current to be predicted for any combination of the system parameters. Several special cases are also discussed, some of which yield explicit formulae for the limiting current. In a companion paper, experimental data are compared with the theoretical predictions.     

半微分电分析研究CTAB/n-C_4H_9OH/n-C_7H_(16)/H_2O微乳结构

制备了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵/正丁醇/正庚烷/水四组分体系的相图。讨论了 体系中助表面活性剂与表面活性剂的质量比k_m对形成微乳状液单相区域大小的影 响。以二茂铁为电活性探针用半微分电分析法测定系列微乳样品的表观扩散系数 D_(app)，从表观扩散系数D_(app)随含水量Φ_w的变化确定微乳液的微结构和结构 转变。电导率数据证实了半微分电分析的实验结果。     

New approximate analytical expressions for transient concentration profiles and current pertaining to a homogeneous chemical reaction at hemispherical microelectrodes

A mathematical model corresponding to homogeneous chemical reactions under transient chronoamperometry conditions at hemispherical microelectrodes has been developed. The analytical solutions for the concentration of species and current were obtained using Duhamel's theorem. This closed-form theoretical expression pertains to the transient concentration profiles and fluxes of chemical species involved in chemical and electrochemical reactions at hemispherical microelectrodes. As t → ∞, the analytical expressions corresponding to the concentration and current approach steady-state values. The solutions obtained are explicit only under limiting current conditions. The approximate expressions for concentrations and current as functions of time corresponding to the EC' and CE mechanisms at hemispherical microelectrodes are also reported.     

Voltammetry of Ferrocenated Gold Nanoparticles on a Nanometer‐Sized Electrode

So far, almost all electrochemistry theories are based on an assumption that the size of an electroactive molecule is negligible. However, this assumption will not be true if the size of an electroactive molecule is comparable to or smaller than the size of an electrode being used to study the electroactive molecule. In this paper, the electrochemical behaviors of ferrocenated gold nanoparticles have been studied using an electrode with a radius that is smaller than the radius of the particle. This allows for the observation of phenomena which cannot be explained by conventional electrochemical theories. Also, stochastic collision current, which cannot be observed on a macro‐ or microelectrode, can be directly observed.     

Ring‐disc Microelectrodes towards Glutathione Electrochemical Detection

An alternative approach for space‐resolved glutathione (GSH) detection using a ring‐disc microelectrode and an appropriate electroactive probe (acetaminophen) is reported. Acetaminophen is electrochemically oxidized at one of the electrodes and a fraction of the reaction product (N‐acetyl‐p‐quinoneimine) diffuses to the other, where it is detected. The collection efficiency value is dependent on the concentration of glutathione in solution, which consumes N‐acetyl‐p‐quinoneimine during its transit from the disc to the ring. Collection efficiency values close to 100 % were obtained by confining the electroactive species in a gap (<2 μm) that resembles a thin layer cell in a SECM configuration. The proposed indirect method was used to image the transport of GSH across an impermeable membrane in a SECM experiment. The method proved to be useful as a proof of concept for space‐resolved GSH electrochemical detection and a topography independent electrochemical image was acquired.     

Electro‐oxidation and reduction of H2 on platinum studied by scanning electrochemical microscopy for the purpose of local detection of H2 evolution

Electrochemical detection of H₂ using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) has shown to hold great promise as a sensitive characterization method with high spatial resolution for active surfaces generating H₂. Herein, the factors contributing to the current that is measured by SECM in generation/collection mode for H₂ detection are studied. In particular, the concentration gradient of H₂ at the substrate, the H₂/H⁺ recycling between the SECM tip and substrate and hemispherical profile of H₂ diffusion has been discussed. It was postulated that H₂/H⁺ recycling plays a dominant role in the oxidative current measured in generation/collection mode of SECM when the microelectrode is positioned in close vicinity of substrate. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.