应用酸性铬蓝K的A_N=0双波长补偿系数光度法测定铜(Ⅱ)

在pH=12.7的NaOH介质中,铜(Ⅱ)与酸性铬蓝K(ACBK)形成深红色配合物,应用该配合物生色对试剂ACBK褪色产生100%相消干扰的波长533 nm作为负峰波长,建立了ACBK测定铜(Ⅱ)的A_N=0双波长补偿系数光度法.该法能消除显色剂ACBK褪色对生成物Cu(ACBK)生色的相消干扰,测得生色法真实吸光度,消除生成物生色对有色剂ACBK褪色的相消干扰;测得褪色法近似真实吸光度,其灵敏度是上述两法之和.于波长λp 573 nm,λN 533 nm测得信号吸光度补偿系数fs为4.135,信号摩尔吸光系数为4.56×10~4 L·5moL~(-1)·5cm~(-1),是经典光度法的3.73倍.方法线性范围为0.02～1.60 mg·~(-1),配合物的摩尔比为Cu∶ACBK=1∶1.测定了某些水样中的铜(Ⅱ),并对方法进行了检验,回收率为96%～104%.     

酸性络蓝K双波长信号系数光度法测定钙镁

基于在氢氧化钠溶液中,钙、镁均与酸性络蓝K(ACBK)形成暗红色配合物,提出了测定钙和镁的双波长信号系数光度法.该法不仅消除了钙、镁之间的吸收干扰,且消除了一定量的共存离子的干扰.利用褪色法与生色法的吸光度之和作为信号吸光度,使方法的灵敏度大为提高.测定钙、镁总量时,分别用钙、镁吸收曲线正峰与负峰上的等吸收波长470.5 nm(λPa)及559.5 nm(λNa)处测定吸光度APa和ANa,求得总量的信号系数fs为2.439.于λPa470.5 nm处测得任一浓度钙、镁试液的吸光度APa′,其信号吸光度As=fsAλPa′.测定镁时,以试剂ACBK褪色对钙配合物生色的完全相消干扰的波长539 nm(Pa)作为测定波长,负峰波长583 nm为Na.按相同方法测得镁的信号系数fs为4.148.     

邻—甲酚酞络合酮吸光光度法连续测定血清中钙和镁

利用邻－甲酚酞络合剂为显色剂建立了连续测定血清钙和镁的吸光光度法,钙和镁与该显色剂在ＰＨ１１的碱性缓冲液中形成紫色络合物,于５７０ｎｍ波长处均表最大吸收,且曲线具有加和性。先测得钙镁吸光度之和,加入８－羟基喹啉以掩蔽镁离子的干扰后测得钙的吸光度,两者之差即为镁的吸光度。钙和镁的摩尔吸光系数分别为２．１４×１０＾４和１．５１×１０＾４,方法应用于血清样品中钙和镁的连续测定,结果令人满意。     

负吸光度法——一种新的光度分析方法

光度分析从1730年朗伯(Lambert)与波格(Bouguer)提出吸收定律算起,已有200余年历史。因此,它是建立最早、资料最丰富、应用最广的仪器分析。 光度分析的基本原理是朗伯-比耳定律。其数学表达式为: A=abc (1) 式中A——吸光度 a——吸光系数 b——吸光介质厚度 c——吸光物质浓度 在一定条件下,吸光度与被测物质浓度成正比。对于测定反应: M R=R (2) 式中 M——被测定物 R一反应物 P——生成物 比耳定律适用于生色(广义是吸光度或光吸收     

铜的催化褪色动力学-负吸光度法测定

以催化褪色动力学光度法测铜为例 ,对负吸光度法用于褪色法能提高准确度与灵敏度、扩展线性范围、减小共存离子干扰及操作简便规范等的原因进行了系统的研究 ;实例表明 ,间接摩尔吸光系数为1.71×107L·moL -1·cm -1,可测浓度范围为40～3600ng·L -1及相对标准偏差为0.8%(n=9) ,均明显优于用经典吸光度法测定 ,且催化温度降低 ,反应时间缩短并省去反应抑制剂 ,较原方法易于操作     

尿液中对羟苯基丙酮酸的分光光度法测定

研究了分光光度法测定对羟苯基丙酮酸;实验表明在碱性介质中,对羟苯基丙酮酸的λmax=329 nm,其含量在0.001～2 mg/L范围内与吸光度值呈良好的线性关系,摩尔吸光系数ε为5.26×104L@mol-1@cm-1,方法检出限为0.0078 mg/L(以3σ计);该法操作简单、快速,无需昂贵的仪器,数据重现性好,其最大的优点是可以有效地消除同类物质如对羟苯基丙氨酸、对羟苯基丙乳酸和对羟苯基丙酸等的干扰,是测定微量对羟苯基丙酮酸的特效方法;该法应用于尿液中对羟苯基丙酮酸的测定,结果令人满意.     

氧化邻苯三酚红褪色光度法测定微量铈

Ce(Ⅳ)的强氧化性对邻苯三酚红有褪色作用,借此进行吸光光度法测定铈的研究.试验表明,在0.47～0.62mol·L~(-1)硫酸介质中,邻苯三酚红被Ce(Ⅳ)氧化而褪色的程度与存在的Ce(Ⅳ)量成线性关系.其最大吸收波长为465nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.O×10~(-4)L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1).Ce(Ⅳ)量在0～4.0μg·ml~(-1)范围内与有色溶液的吸光度减少值呈线性关系.方法简单、快速、准确、选择性好,用于测定稀土氧化物中铈,结果满意.     

钙羧酸钠褪色光度法测定微量碘的研究

提出了以钙羧酸钠褪色光度法测定微量碘的新方法。在盐酸介质中 ,表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 (CTMAB)存在下 ,碘酸根离子定量氧化钙羧酸钠褪色。最大吸收波长λmax=5 95nm ,表观摩尔吸光系数ε =3.1× 10 4 L·mol-1·cm-1。碘浓度在 0～ 5 0 μg 2 5ml范围内服从比耳定律。方法用于加碘食盐中碘的测定 ,结果满意     

酸性介质中PAR与Fe（Ⅱ）显色反应的研究及其应用

4-(2-吡啶偶氮)间苯二酚(PAR)是常用的配位滴定指示剂和光度分析显色剂,能用于多种金属离子的光度测定.用PAR光度法测定Fe(Ⅱ),因PAR及其PAR与Fe(Ⅱ)的配合物在酸性介质中难溶于水,因而一般在选择性不够高的碱性介质中进行测定.迄今为止,PAR与Fe(Ⅱ)在酸性介质中的显色反应研究还未见报道,本法采用加入表面活性剂OP增溶,研究在酸性介质中PAR与Fe(Ⅱ)的显色反应.结果表明,在pH2.0～6.0的范围内,Fe(Ⅱ)与PAR形成稳定的1:2配合物,最大吸收波长为491nm和710nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε_(710)为1.4×10~4L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),以710nm为测定波长,铁含量在0～45μg/25ml范围内服从比耳定律.方法选择性较高,用于测定茶叶和食品中微量铁,结果满意.     

曙红Y探针吸收光谱法测定氯霉素

在pH 1.0～3.0的条件下,曙红Y与氯霉素反应生成红色离子缔合物,其最大显色波长和褪色波长分别位于483 nm和560 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数分别为4.49×104和1.20×104L·mol-1.cm-1,当用双波长叠加法测定时,表观摩尔吸光系数可提高到5.70×104L·mol-1.cm-1,在0.15～6.5 mg.L-1范围内,显色反应或褪色反应的吸光度绝对值与溶液中氯霉素浓度成正比,由此建立了测定氯霉素的吸收光谱法。该法用于药物及尿样中氯霉素的测定,结果满意。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.